]; PhiGradEvan[x_, t_, w_, k_, opts___Rule] := If[(Shape/.{opts}/.Options[Phi]) === Gauss, Message[Phi::miss<strong>in</strong>gval], PhiGradEvan[x,t,w,k,1,opts]]; (*-- outside the tunnel --*) (* Note that <strong>in</strong> this case the spatial coord<strong>in</strong>ate is <strong>in</strong>verted <strong>in</strong> the function calls because of the <strong>re</strong>verse motion of the <strong>re</strong>flected wave. *) PhiRef[x_, t_, w_, k_, n_?Positive, opts___Rule] := Module[{sh = Shape/. {opts}/.Options[Phi], pt = PPo<strong>in</strong>ts/.{opts}/.Options[Phi]}, Switch[sh, Rect, RectTransTemp[RectRefPos,RectRefNeg,-x,t,w,k,opts] + EvanTemp[RectRefEvan[-t,0,-x,0,w,k],RectConst[w,k],opts], Tria, TriaTransTemp[TriaRefPos,TriaRefNeg,-x,t,w,k,opts] + EvanTemp[TriaRefEvan[-t,0,-x,0,w,k],TriaConst[w,k],opts], Gauss, Switch[pt, Approximate, GaussTransTemp[GaussRefPos,GaussRefNeg,-x,t,w,k,n,opts] + EvanTemp[GaussRefEvan[-t,Pi k/Sqrt[w],-x,-Pi k,w,k,n], GaussConst[w,k,n],opts], Truncate, GaussTransTruncTemp[GaussRefPos,GaussRefNeg,-x,t,w,k,n,opts] + GaussEvanTruncTemp[GaussRefEvan[-t,Pi k/Sqrt[w],-x,-Pi k,w,k,n], w,k,n,opts], _, Message[Phi::<strong>in</strong>validpart,pt]], _, Message[Phi::<strong>in</strong>validshape,sh] ] ]; PhiRef[x_, t_, w_, k_, opts___Rule] := If[(Shape/.{opts}/.Options[Phi]) === Gauss, Message[Phi::miss<strong>in</strong>gval], PhiRef[x,t,w,k,1,opts]]; PhiInc[x_, t_, w_, k_, n_?Positive, opts___Rule] := Module[{sh = Shape/. {opts}/.Options[Phi], pt = PPo<strong>in</strong>ts/.{opts}/.Options[Phi]}, Switch[sh, Rect, RectTransTemp[RectIncPos,RectIncNeg,x,t,w,k,opts] + EvanTemp[RectIncEvan[-t,0,x,0,w,k],RectConst[w,k],opts], Tria, TriaTransTemp[TriaIncPos,TriaIncNeg,x,t,w,k,opts] + EvanTemp[TriaIncEvan[-t,0,x,0,w,k],TriaConst[w,k],opts], Gauss, Switch[pt, Approximate, GaussTransTemp[GaussIncPos,GaussIncNeg,x,t,w,k,n,opts] + EvanTemp[GaussIncEvan[-t,Pi k/Sqrt[w],x,-Pi k,w,k,n], GaussConst[w,k,n],opts], Truncate, GaussTransTruncTemp[GaussIncPos,GaussIncNeg,x,t,w,k,n,opts] + GaussEvanTruncTemp[GaussIncEvan[-t,Pi k/Sqrt[w],x,-Pi k,w,k,n], w,k,n,opts], _, Message[Phi::<strong>in</strong>validpart,pt]], _, Message[Phi::<strong>in</strong>validshape,sh] ] ]; PhiInc[x_, t_, w_, k_, opts___Rule] := If[(Shape/.{opts}/.Options[Phi]) === Gauss, Message[Phi::miss<strong>in</strong>gval], PhiInc[x,t,w,k,1,opts]]; Phi[x_, t_, w_, k_, n_?Positive, opts___Rule] := Which[t == 0 && x == 0 && (Shape/.{opts}/.Options[Phi]) === Rect, 0.5, t < 0, 0, x >= 0, PhiEvan[x,t,w,k,n,opts] + PhiTrans[x,t,w,k,n,opts], x < 0, PhiInc[x,t,w,k,n,opts] + PhiRef[x,t,w,k,n,opts]]; Phi[x_, t_, w_, k_, opts___Rule] := If[(Shape/.{opts}/.Options[Phi]) === Gauss, Message[Phi::miss<strong>in</strong>gval], Phi[x,t,w,k,1,opts]]; PhiGrad[x_, t_, w_, k_, n_?Positive,opts___Rule] := If[x < 0 || t < 0 || x == 0 && t == 0, 0, PhiGradEvan[x,t,w,k,n,opts] + PhiGradTrans[x,t,w,k,n,opts]]; 228 A Mathematica packages
A.3 Solutions for the squa<strong>re</strong> barrier PhiGrad[x_, t_, w_, k_, opts___Rule] := If[x < 0 || t < 0 || x == 0 && t == 0, 0, PhiGradEvan[x,t,w,k,opts] + PhiGradTrans[x,t,w,k,opts]]; End[] SetAttributes[PhiTrans, ReadProtected] SetAttributes[PhiGradTrans, ReadProtected] SetAttributes[PhiEvan, ReadProtected] SetAttributes[PhiGradEvan, ReadProtected] SetAttributes[PhiRef, ReadProtected] SetAttributes[PhiInc, ReadProtected] SetAttributes[Phi, ReadProtected] SetAttributes[PhiGrad, ReadProtected] (* Protect[PhiTrans, PhiGradTrans, PhiEvan, PhiGradEvan] Protect[PhiRef, PhiInc, Phi, PhiGrad] *) EndPackage[] A.3 Solutions for the squa<strong>re</strong> barrier The package Gauss was written to compute the solutions of the Schrod<strong>in</strong>ger equation for the tunnell<strong>in</strong>g of an electron through a squa<strong>re</strong> barrier (section 4.6). The <strong>in</strong>itial shape of the wave packet is Gaussian. The details of the implementation a<strong>re</strong> not t<strong>re</strong>ated <strong>in</strong> p<strong>re</strong>vious chapters, however the structu<strong>re</strong> is identical to that of Tunnel. (* Copyright: Copyright 1997, Institute of Computertechnology, *) (* Vienna University of Technology *) (*:Version: Mathematica 2.2.3 *) (*:Title: Gauss *) (*:Author: Thilo Sauter *) (*:Keywords: Tunnel Effect *) (*:Requi<strong>re</strong>ments: None. *) (*:Warn<strong>in</strong>gs: None so far *) (*:Packages: OscInt *) (*:Summary: This package computes the solutions of the time-dependent Schroed<strong>in</strong>ger equation for an <strong>in</strong>itially Gaussian wave packet tunnell<strong>in</strong>g through a squa<strong>re</strong> barrier. It is based on the same structu<strong>re</strong> as the package Tunnel. The wave <strong>in</strong>tegrals a<strong>re</strong> computed by truncation of the <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>ite <strong>in</strong>tegration range. *) (*:History: 31-10-1997 written *) Beg<strong>in</strong>Package["Gauss`", "OscInt`"] Phi::usage = "Phi[x,t,w,k,n,l,(opts)] <strong>re</strong>turns the wave function of an <strong>in</strong>itially Gaussian wave packet at a given coord<strong>in</strong>ate <strong>in</strong> space and time. The squa<strong>re</strong> barrier is supposed to span the <strong>in</strong>terval x=0 to x=l. Depend<strong>in</strong>g on the spatial coord<strong>in</strong>ate the function either <strong>re</strong>turns the sum of <strong>in</strong>cident and <strong>re</strong>flected wave, the portion of the wave <strong>in</strong>side the tunnel, or the transmitted wave. The parameter w is the ratio of the carrier f<strong>re</strong>quency of the <strong>in</strong>cident wave and the characteristic f<strong>re</strong>quency of the barrier. For tunnell<strong>in</strong>g, 0
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DISSERTATION Wave Propagation in Li
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Kurzfassung Seit der Entdeckung des
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Nullum est iam dictum, quod non sit
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Preface Our popular writers and rep
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the quest for superluminality and t
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Contents Part I Wave propagation ph
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7.3.4 PartitionPoints . . . . . . .
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Part I Wave propagation phenomena S
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1.1 Phase and group velocity 1.1 Ph
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1.1 Phase and group velocity ! !c v
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1.2 A few notes on dispersion He co
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1.2 A few notes on dispersion v/c 6
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1.3 Signal velocity dipoles with a
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1.3 Signal velocity The arbitrarine
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1.4 Energy velocity For electromagn
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1.5 Other velocity de nitions For n
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1.5 Other velocity de nitions evide
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2.1 Superluminal wave propagation 2
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2.1 Superluminal wave propagation a
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2.1 Superluminal wave propagation t
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2.2 Quantum mechanical tunnelling e
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2.2 Quantum mechanical tunnelling R
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Chapter 3 Wave propagation in elect
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3.1 Model of a transmission line th
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3.2 Excursion: a delay line section
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3.3 Re ection due to termination mi
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3.4 A simple thought experiment I0
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3.5 A dispersive system: the lossle
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3.5 A dispersive system: the lossle
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3.5 A dispersive system: the lossle
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3.6 Inhomogeneous transmission line
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3.7 Turn-on e ects in a lossless pl
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3.7 Turn-on e ects in a lossless pl
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3.7 Turn-on e ects in a lossless pl
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3.7 Turn-on e ects in a lossless pl
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3.7 Turn-on e ects in a lossless pl
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3.7 Turn-on e ects in a lossless pl
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3.8 Turn-on e ects in a wave guide
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3.8 Turn-on e ects in a wave guide
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3.9 A Gaussian pulse in plasma Like
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3.9 A Gaussian pulse in plasma 250
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3.9 A Gaussian pulse in plasma 250
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3.9 A Gaussian pulse in plasma Note
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4.1 The potential step 4.1 The pote
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4.1 The potential step Inside the b
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4.2 Initial wave forms -60 -50 -40
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4.2 Initial wave forms -60 -50 -40
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4.3 Examples of scattering processe
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4.3 Examples of scattering processe
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4.3 Examples of scattering processe
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4.3 Examples of scattering processe
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4.3 Examples of scattering processe
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4.3 Examples of scattering processe
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4.4 The square barrier they have va
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4.4 The square barrier 1 0.8 0.6 0.
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4.5 Tunnelling time de nitions for
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4.5 Tunnelling time de nitions for
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events P
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events 2
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events -
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events t
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events P
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events 8
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events 8
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events 7
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4.6 Examples of tunnelling events T
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Interlude Wave functions in graphic
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Wave functions in graphical represe
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Part II Numerical aspects of wave e
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5.1 Univariate numerical quadrature
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5.1 Univariate numerical quadrature
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5.2 Convergence acceleration one, t
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5.2 Convergence acceleration (1) ,1
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6.1 Partitioning the integration in
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6.1 Partitioning the integration in
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6.1 Partitioning the integration in
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6.2 Choosing the rst partition poin
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6.3 How to compute the rst integral
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6.3 How to compute the rst integral
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6.4 Asymptotic partition consuming
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6.4 Asymptotic partition of the int
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6.5 Considerations for a Mathematic
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6.5 Considerations for a Mathematic
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6.5 Considerations for a Mathematic
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6.6 Controlling the accuracy of the
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6.6 Controlling the accuracy of the
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6.6 Controlling the accuracy of the
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Chapter 7 Mathematica implementatio
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7.1 User interface of the function
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7.3 Implementation of OscInt and re
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7.3 Implementation of OscInt and re
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7.3 Implementation of OscInt and re
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7.3 Implementation of OscInt and re
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7.4 Auxiliary functions While[itera
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7.4 Auxiliary functions Linear appr
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- Page 253 and 254: Bibliography Bibliography [1] James
- Page 255 and 256: Bibliography [29] Kurt Edmund Oughs
- Page 257 and 258: Bibliography [59] Ch. Spielmann, R.
- Page 259 and 260: Bibliography [91] C. R. Leavens and
- Page 261 and 262: Bibliography [123] T. O. Espelid an
- Page 263 and 264: Index Index absorption, 7, 9 accura
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- Page 267: Curriculum vitae Dipl.-Ing. Thilo S