Philippians and Philemon - MR Vincent - 1906.pdf

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xiv INTRODUCTION According to Appian {Bell. Civ. iv. 105), Krenides was also known as Datos or Daton. This statement has been too hastily set down as an error, largely on the authority of Leake (iV. Greece, iii. 223. See Lightf., Philip., p. 47 ; Rawlinson, Herodotus, on ix. 75). It appears that Daton was a Thasian town near the Strymonic Gulf, and was the centre of the continental possessions of the Thasians. According to Strabo (vii. frag. 36), Neapolis was a dependency of Daton. The name of the town passed into a proverb, as a place endowed with all good things. The proba- bility is that the first Thasian colony of Daton originally extended up to the plain of Krenides, and included it in its territory, but had fallen into the hands of the northern barbarians. About 360 B.C. the Thasians, aided by the banished Athenian orator Callistratus, with some Athenian adventurers, founded a new colony at Krenides under the old name. The year 360, which followed the arrival of Callistratus at Thasos, is noted by Diod. Sic. (xvi. 3) as the date of the occupation of the mines of Krenides by the Thasians. It is an interesting fact that the coins struck by the Thasians on the occasion of reviving the mines of Krenides, and which bore the head of the Thasian Hercules, the tripod (the symbol of foundation) and the legend2 ,were preserved by the city of Philippi with only a change of inscription (see Heuzey and Daumet, Mission Arche- ologique de Macedoine, p. 60 ff. Comp. Curtius, Hist. Greece, Trans, v. 53). The site was between the rivers Strymon and Nestus, and an- swered, geographically, to the basin of the Angites (Hdt. vii. 113), which issued from the right bank of the Strymon, and formed, two leagues from the sea, the lake Kerkinitis. The basin might rather be described as a plain, now known as the plain of Drama, and framed on every side by mountains. The vast masses of Pangseus separated it from the sea; but at one point the range was de- pressed, affording easy access to the gulf where now the Turkish harbor of Kavala, the ancient Neapolis, opens, opposite to the island of Thasos. Thrace contained rich deposits of gold. Golden particles from Haemus were borne down by the waters of the Hebrus, and the Pgeonian laborers, according to Strabo (vii. frag. 35), turned them up with their ploughshares. But the treasures of Pangseus and of
INTRODUCTION XV the mountains adjoining Krenides surpassed all others in richness. Gold-mining was the principal industry of the region for a long series of years ; and from the time that the treasures of the mountains were first brought to light by the Phoenicians, they played an important part in the history of the northern kingdoms. The feverish greed for gain did not promote the advance of civilisa- tion ; agricultural and commercial interests suffered, and the rapa- city of foreign invaders was stimulated. The Thasians, at the instigation of CaUistratus, in the year before the accession of Philip of Macedon, penetrated into the interior to the plain of the Angites, and revived Kxenides as a centre of mining operations. But the assaults of the Thracians upon the new colony soon compelled it to seek the assistance of Philip. He drove back the Thracians, annexed to Macedonia all the country as far as the Nestus, and built a fortress which became the centre of the mining district. He also gave the place his own name, Philippi. The plural form of the name seems to indicate that the new town, at the time when it fell into his hands, was composed of several distinct groups of dweUings defended by detached works for the protection of the miners, and not by a common and continuous enceinte. A fort on the hill which commanded the defile was a necessity. Under the protection of this work it was sufficient to bar the defile by a temporary wall in order to allow an important group of dwellings to be erected at the foot of the rocks. Philip improved the region, drying up the marshes and laying out roads, and Theophrastus {^Causae Plantarum, v. 14) relates that by these works the climate was perceptibly modified. The gold-mining industry yielded to Philip an annual revenue of a thousand talents, — a treasure which furnished him with the means of establishing and maintaining a navy, and which was quite as potent as his army in securing the future triumphs of Macedonia. " The gold of Krenides spread itself over Greece, preceding the phalanx hke an advance-guard, and opening more gates than the battering-rams and catapults" (Heuzey). On the mines, see Curtius, Hist. Greece, v. 52; Appian, Bell. Civ., iv. 106; Boeckh, Public Economy of Athens ; Heuzey and Daumet, Mission Archeolo- gique. See especially their interesting description of the rock formations of Philippi, and the comparison with the auriferous rocks of California (p. 55 fF.). On mining under the Romans, Marquardt, Rom. Staatsverwaltung, Bd. ii. 24s, 252-258.
Page 2: -^ OF PR/*c^ •iloSKALSt»^ So
Page 9 and 10: t Itttnnational Cnfiral Commttitarg
Page 11 and 12: : THE INTERNATIONAL CRITICAL COMMEN
Page 13: Z^t 3nternaftonaf Criticaf Commenfd
Page 17 and 18: THE INTERNATIONAL CRITICAL COMMENmR
Page 19 and 20: if PREFACE The two epistles treated
Page 21: CONTENTS — THE EPISTLE OF ST. PAU
Page 24 and 25: INTRODUCTION burying-place, and was
Page 26 and 27: Xii INTRODUCTION The governors of t
Page 30 and 31: XVi INTRODUCTION The Romans became
Page 32 and 33: Xviii INTRODUCTION this deity have
Page 34 and 35: XX INTRODUCTION pride in his own ci
Page 36 and 37: xxii INTRODUCTION was a law of Clau
Page 38 and 39: xxiv INTRODUCTION to Thessalonica,
Page 40 and 41: XXVI INTRODUCTION epistles of Paul
Page 42 and 43: XXviii INTRODUCTION Phil. ii. 9). T
Page 44 and 45: XXX INTRODUCTION cient to account f
Page 46 and 47: XXXli INTRODUCTION The theory of tw
Page 48 and 49: XXxiv INTRODUCTION an expression of
Page 50 and 51: XXXvi INTRODUCTION lives according
Page 52 and 53: xxxvm TEXT SECONDARY UNCIALS K. Cod
Page 54 and 55: xl COMMENTARIES Le Clerc, Hyperius,
Page 56 and 57: xlii COMMENTARIES Karl BrAUNE : Die
Page 58 and 59: xliv ABBREVIATIONS Beng.
Page 61 and 62: TO THE PHILIPPIANS I. 1-11. THE PRO
Page 63 and 64: I. 1] THE PROLOGUE 3 established on
Page 65 and 66: I. 2, 3] THE PROLOGUE 5 and consequ
Page 67 and 68: I. 5, 6] THE PROLOGUE 7 ticipation
Page 69 and 70: I. 7] THE PROLOGUE 9 is to be of on
Page 71 and 72: I. 8, 9] THE PROLOGUE 1 passions, e
Page 73 and 74: I. 10] THE PROLOGUE 1 excel' (Matt.
Page 75 and 76: I. 11, 12] CAPTIVITY FURTHERS THE G
Page 77 and 78: I. 13, 14] THE ROMAN BRETHREN TAKE
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I. 15] THE ENVIOUS PREACHERS 1 denc
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I. 16, 17] THE ENVIOUS PREACHERS 21
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I. 18, 19] SALVATION THROUGH PERSEC
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I. 19, 20] CHRIST WILL BE MAGNIFIED
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I. 21, 22] WHETHER TO LIVE OR DIE ?
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I. 23, 24] TO BE WITH CHRIST IS BET
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I. 26] I SHALL ABIDE WITH YOU 3 is
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I, 27] IN ONE SPIRIT 33 would be fo
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I. 28, 29] THE GIFT OF SUFFERING 35
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I. 1] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 37 The th
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I. 1] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 39 an act
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I. 1] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 4 SiaKOvo
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I. 1] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 43 days i
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I. ] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 45 claimed
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I. ] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 47 that th
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I. ] BISHOPS AND DEACONS 49 mention
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1.13] NOTE ON Nothing is clearer th
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II. 1] EXHORTATION TO UNANIMITY, LO
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II. 2, 3] SHUN STRIFE AND VAINGLORY
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II. 5, 6] CHRIST THE EXAMPLE OF HUM
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. 6, 7] THE FORM OF A BONDSERVANT 5
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II. 8, 9] HUMILIATION ISSUED IN EXA
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II. 10, 11] JESUS CHRIST IS LORD 63
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II. 12] CARRY OUT YOUR OWN SALVATIO
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. 13-15] SHUN MURMURINGS AND QUESTI
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' 8€€ : twisted ' or ' distorte
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II. 17] THE LIBATION OF BLOOD /I /
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II. 19, 20] HE HOPES TO SEND TIMOTH
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II. 25] HE SENDS EPAPHRODITUS 75 Ho
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. 28-30] HAZARD OF LIFE FOR CHRIST'
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II. 6-11] ON II. 6-1 with the condi
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II. 6-11] ON II. 6-1 ^, as by Weiss
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II. 6-11] ON II. 6-1 The Greek Fath
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II. 6-11] ON . 6-1 said that he wou
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II. 6-ll] ON II. 6-11 8/ sequence i
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II. 6-11] ON II. 6-1 refusing to in
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III. ] A WARNING AGAINST FALSE TEAC
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III. 2, 3] THE TRUE CIRCUMCISION 93
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III. 4] CONFIDENCE IN THE FLESH 95
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III. 5] A HEBREW OF HEBREWS 97 nati
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III. 6, 7] ALL LOST FOR CHRIST 99 i
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: III. 8, 9] collectively. ALL LOST
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III. 9, 10] THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF FA
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III. 10] FELLOWSHIP WITH CHRIST'S S
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III. 11, 12] NOT YET PERFECTED 10/
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III. 13] FORGETTING WHAT IS BEHIND
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III. 14] THE HEAVENWARD CALLING 1 1
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III. 15] DO NOT CEASE TO STRIVE II3
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III. 16, 17] IMITATE HOLY EXAMPLES
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111.18,19] ENEMIES OF THE CROSS OF
Page 179 and 180:
III. 20] THE HEAVENLY COMMONWEALTH
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III. 21] THE BODY OF CHRIST'S GLORY
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III. 8-10] RIGHTEOUSNESS BY FAITH 1
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IV. ] VARIOUS EXHORTATIONS TO UNITY
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IV. 2, 3] EUODIA, SYNTYCHE, AND SYN
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IV. 3-5] REJOICE AND FORBEAR 1 33 p
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IV. 6, 7] THE GUARDIANSHIP OF GOD'S
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IV. 7, 8] THE GUARDIANSHIP OF GOD'S
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IV. 8] TAKE ACCOUNT OF ALL GOOD THI
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IV, 9, 10] YOUR GIFT MADE ME GLAD I
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IV. 11, 12] SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN CHR
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IV. 12, 13] I CAN DO ALL THINGS I45
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IV. 15] THE FIRST TO HELP 1 47 15.
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IV. 16, 17] THE GIFT WILL ENRICH TH
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IV. 18, 19] GOD'S GLORIOUS SUPPLY 1
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IV. 21, 22] CLOSING SALUTATIONS 1 5
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THE EPISTLE OF ST. PAUL TO PHILEMON
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158 INTRODUCTION The traditions whi
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16 INTRODUCTION lines, inspired by
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1 62 INTRODUCTION and Eusebius. Wha
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1 64 INTRODUCTION and of the other
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1 66 INTRODUCTION nor a hint of suc
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1 68 INTRODUCTION impress of Christ
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TEXT See Introduction to Philippian
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TO PHILEMON THE SALUTATION 1-3. Pau
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2-4] THE CHURCH IN THE HOUSE 1 77 s
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5, 6] LOVE AND FAITH TO CHRIST AND
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6, 7] THE BRETHREN'S HEART REFRESHE
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8, 9] ENTREATY FOR LOVE'S SAKE 1 83
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10, 11] THE PROFITABLE SLAVE 1 85 o
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13, 14] A FAVOR FREELY GRANTED 1 87
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16, 17] MORE THAN A SLAVE 1 89 Phil
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19-22] REFRESH MY HEART I9I respons
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2] THE CHURCH IN THY HOUSE 193 He r
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Achaia, xi. Acts, date of, 41. INDE
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Klopper, ., on the date of the Phil
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^, P. 14. yw, P. 5, 9. INDEX OF GRE
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,1, 27, ii. 1 7, iii. 9; P. 5. INDE
Page 268:
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