Discord Consensus

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De burger beschermen –een Europa dat bescherming biedt (that offers protection): er moet een strategie voor interne (internal) veiligheid worden ontwikkeld om de veiligheid binnen de Unie verder te verhogen en zo het leven en de integriteit van de Europese burgers te beschermen. Een beschermend (protective) Europa: Een strategie voor interne (internal) veiligheid moet worden ontwikkeld om de veiligheid binnen de Unie verder te verhogen en zo het leven en de integriteit van de burgers van de Unie te beschermen, en om georganiseerde misdaad, terrorisme en andere dreigingen het hoofd te bieden (offer ‘the head’ – resistance). construal equating to ‘a protective Europe’ (een beschermend Europa). Thus, Europe is cast in the role of a ‘protective’ parent as it were; the adjectival description ‘protective’ endows Europe with the quality of being protective –or of protector –rather than simply describing action taken in a particular instance (i.e. A Europe that protects). Nevertheless, there is still a subtle grammatical difference between NL ‘beschermend’ (literally ‘protecting’) and an alternative adjectival form ‘protective’. The NL version is a present participle (but functions here as an adjective); this means that ‘a protecting Europe’ could also easily be defined in the relative clause form used in EN, FR and DE: ‘a Europe that protects’ (in NL: een Europa dat beschermt). We are also bound to note that the adjective ‘protective’ is not possible lexically in NL, so the present participle must be used. Notwithstanding, the NL still opts for an adjectival description of Europe as ‘protecting’ rather than taking action to protect. As we have already said, ‘a Europe that protects’ is not grammatically ruled out in NL. Coupled with the fact that this structure is also not used at stage A –in favour of a Europe that only ‘offers’ protection (i.e. there is no guarantee that this protection will be forthcoming), we conclude that this slightly weakens the role of Europe as the agent of protection in the NL version only. Returning to stage A, the need to enhance security within the Union is expressed differently to the other language versions in two respects. The first of these is the way in which the desired further enhancement of Union security is lexically described using a verb equating to the semantic domain of ‘increase’; this is in contrast to all three of the Dutch in the EU discourse chain: mimic or maverick? 183
other languages, which state that security should be further ‘improved’. Thus, in the NL version the desired aim is ‘de veiligheid binnen de Unie verder te verhogen’ (to further increase security within the Union). While both lexical choices equating to ‘improve’ and ‘increase’ are included in the semantic domain of ‘enhancement’, from a conceptual viewpoint there is a subtle difference between the two. This is because the notion of improving security is open to the interpretation of the speaker (or hearer) as to the precise quality and/or quantity of action required to achieve this improvement. However, the notion of ‘increasing’ security is far less open to such interpretation in the sense that ‘increase’ suggests the stepping up and actual quantitative multiplication of resources for security measures. This difference in lexical construal is also carried over to Council stage B and is not homogenised to other language versions. Another salient element of this NL discourse strand concerns the lexical alternatives of protecting either the ‘integrity’ (FR, DE and NL at stage A) or the ‘safety’ (EN version only at stage A) of citizens. Initially, and in parallel with the FR and DE versions, the NL deviates here at stage A from the EN lexical choice of ‘safety’; it therefore also suggests that citizens are whole and that this wholeness may be disintegrated if sufficient protection is not achieved: ‘en zo het leven en de integriteit van de Europese burgers te beschermen’ (and in this way protect the life and the integrity of the European citizens). However, this discourse strand also remains the same (using the lexeme ‘integrity’ –integriteit) at stage B (Council); this means that it is not modified to equate lexically to safety and thus homogenise to the other three language versions. The NL version thus deviates from the EN version with the other two languages at stage A (Commission); but it then retains this deviation even when the remaining parallel versions then modify lexically to harmonise with the EN ‘original drafting language’ at stage B (Council). One final point of interest in this same discourse strand relates specifically to the text at stage B, where the need to confront threats to security is expressed. Here a metaphorical conceptualisation is used in that a second positive outcome of increased security will be ‘om georganiseerde misdaad, terrorisme en andere dreigingen het hoofd te bieden’ (in order to offer resistance –literally: ‘to offer the head’, based on the movements of a bull or stag confronting an opponent –to organised crime, terrorism and other threats). It is worth noting here that this expression is perhaps more adversarial –by virtue of its metaphorical imagery –than other less metaphorical expressions of offering resistance, such as the FR ‘lutter contre’ (fight against) and the DE ‘vorgehen gegen’ (act against). 184 DISCORD AND CONSENSUS IN THE LOW COUNTRIES, 1700–2000
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Discord & Consensus in the Low Coun
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GLOBAL DUTCH: STUDIES IN LOW COUNTR
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First published in 2016 by UCL Pres
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8. Reinstating a consensus of blame
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Fig. 4.12 Magician, Gejo, De Leeuw
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to twentieth centuries as well, as
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The Twins (De tweeling), which cont
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1 Pre-modern Dutch identity and
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and literary reflections on war and
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fighting continued, and in April 17
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and 1747. In the eyes of Orangists,
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Dissident voices In these writings
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One of the authors directed his cri
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In the play by Smit, the god of war
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2 Gnawing worms and rolling thunder
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Fig. 2.1 Frontispiece of Lambert Bi
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Fig. 2.3 The Panpoëticon cabinet a
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still suggest a certain development
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sides of the natural order: the tin
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But at that fateful time, God’s c
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the safe bourgeois allotments, behi
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the most famous statesmen of the Re
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ut still renewed their rampage, the
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3 A twice-told tale of a (dis)un
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will leave it to its readers to dra
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dominions were one of the closest B
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centuries, dwelling on the revolt a
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access to local sources with a wide
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of reconciling each party in the il
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the higher station to which he was
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describe how Joseph II’s attempte
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allow us to record the shifts withi
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seen as one of the ‘cheering sign
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Introduction: the conflict in histo
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appears to require and to perpetuat
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In my study, special attention will
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Fig. 4.2 Worm’s-eye view, Bob
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was published by Walter Lehning Ver
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Fig. 4.5 Violence, Karel Biddeloo,
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actresses: Galaxa on Senta Berger a
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A poor man explains the situation t
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The Flemish readers -who recogni
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Fig. 4.13 Urinating boy, Gejo, De L
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Fig. 4.15 Monolingualism, Gejo, De
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The story is told again, but differ
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Introduction In his survey of the D
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The chapter is divided into three s
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community’s need for news in its
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to do with his newspaper, he replie
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[. . .] I am appealing to your love
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soft drinks), Christmas giften (ada
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HOUSEMAIDS NEEDED For a family of t
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When then equality - only if we uni
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It is sad that they do not realise
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States: the Germans, of course, but
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6 ‘Beyond A Bridge Too Far’: th
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some 180,000 people in all, were su
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etrayal, 14 Boeree’s first priori
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lightly. And so, having obtained th
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To cover up their robbery, the Germ
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The following two decades, from 194
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Arnhem as a garrison town would hav
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ecognition of their help to the Jew
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7 ‘A sort of wishful dream’: ch
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Netherlands in response to the orig
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The author indicates she has tried
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the political setting of the novel.
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two insecure lines about the narrat
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Nieuwenhuys wrote an impressive ant
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once a bed of red and orange cannas
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Page 143 and 144: Introduction Ben Sombogaart’s fam
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Page 179 and 180: Introduction Multilingual text prod
Page 181 and 182: In 2008 the former Director-Gene
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Page 189 and 190: ‘The protection of Europe and its
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Page 197 and 198: CITIZENS/PEOPLE/EUROPEANS STAGE B C
Page 199 and 200: Notes Introduction 1 ALCS 2014 [la
Page 201 and 202: 192 NOTES 24 ‘Zo lang de Oranje S
Page 203 and 204: 11 Th. van der Meer, Sodoms zaad in
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Page 207 and 208: Rocco Versaci, This Book Contains G
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Page 223 and 224: Notes on contributors Tanja Collet
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Page 227 and 228: Jenny Watson is a PhD candidate at
Page 229 and 230: Elsaesser, Thomas (literary scholar
Page 231 and 232: Van der Does, Dr (Red Cross physici
Page 233 and 234: investment project 159 Emslandplan
Page 235 and 236: 226 SUBJECT INDEX
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Discord Consensus

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