Philippians and Philemon - MR Vincent - 1906.pdf

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136 PHILIPPIANS [IV. 7 every human thought or device as a means of insuring tranquilHty of heart. The processes and combinations of human reasoning result only in continued doubt and anxiety. Mere reason cannot find a way out of perplexity. The mysterious dealings of God present problems which it cannot solve, and vhich only multiply its doubts and questionings. Within the sphere of God's peace all these are dismissed, and the spirit rests in the Lord, even where it cannot understand. A different and widely-accepted explanation is that of the Greek expositors : that the peace of God is so great and wonderful that it transcends the power of the human mind to understand it. So Ellic, Ril., Alf., Ead. Aug. and Theoph. add that even the angels cannot comprehend it. But this thought has no special relevancy here, while the other explanation is in entire harmony with the context. Comp. also I Cor. ii. 9-16. is the reflective intelligence ; in Paul, mostly as related to ethical and spiritual matters. It is the organ of the natural moral consciousness and knowledge of God (Rom. i. 20, 28, vii. 23). It is related to/as the faculty to the efficient power. Until renewed by the divine ., it cannot exercise right moral judg- ment (Rom. xii. 2); and although it may theoretically approve what is good, it cannot conform the practice of the life to its theory (Rom. vii. 25). It is this which is incapable of dealing with the painful and menacing facts of life in such a way as to afford rest. : ' shall guard.' A promise, not a prayer, ' may the peace of God guard,' as the Greek Fathers (Chr., however, says it may mean either), some of the older expositors, and Vulg. ' custodiat.' The word, which is a military term, in the N.T. is almost confined to Paul. (See i Pet. i. 5.) The metaphor is beautiful •— the peace of God as a sentinel mounting guard over a believer's heart. It suggests Tennyson's famihar Hues : " Love is and was my King and Lord, And will be, thougii as yet I keep Within his court on earth, and sleep Encompassed by his faithful guard, And hear at times a sentinel Who moves about from place to place, And whispers to the worlds of space, In the deep night, that all is well." All limitations of the promise, such as guarding from the power of Satan, from spiritual enemies, from evil thoughts, etc., are arbitrary. The promise is general, covering all conceivable occasions for fear or anxiety. " He teaches us the certain result of our prayers. He does not, indeed, promise that God will deliver us in this life entirely from calamities and straits, since he may have
IV. 7, 8] THE GUARDIANSHIP OF GOD'S PEACE 1 37 the best reasons for leaving us in this struggle of faith and patience with a view to his and our greater glory at the appearing of Christ : but he , does able than all (Schlichting). promise us that the good things which is greater and more desir- of this life — the peace of God" ras ' yOUr hearts and yOUf thoughts.' in the sense of the physical organ is not used in N.T. It is the centre of willing, feeling, and thinking. Never, like,to denote the individual subject of personal life, so as to be exchanged with the personal pronoun ; nor as,of the divine principle of life in man. Like our 'heart,' it denotes the seat of feeling, as contrasted with intelligence (Rom. ix. 2, X. I ; 2 Cor. ii. 4, vi. 11 ; Phil. i. 7). But not this only. It is also the seat of mental action— intelligence (Rom. i. 21 ; Eph. i. 18), and of moral choice (i Cor. vii. 37 ; 2 Cor. ix. 7). It gives impulse and character to action (Rom. vi. 17 ; Eph. vi. 5). It is the seat of the divine Spirit (Rom. v. 5 ; 2 Cor. i. 22 ; Gal. iv. 6), and the sphere of his operation in directing, comforting, establish- ing, etc. (Col. iii. 15 ; i Thess. iii. 13 ; 2 Thess. ii. 17, iii. 5). It is the seat of faith (Rom. x. 9), and of divine love (Rom. v. 5), and is the organ of spiritual praise (Col. iii. 16). ,only in Paul. Things which issue from the ; thoughts, acts of the will. Hence, of Satan's ' devices ' (2 Cor. ii. 11). (See 2 Cor. iii. 14, iv. 4, x. 5, xi. 3.) The two nouns are emphatically separated by the article and the personal pronoun attached to each. Calv.'s distinction between 5. and vo. as ' affections ' and * intelligence ' is unpauline. Neither are they to be taken as synonymous, nor as a popular and summary description of the spiritual life (De \V.). iv ^: As SO often, the sphere in which divine protection will be exercised. This^aij*me peace is assigned as guardian only to those who are in Christ (iii.. 9). Some, as De W., Ril., Kl., Weiss, explain: 'Shall keep your hearts in union with Christ.' So Theoph., (icrre .\ iv. : 8. 'finally.' (See on iii. .) Introducing the conclusion of the letter. No reference to iii. i, by way of resuming after a long digression ; nor does it introduce what remains for //lem to do in addition to God's protecting care (DeW,), since there is no indication of an antithesis. It prefaces an exhortation parallel with vs. 4-6, containing a summary of duties, to which is added a promise of the presence of the God of peace. The exhortation is not to the cultivation of distinct virtues as such (so Luth., Calv., Beza, Beng.), but each virtue represents general righteousness of life viewed on a particular side, the different sides ;
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-^ OF PR/*c^ •iloSKALSt»^ So
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t Itttnnational Cnfiral Commttitarg
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: THE INTERNATIONAL CRITICAL COMMEN
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Z^t 3nternaftonaf Criticaf Commenfd
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THE INTERNATIONAL CRITICAL COMMENmR
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if PREFACE The two epistles treated
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CONTENTS — THE EPISTLE OF ST. PAU
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INTRODUCTION burying-place, and was
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Xii INTRODUCTION The governors of t
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xiv INTRODUCTION According to Appia
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XVi INTRODUCTION The Romans became
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Xviii INTRODUCTION this deity have
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XX INTRODUCTION pride in his own ci
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xxii INTRODUCTION was a law of Clau
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xxiv INTRODUCTION to Thessalonica,
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XXVI INTRODUCTION epistles of Paul
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XXviii INTRODUCTION Phil. ii. 9). T
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XXX INTRODUCTION cient to account f
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XXXli INTRODUCTION The theory of tw
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XXxiv INTRODUCTION an expression of
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XXXvi INTRODUCTION lives according
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xxxvm TEXT SECONDARY UNCIALS K. Cod
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xl COMMENTARIES Le Clerc, Hyperius,
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xlii COMMENTARIES Karl BrAUNE : Die
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xliv ABBREVIATIONS Beng.
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TO THE PHILIPPIANS I. 1-11. THE PRO
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I. 1] THE PROLOGUE 3 established on
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I. 2, 3] THE PROLOGUE 5 and consequ
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I. 5, 6] THE PROLOGUE 7 ticipation
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I. 7] THE PROLOGUE 9 is to be of on
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I. 8, 9] THE PROLOGUE 1 passions, e
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I. 10] THE PROLOGUE 1 excel' (Matt.
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I. 11, 12] CAPTIVITY FURTHERS THE G
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I. 13, 14] THE ROMAN BRETHREN TAKE
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I. 15] THE ENVIOUS PREACHERS 1 denc
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I. 16, 17] THE ENVIOUS PREACHERS 21
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I. 18, 19] SALVATION THROUGH PERSEC
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I. 19, 20] CHRIST WILL BE MAGNIFIED
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I. 21, 22] WHETHER TO LIVE OR DIE ?
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I. 23, 24] TO BE WITH CHRIST IS BET
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I. 26] I SHALL ABIDE WITH YOU 3 is
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I, 27] IN ONE SPIRIT 33 would be fo
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I. 28, 29] THE GIFT OF SUFFERING 35
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I. 1] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 37 The th
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I. 1] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 39 an act
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I. 1] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 4 SiaKOvo
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I. 1] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 43 days i
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I. ] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 45 claimed
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I. ] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 47 that th
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I. ] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 49 mention
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1.13] NOTE ON Nothing is clearer th
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II. 1] EXHORTATION TO UNANIMITY, LO
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II. 2, 3] SHUN STRIFE AND VAINGLORY
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II. 5, 6] CHRIST THE EXAMPLE OF HUM
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. 6, 7] THE FORM OF A BONDSERVANT 5
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II. 8, 9] HUMILIATION ISSUED IN EXA
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II. 10, 11] JESUS CHRIST IS LORD 63
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II. 12] CARRY OUT YOUR OWN SALVATIO
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. 13-15] SHUN MURMURINGS AND QUESTI
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' 8€€ : twisted ' or ' distorte
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II. 17] THE LIBATION OF BLOOD /I /
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II. 19, 20] HE HOPES TO SEND TIMOTH
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II. 25] HE SENDS EPAPHRODITUS 75 Ho
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. 28-30] HAZARD OF LIFE FOR CHRIST'
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II. 6-11] ON II. 6-1 with the condi
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II. 6-11] ON II. 6-1 ^, as by Weiss
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II. 6-11] ON II. 6-1 The Greek Fath
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Page 147 and 148: II. 6-ll] ON II. 6-11 8/ sequence i
Page 149 and 150: II. 6-11] ON II. 6-1 refusing to in
Page 151 and 152: III. ] A WARNING AGAINST FALSE TEAC
Page 153 and 154: III. 2, 3] THE TRUE CIRCUMCISION 93
Page 155 and 156: III. 4] CONFIDENCE IN THE FLESH 95
Page 157 and 158: III. 5] A HEBREW OF HEBREWS 97 nati
Page 159 and 160: III. 6, 7] ALL LOST FOR CHRIST 99 i
Page 161 and 162: : III. 8, 9] collectively. ALL LOST
Page 163 and 164: III. 9, 10] THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF FA
Page 165 and 166: III. 10] FELLOWSHIP WITH CHRIST'S S
Page 167 and 168: III. 11, 12] NOT YET PERFECTED 10/
Page 169 and 170: III. 13] FORGETTING WHAT IS BEHIND
Page 171 and 172: III. 14] THE HEAVENWARD CALLING 1 1
Page 173 and 174: III. 15] DO NOT CEASE TO STRIVE II3
Page 175 and 176: III. 16, 17] IMITATE HOLY EXAMPLES
Page 177 and 178: 111.18,19] ENEMIES OF THE CROSS OF
Page 179 and 180: III. 20] THE HEAVENLY COMMONWEALTH
Page 181 and 182: III. 21] THE BODY OF CHRIST'S GLORY
Page 183 and 184: III. 8-10] RIGHTEOUSNESS BY FAITH 1
Page 189 and 190: IV. ] VARIOUS EXHORTATIONS TO UNITY
Page 191 and 192: IV. 2, 3] EUODIA, SYNTYCHE, AND SYN
Page 193 and 194: IV. 3-5] REJOICE AND FORBEAR 1 33 p
Page 195: IV. 6, 7] THE GUARDIANSHIP OF GOD'S
Page 199 and 200: IV. 8] TAKE ACCOUNT OF ALL GOOD THI
Page 201 and 202: IV, 9, 10] YOUR GIFT MADE ME GLAD I
Page 203 and 204: IV. 11, 12] SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN CHR
Page 205 and 206: IV. 12, 13] I CAN DO ALL THINGS I45
Page 207 and 208: IV. 15] THE FIRST TO HELP 1 47 15.
Page 209 and 210: IV. 16, 17] THE GIFT WILL ENRICH TH
Page 211 and 212: IV. 18, 19] GOD'S GLORIOUS SUPPLY 1
Page 213 and 214: IV. 21, 22] CLOSING SALUTATIONS 1 5
Page 215: THE EPISTLE OF ST. PAUL TO PHILEMON
Page 218 and 219: 158 INTRODUCTION The traditions whi
Page 220 and 221: 16 INTRODUCTION lines, inspired by
Page 222 and 223: 1 62 INTRODUCTION and Eusebius. Wha
Page 224 and 225: 1 64 INTRODUCTION and of the other
Page 226 and 227: 1 66 INTRODUCTION nor a hint of suc
Page 228 and 229: 1 68 INTRODUCTION impress of Christ
Page 231: TEXT See Introduction to Philippian
Page 235 and 236: TO PHILEMON THE SALUTATION 1-3. Pau
Page 237 and 238: 2-4] THE CHURCH IN THE HOUSE 1 77 s
Page 239 and 240: 5, 6] LOVE AND FAITH TO CHRIST AND
Page 241 and 242: 6, 7] THE BRETHREN'S HEART REFRESHE
Page 243 and 244: 8, 9] ENTREATY FOR LOVE'S SAKE 1 83
Page 245 and 246: 10, 11] THE PROFITABLE SLAVE 1 85 o
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13, 14] A FAVOR FREELY GRANTED 1 87
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16, 17] MORE THAN A SLAVE 1 89 Phil
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19-22] REFRESH MY HEART I9I respons
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2] THE CHURCH IN THY HOUSE 193 He r
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Achaia, xi. Acts, date of, 41. INDE
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Klopper, ., on the date of the Phil
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^, P. 14. yw, P. 5, 9. INDEX OF GRE
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,1, 27, ii. 1 7, iii. 9; P. 5. INDE
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