THE EARLY AGE OF GREECE VOL.I by W.Ridgeway 1901

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442 THE EARLY IRON AGE IX EUROPE.
THE EARLY IRON AGE IN EUROPE. 441
(piering the Illyrian and Thi'acian ti'ibes of the u|>i)er Halkan repie.sentations of the connnon hiju'iiiiis of the Aej^'eiin.
the Jezerine cemetery is considerably later than that of
peninsula. As there is no doubt that the people of Hallstatt
Glasinatz.
were Celts, we may infer reasonably that the people of Glasinatz
But not only does it differ in age from Glasinatz, but also
belonged to the same stock. Certain it is that Celtic tribes
in the character of the remains. For though certain brooches
such as the Scordisci and Boii were dwelling in Pannonia in
of the well-defined Celtic type are found, nevertheless the
classical times, and it is probable, as we saw (pp. 889 90), that
weapons are essentially different from those of the Celts of the
La Tene period.
many swarms of the same stock, under the name of Cimmerians,
had for long ages occupied the valley of the Danube.
This difficulty can be readily explained.
The historical tradition is confirmed by the discovery of
In the preceding chapter (p. 846) we saw that Strabo
relics of the Hallstatt type in various parts of the Danubian
distinguished very clearly the Celtic tribes, who extended from
valley, and by the fact already pointed out (p. 416?*.) that the
Noricum, through Carniola, Croatia, the valley of the Danube,
grips of the Hungarian swords of the Bronze Age were made
and the upper Balkan peninsula, from the Illyrian and Thracian
for men of the same physique as those who once grasped the
tribes, whom the Celts in
many cases had made their vassals.
large
hilts of the swords of Hallstatt.
Strabo says that the lapodes were a mixed Illyrian and
We have also indicated that the culture laid bare for us in
Celtic tribe, and that they employed the Celtic military ecjuipment,
the tumuli of Glasinatz as well as at Hallstatt coincides to a
though they tattooed themselves like all the lUyrians and
remarkable degree with that of the Acheans of Homer.
Thracians.
All we now require is to find traces of the same culture on
The Scordisci and Boii likewise dwelt intermixed with their
the soil of Greece itself. We were able to trace the Acheans
Illyrian and Thracian subjects in the region called Pamionia from
by
Epirus into Thessaly and down into the heart of Peloponnesus.
Zeus, who ruled over wintry Dodona, was their chief
the Romans, pait of which is now the modern Bosnia.
There is thus complete evidence that in what is n(jw
deity, and it was in Epirus that Neoptolemus, surnamed
Bosnia and the contiguous i-cgions there were two distinct
Redhead,' the son of Achilles, founded a kingdom after his
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populations living intermixed, but diffci'ing entiix'ly in race,
return from Troy.
ecjuipments, and customs. In this fact is to be found the
Dodona was held by Herodotus to mark the frontier of
solution of the ])roblem raised by the difference in anticiuities
(Jreece on the north-west, for it was here that the gifts from
between Jezerine and (jlasinatz, which is not merely one of
the Hyperboreans on their way down from the head of the
])ei-iod, lint of culture. At .lezerine we have th cavt' of Diclacaii Zeus of " twenty small Caiiaii
the barrier of the .Mps, and o\t'ri'iinniiig and eoii-
axes" aloiii,' with many other dedications. These littl(> axes ai'e
nnniatuie