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Structure Prediction of CPPs and Iterative Development of Novel CPPs 213 (bottom) D (top) (bottom) FIGURE 9.9 (continued) 2nd Helix (inner leaflet charge: -0.02) Total Restraints (kJ/mol Å 2 ) Mass Center Penetration (Å) Angle(°)
214 Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Processes and Applications E (top) (bottom) Total Restraints (kJ/mol Å 2 ) FIGURE 9.9 (continued) pAntp (inner leaflet charge: -0.02) Mass Center Penetration (Å) core of the bilayer. The lipid perturbation restraint is similar to that calculated for the first helix and for the full-length homeodomain. Finally, our simulations predict that, with such a charge distribution, the penetratin peptide may cross the bilayer due to the influence of membrane charges. This restraint is indeed greatly favorable during the bilayer crossing simulation. Furthermore, the evolution of the hydrophobic restraint suggests that the helix hydrophobic properties would not allow crossing the bilayer hydrophobic core in the absence of the superficial charge density located at the internal leaflet. However, although the charge restraint becomes unfavorable from –10 Å, the hydrophobic restraint, in turn, becomes favorable, and allows the mass center of the third helix to stabilize at –13 Å, forming a 3° angle with the bilayer plan. The discontinuous course during crossing (indicated by dots, Figure 9.9E, top) suggests that the crossing is very rapid. Lipid perturbation restraint stays at the same level as for the previous simulations (8 kJ/mol.Å 2 ), indicating that the crossing has no major destabilizing effects on the Angle(°)
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CELL- PENETRATING PEPTIDES Processe
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Pharmacology and Toxicology: Basic
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
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to the handbook are prominent resea
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REFERENCES 1. Green, M. and Loewens
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Contributors Mats Andersson Microbi
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Erin T. Pelkey Department of Chemis
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Contents Section I Classes of Cell-
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Chapter 16 Cell-Penetrating Peptide
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1 CONTENTS 0-8493-1141-1/02/$0.00+$
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The Tat-Derived Cell-Penetrating Pe
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24 Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Proce
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3 Transportans Margus Pooga, Mattia
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Transportans 55 Indeed, galparan is
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Transportans 57 especially the endo
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Transportans 59 In the penetration
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Transportans 61 A 21-mer antisense
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Transportans 63 Commonly, the prote
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Transportans 65 antibiotin antibodi
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Transportans 67 For cross-linking o
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Transportans 69 and still retain ef
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Model Amphipathic Peptides 73 its D
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Model Amphipathic Peptides 75 pmol/
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TABLE 4.1 Internalization of Peptid
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TABLE 4.2 Internalization of Peptid
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Model Amphipathic Peptides 81 relat
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Model Amphipathic Peptides 87 A cat
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Model Amphipathic Peptides 89 At th
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Model Amphipathic Peptides 91 16. H
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Signal Sequence-Based Cell-Penetrat
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116 Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Proc
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Page 186 and 187: Interactions of Cell-Penetrating Pe
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Page 210 and 211: Structure Prediction of CPPs and It
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Page 246 and 247: Biophysical Studies of Cell-Penetra
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Page 268 and 269: Toxicity and Side Effects of Cell-P
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Kinetics of Uptake of Cell-Penetrat
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Cell-Penetrating Peptide Conjugatio
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FIGURE 15.9 (Color Figure 15.9 foll
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides as Vector
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TABLE 16.1 Examples of Transport of
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CPP 2 Cargo or mRNA CAP Antisense A
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Microbial Membrane-Permeating Pepti
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Index A Abaecin, 129 Abz radiolabel
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Index 399 Diffraction, 168 Disulphi
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Index 401 structure prediction, 187
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Index 403 pRB proteins, Tat-E1A bin
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Index 405 lipid perturbation (secon
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