(Netter Basic Science) Frank H. Netter - Atlas of Human Anatomy-Elsevier (2018)

Muscles of Respiration
Muscles of inspiration
Accessory
Sternocleidomastoid
(elevates sternum)
Muscles of expiration
Quiet breathing
Expiration results from
passive recoil of lungs
and rib cage
Scalene muscles
Anterior
Middle
Posterior
(elevate and fix
upper ribs)
Principal
External intercostals,
most superficial
(elevate ribs, thus
increasing width of
thoracic cavity and
aiding deep inspiration)
Interchondral parts
of internal
intercostals are deep to
external intercostals (also
elevate ribs and aid
external intercostals
with deep inspiration)
Respiratory diaphragm
(domes descend, thus
increasing vertical
dimension of thoracic
cavity; also elevates
lower ribs)
Active breathing
Internal intercostal
muscles, except
interchondral part (aid
forced expiration)
Abdominals (depress
lower ribs, compress
abdominal contents,
thus pushing up
respiratory diaphragm,
aiding forced expiration)
Rectus abdominis
External abdominal
oblique muscle
Internal abdominal
oblique muscle
Transversus
abdominis muscle
Plate BP47
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