SIGAR

COUNTERNARCOTICS
and eastern regions. Despite the increased number of interdictions and
seizures, the results had little effect on the country’s opium production,
which increased to 4,800 tons in 2016—a 43% increase from 2015. UNODC
estimates its total farmgate value at $900 million, a 57% increase from the
2015’s $570 million estimate for 3,300 tons. 779
U.S. RECONSTRUCTION FUNDING
FOR COUNTERNARCOTICS
As of December 31, 2016, the United States has provided $8.5 billion
for counternarcotics efforts in Afghanistan since 2002. Nonetheless,
Afghanistan remains the world’s leading producer of opium, providing
80% of the global output over the past decade, according to the
United Nations. 780
The country also has a growing domestic addiction problem and one of
the highest substance abuse-rates in the world. The 2012 National Urban
Drug Use Survey and 2014 National Rural Drug Use Survey estimate that
11% of the adult population (2.5–3 million Afghans) use drugs, compared
with the 0.3% global average. 781
Congress appropriated most counternarcotics (CN) funds for
Afghanistan through the DOD Drug Interdiction and Counter-Drug
Activities (DOD CN) Fund ($3 billion), the Afghan Security Forces Fund
(ASFF) ($1.3 billion), the Economic Support Fund (ESF) ($1.6 billion),
and a portion of the State Department’s International Narcotics Control
and Law Enforcement (INCLE) account ($2.2 billion). ASFF is primarily
used to develop the Afghan National Army and Police, including the
Counternarcotics Police and Special Mission Wing who support the efforts
of the Ministries of Defense (MOD) and Interior (MOI) to address the
narcotics trade. 782
USAID’s alternative-development programs are intended to support
U.S. counternarcotics objectives by helping countries develop economic
alternatives to narcotics production. In addition to reconstruction funding,
the DEA receives funds through direct appropriations to operate in
Afghanistan. See Appendix B for additional funding information. 783
SIGAR will issue a Lessons Learned Program report later this year that
will examine counternarcotics efforts since the U.S. reconstruction began.
This comprehensive review will incorporate satellite-imagery data analysis
and provide recommendations to policymakers to improve future strategies
and programs.
Opium Cultivation on the Rise, Eradication Results Negligible
UNODC issued its latest opium survey on cultivation and production
in December 2016. The survey said the area of Afghanistan under
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SPECIAL INSPECTOR GENERAL I AFGHANISTAN RECONSTRUCTION