Discord Consensus

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are in agreement or not at different stages, and the role of Dutch varies within each of these stages. The following section will briefly describe the methodology used to explore and compare cross-lingual expressions of conceptual equivalence among language versions. Methodology The way in which language is used to express a particular perception of reality (referred to by cognitive linguists 14 as construal) can reveal cross-lingual differences in the conceptualisation of narrative features; this has also been referred to as the construction of a subjective linguistic scene or ‘viewing arrangement’. 15 The idea of linguistic subjectivity or ‘subjectification’ developed by Langacker can be applied as a specific tool for exploring spatial relationships within a discourse narrative. The Discourse Space Theory (DST) suggested by Chilton 16 offers a framework for illustrating these relationships as functions of proximity and distance from one another. Thus, shifts in lexico-grammatical features of language (words and structures) can influence the interpretation and content of policy voices embedded in a political discourse context. Chilton’s theory is essentially a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach, which means that it attempts to link micro-linguistic discourse features to the expression of ideology (the macro discourse); discourse spaces are categorised as both ‘ideational and ideological constructions in which people, objects, events, processes and states of affairs in the text world are conceptualised’ along the three axes of ‘space, time and modality’. 17 The ‘ideational’ is how the speaker linguistically and/or discursively conceptualises the world; the ‘ideological’ is the political and/or economic beliefs or principles that underlie this conceptualisation of the world. More specifically, spatial expressions operate on a scale of proximity and remoteness, where expressions such as ‘here’ and the personal pronouns ‘we’, ‘us’ and ‘our’ are located at the deictic centre (the closest in proximity possible to the ‘self’). Conversely, expressions like ‘there’, and the personal pronouns ‘they’, ‘them’ and ‘their’ are found at the remotest end of the scale, the furthest from the deictic ‘self’. In political discourse, deictic centre is not necessarily interpreted as ‘geographical distance’ but more as ‘geopolitical or cultural “distance”’. 18 The data analysis in this chapter applies these notions to explore the extent of conceptual equivalence between cross-lingual versions Dutch in the EU discourse chain: mimic or maverick? 175
from the European Council’s Stockholm Programme 2009–14 on an Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, with particular emphasis on the role of Dutch (NL). The analysis of data is organised as follows. A number of parallel excerpts in English (EN), French (FR), German (DE) and Dutch (NL) are presented as tables depicting one or more stages of the multilingual discourse chain (Examples 1 to 6); the Dutch version is then successively cross-compared to any or all of these versions as and when specifically relevant. Back translations in English are either wholly or partially given in the tables, depending on whether there is a need to highlight all or only some of the discourse content. Following on from the discussions of separate cross-lingual data examples, the language constellations that best represent the behaviour of Dutch compared to the other languages will be illustrated as diagrams (Figures 10.2 to 10.5). The next section is the data analysis, which contains tabulated Examples 1 to 6. All these examples deal specifically with the overarching theme of security; they also consider in more detail the role of NL not only across languages but also across stages of the discourse chain (Commission and Council) in terms of the supranational and intergovernmental voices projected. Data analysis The first example is taken from one stage only of the discourse chain (stage A –the Commission supranational stage) and concerns the manner in which people – citizens or inhabitants – should be protected from threats that breach European borders. Example 1: A Europe that Protects – Epistemic Difference STAGE A Commission Proposal COM 262 Supranational Action at European level is key to protecting its people against threats which do not stop at borders. L’Europe offre un cadre indispensable (offers an essential framework) pour protéger ses habitants contre les menaces qui ignorent les frontières. 176 DISCORD AND CONSENSUS IN THE LOW COUNTRIES, 1700–2000
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Discord & Consensus in the Low Coun
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GLOBAL DUTCH: STUDIES IN LOW COUNTR
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First published in 2016 by UCL Pres
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8. Reinstating a consensus of blame
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Fig. 4.12 Magician, Gejo, De Leeuw
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to twentieth centuries as well, as
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The Twins (De tweeling), which cont
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1 Pre-modern Dutch identity and
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and literary reflections on war and
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fighting continued, and in April 17
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and 1747. In the eyes of Orangists,
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Dissident voices In these writings
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One of the authors directed his cri
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In the play by Smit, the god of war
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2 Gnawing worms and rolling thunder
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Fig. 2.1 Frontispiece of Lambert Bi
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Fig. 2.3 The Panpoëticon cabinet a
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still suggest a certain development
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sides of the natural order: the tin
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But at that fateful time, God’s c
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the safe bourgeois allotments, behi
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the most famous statesmen of the Re
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ut still renewed their rampage, the
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3 A twice-told tale of a (dis)un
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will leave it to its readers to dra
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dominions were one of the closest B
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centuries, dwelling on the revolt a
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access to local sources with a wide
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of reconciling each party in the il
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the higher station to which he was
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describe how Joseph II’s attempte
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allow us to record the shifts withi
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seen as one of the ‘cheering sign
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Introduction: the conflict in histo
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appears to require and to perpetuat
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In my study, special attention will
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Fig. 4.2 Worm’s-eye view, Bob
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was published by Walter Lehning Ver
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Fig. 4.5 Violence, Karel Biddeloo,
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actresses: Galaxa on Senta Berger a
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A poor man explains the situation t
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The Flemish readers -who recogni
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Fig. 4.13 Urinating boy, Gejo, De L
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Fig. 4.15 Monolingualism, Gejo, De
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The story is told again, but differ
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Introduction In his survey of the D
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The chapter is divided into three s
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community’s need for news in its
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to do with his newspaper, he replie
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[. . .] I am appealing to your love
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soft drinks), Christmas giften (ada
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HOUSEMAIDS NEEDED For a family of t
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When then equality - only if we uni
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It is sad that they do not realise
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States: the Germans, of course, but
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6 ‘Beyond A Bridge Too Far’: th
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some 180,000 people in all, were su
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etrayal, 14 Boeree’s first priori
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lightly. And so, having obtained th
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To cover up their robbery, the Germ
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The following two decades, from 194
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Arnhem as a garrison town would hav
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ecognition of their help to the Jew
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7 ‘A sort of wishful dream’: ch
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Netherlands in response to the orig
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The author indicates she has tried
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Page 143 and 144: Introduction Ben Sombogaart’s fam
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Page 179 and 180: Introduction Multilingual text prod
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Page 191 and 192: Example 3 STAGE A Commission Propos
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Page 199 and 200: Notes Introduction 1 ALCS 2014 [la
Page 201 and 202: 192 NOTES 24 ‘Zo lang de Oranje S
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Page 223 and 224: Notes on contributors Tanja Collet
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226 SUBJECT INDEX
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