THE EARLY AGE OF GREECE VOL.I by W.Ridgeway 1901

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THE BROOCH. 587
Buckinghamshire and Gloucestershire \ The Kent and Wight
brooches are distinct from the others, for the former are
usually adorned with garnets and other precious stones and
cloisonne work, whilst the latter are very concave and have
commonly a small ornament in the
centre. As the Jutes colonized Kent
and the Isle of Wight, whilst Oxfordshire,
Berkshire, Buckinghamshire
and Gloucestershire formed part of
the kingdt)m of Wessex, it seems
probable that the Jutes and Saxons
wore distinctive varieties of the
circular brooch, whilst both differed
altogether from the cruciform type
so common in East Anglia, Mercia
and Northumbria, the area occupied
by the Angles (Figs. 141, 142). Not
unnaturally sporadic examples are
found outside the area proper to
the type, for if
a woman from East
Ano'lia or Mercia married a Jute
of Kent, she would bring her
jeweliy with her to her new home.
Crucifoi-m brooches of
tyjx-s
closely akin to tht;
English are
found in great abundance in Swt'den
and Norway, but ^ery i-ardy in
Gothland, and curiously too ai'c also
rare in Dcrunark-. I'hoy
occui' in
J'l H'2. Aiif^'lo-Saxon Brooch
(.\iiKliaii type), Tiuldfnliain,
Siil'lolk-'.
France, (ici'niany, and ovcu in Italy
and the Ci'iniea'', but onl\' spoi-adicall\',
in fact wlicrevcr th(
\Vii^,'lit, Ci'lt, ItouKiii, (iiiil Sa.niii. ]i
Arts III' till' Aiiiilii-Sd.niiis, ]. :J7 -''/'/.
u.-i; i; J. dc r.avc, 'I'lir [lid list rial
-
Huron .1. (Ic l;a.vc. 'I'lir Iiiiliistrial Artx mthr A iniln-Saxmis, p. IC.
588 THE BROOCH.
Teutonic peoples wandered. As they are rare in Denmark,
it seems probable that the Angles had
Fig. 143. Bronze Celtic
Brooch, Suti'olk.
begun to use them at no long time before
they emigrated to England.
This is confirmed by the fjict that
among more than 60 fibulae found at
Thorsbjerg and nine from the Nydan find
there is not a single example of the cruciform
type.
disc-shaped brooches all
For with the exception of two
those from Thorsbjerg
are of the T-type, while the Nydan
examples are all of the long-nosed type with bilateral spring.
can be dated with
The deposits of Thorsbjerg and Nydam
from the Roman denarii found at the same
tolerable accuracy
time : those from the former place range from 69 A.]), to
Fic;. 141. Bronze enamel
Brooch, Weetin^, Norfolk.
common Romaiio-Biitish
19-ti A.D., whilst those fi'om the latter
extend from 69 a.d. to 217 A.D.'
The
cruciform type then was probably not
evolved until the fourth century A.D.
The cruciform Anglian brooches
are of bronze
;
a few are gilt or plated
with silver, a style of decoration not
found in the south of England ;
the rarest exception they
with
are never
garnished with precious stones.
But even in the Anglian area
circular brooches of vai'ions forms are
not uncommon. The specimen here
tifjured is from Suffolk-. But as
fibulae, such as Fig. 140, and circular
brooches are occasionally found in Saxon graves, it is possible
that these circular brooclies belonged to the conciuered
Britons.
We have thus seen that from one common centre in north
Italv are descended all the manifold variety of brooches found
Liinli'lisc^liuiidt, J)ii' Alti'i tliihinr iiiisirrr liridiiisi-livii Wir.cit, liiuiil I.
Heft >, Taf. s, Heft "'), 'I'af. S; Kniihlf and lM-aidi>, Horn,- rcnil,: