Interim report of the HELCOM CORESET project

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210 Balanus improvisus Baltic Kattegat Belt Sea Eriocheir sinensis Gulf of Bothnia BPL=0 BPL=1 BPL=2 BPL=3 Gulf of Finland Gulf of Riga Baltic Proper Bay of Gdansk Curonian Lagoon Cercopagis pengoi Oder Lagoon Carassius Vistula Figure 5.2. Biopollution level for some of the assessed non-indigenous species, which are either widely spread in the assessment area, the Baltic Sea or have strong impacts in some of the sub-regions of the sea.
GES and classifi cation method A problem related to non-indigenous species is that once a marine organism has been introduced and established in a new environment it is nearly impossible to eradicate it. The consequence is that assessing a status of an area as bad depending on the presence of invasive species means that the area will stay in a bad status without a possibility of improvement. The goal is to minimize human mediated introductions of non-indigenous species. GES boundary for non-indigenous species should be ‘no new introductions’. For the indicator in question the GES boundary should be ‘No new non-indigenous species with known impacts’. This means that when an assessment is made only the species, which have been introduced after the previous assessment will be taken into account. GES is met when further impacts from NIS are minimized, with the ultimate goal of no adverse alterations to the ecosystems. A contrasting point against the assessment of new arrivals only is that some NIS are known not to cause any impacts for a long time and when environmental conditions change they suddenly become invasive. Hence at least the species that were shown to have BPL≤1 should be reassessed. Furthermore, 6 years does not even leave enough time for research on impacts in situ. Increasing biopollution indicates additional stress for the ecosystem. It is a signal of failed management concerning introductions of NIS. Methodology for indicator calculation The assessment is performed on 4 levels; 1. abundance and distribution (ADR) 2. impacts on communities 3. impacts on habitats 4. impacts on ecosystem functioning and should be delivered on a defi ned aquatic area (e.g. a coastal lagoon, offshore sand bank, or even entire sub-basins) and for a defi ned period of time. After ADR is estimated, it is related to the magnitude of bioinvasion impacts, in order to reach the biopollution level index ranging from 0 to 4: (0) no impact (1) weak impact (2) moderate impact (3) strong impact (4) massive impact. 211
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Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings
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2 Helsinki Commission Katajanokanla
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4 4.16. Cumulative impact on benthi
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6 descriptions of the indicators. T
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8 The CORESET expert group on biodi
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10 fi sh stocks and change in diet,
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12 Figure 2.3. The prevalence of pr
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14 Seasonal changes in blubber thic
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16 Blubber thickness suggestions Bl
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18 Weaknesses/gaps Monitoring of th
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20 2.3. Population growth rate of m
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22 Annual adult survival 1 0,95 0,9
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24 Existing monitoring data Informa
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26 References Bäcklin, B. M. 2011.
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28 Reproduction in the Baltic eagle
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30 Breeding success The proportion
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32 of the real number of nestlings
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34 Gaps and weaknesses Minimum dete
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36 2.5. Abundance of wintering popu
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38 Table 2.10. Pressures affecting
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40 Refrences Skov et al. (2000) Bir
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42 termined by application of the 7
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44 Approach for defi ning GES All s
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46 Sampling It is suggested to incl
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48 2.7. Fish population abundance 2
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50 Coastal Fish - Community Abundan
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52 When a reference data set cannot
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54 well, but were not included in t
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56 Weighting For Nordic Costal mult
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58 12. Current monitoring Monitored
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60 Błeńska M., Osowiecki A., Kra
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62 10. Spatial considerations Fucus
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64 2.15. Trend in the arrival of ne
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66 jectives is to reach “No intro
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68 Sweden Figure 2.23 shows the rat
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70 Strengths and weaknesses of data
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72 need to be revisited in light of
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74 Considering the data set availab
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76 In Denmark, the highest contamin
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78 Status of a compound on internat
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80 A temporal analysis (EU-RAR 2006
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82 Pathways of PFOS to the Baltic e
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84 In regions less affected by anth
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86 3.4. Polychlorinated biphenyls a
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88 actions related to the environme
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90 The CORESET expert group decided
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92 pheric deposition pattern (lowes
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94 3.5. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (
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96 GES boundaries and matrix Existi
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98 Quality Assurance of PAH metabol
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100 Ariese F, Burgers I, Oudhoff K,
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102 GES boundaries and matrices Exi
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104 3.7. Cesium-137 Authors: Jürge
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106 Figure 3.5. Average surface lev
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108 Temporal trends in concentratio
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110 Other important sources are glo
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112 Conceptual model of the sources
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114 3.8 Tributyltin (TBT) and the i
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116 GES boundaries and matrix Exist
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118 Monitoring the compound Status
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120 Recommendation TBT measurements
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122 3. Frogs have been shown to app
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124 not fi sh (Köhler et al. 2002;
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126 The use of different fi sh spec
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128 Kirchin, M.A. Moore, M.N. Dean,
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130 3.11. Fish Disease Index: Exter
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132 Confounding factors The multifa
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134 analyses ICES data from various
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136 An EAC is the threshold beyond
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138 3.12. Micronucleus test Authors
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140 main nuclei were not counted as
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142 ing national data sets. Note: t
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144 Baršienė J. Rybakovas A. 2006
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146 3.13 A. Reproductive disorders
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148 dead larvae can be induced by s
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150 Strand, J, Dahllöf, I. (2005).
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152 of contaminants in sediments wi
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154 Eriksson Wiklund, A-K., and Sun
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156 4. Candidate indicators for bio
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158 Zooplankton-phytoplankton bioma
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Page 172 and 173: 170 4.10. Large fi sh individuals f
Page 174 and 175: 172 11. Temporal considerations Sam
Page 180 and 181: 178 A proposal for an approach to a
Page 182 and 183: 180 Technical data Metadata This is
Page 184 and 185: 182 F igure 4.1. Map showing the cu
Page 186 and 187: 184 4.17. Biomass of copepods 1. Wo
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Page 192 and 193: 190 Notes for the GES boundary The
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Page 202 and 203: 200 4.27. EROD/CYP1A induction The
Page 204 and 205: 202 5.1. Summary of all supplementa
Page 206 and 207: 204 Table 5.1. (continues) Suppleme
Page 208 and 209: 206 5.5. Biopollution level index 1
Page 210 and 211: 208 NIS for aquaculture purposes. O
Page 214 and 215: 212 Figure 5.3. The scheme for asse
Page 216 and 217: 214 5.6. Organochlorine compounds G
Page 218 and 219: 216 EU Directive 2008/105/ EC Daugh
Page 220 and 221: 218 Table 5.4. Monitoring of HCB, H
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