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At the fair ‘Heimtextil 2006’, the German bed-linen manufacturers, Waldenburger Bettwaren GmbH introduced their new brand ‘Comfort-line by Walburga’, a heat regulating bedlinen. A fine mesh, which comprises a balanced mixture of polyester microfibres and cotton, is lined on one side with a flexible ‘Climarelle’ temperature-regulating fleece. This fleece contains millions of microscopic little PCM capsules whose job it is to regulate the temperature. Fig. 98 Bed fleece of the Comfort-line by Wallburga [182] 2.4.4.2 Patents published 2.4.5 Applications in the technical textile sector 2.4.5.1 Research projects and products The Belgian company Devan chemicals is specialised in micro encapsulation technology in textiles. The microcapsules may contain fragrances, moisturisers, vitamins or essential oils in microscopic spheres. Typically, the sizes of the microcapsules range between 3 to 8µm. The release of the capsule’s content is triggered either by gentle rubbing of a coated area or by wearing a capsule treated garment. Fig. 99 Microcapsule [183] A team of researchers at the University of Illinois, USA, has recently developed a synthetic material that can heal itself [184]. The idea was inspired by biological systems in which damage triggers an 107
automatic healing response. The material consists of a micro-encapsulated healing agent and a special catalyst embedded in a structural composite matrix. When the material cracks, the microcapsules rupture and release the healing agent into the damaged region through capillary action. As the healing agent contacts the embedded catalyst, polymerisation is initiated which then bonds the crack face closed. In recent fracture tests, the self-healed composite recovered as much as 75% of their original strength. As microcracks are the precursors to structural failure, the ability to heal them will enable structures that last longer and require less maintenance. The currently used spheres, measure about 100µm in diameter. Larger spheres could weaken the composite matrix. A research group at the Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunstoff-Forschung e.V. (TITK) developed PCM-Lyocell fibres. They added microencapsulated paraffin’s to the spinning dope before the spinning process. The researchers see possible application fields next to temperature regulating clothes, also in blankets used for rescue missions and in the field of construction for the climate control of rooms by integrating PCM-fibres in on-wall or wallpaper [185]. 2.4.5.2 Patents published In 1988, Triangle Research and Development Corporation published a patent (US patent 4756958) concerning the production of a fibre with integrated microspheres filled with phase changing materials with thermal controlling properties. The fibres can be woven in order to produce a fabric possessing enhanced thermal storage properties. 2.5 Shape memory materials 2.5.1 Description Shape memory materials are materials that can revert from their current shape to a previously held shape, usually due to the action of heat. In addition, they show a highly elastic behaviour in a certain temperature range. Shape memory materials are applied in textiles in form of alloys, polymers or gels. Alloys The Swedish physicist Arne Oelander discovered an interesting phenomenon while he was working with an alloy of gold and cadmium in 1932. The Au-Cd alloy could be deformed in its cold state and 108
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Clevertex Development of a strategi
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Table of Content 2.3.1 Description
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Against this background, the presen
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A search to the first intelligent t
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Besides metal fibres and yarns also
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Fig. 1 Diagram of the bundle drawin
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However, they cannot provide unifor
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The Textile Research Institute of T
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Researchers at the Electronics Depa
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ergonomic comfort, and high piëzor
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mp3players and mobile phones. They
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The American-based company Logitech
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2.1.3.1.2 Stretch sensors Stretch s
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However, next to monitoring device
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substrate and fabricated at high pr
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Fig. 17 Structure of a Personal hea
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A first step towards wearable elect
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The Finnish company Clothing+ relea
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textile keypad has been developed b
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Fig. 28 Snowboard glove with integr
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purchase to be recorded at the leve
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This project juxtaposes electricity
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Additionally, XS Labs, a design res
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y pressing the ”+” and ”-”
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Philips published a patent on defor
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Heating and cooling jacket Fig. 43
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• the inner layer is made of Cool
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Fig. 47 SmartShirt Texile Platform
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problem should be taken care of at
Page 63 and 64: the result of the coupled conductiv
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 54 The smart second skin [120]
Page 67 and 68: exercises. The data base analyses t
Page 69 and 70: power and ground planes, the circui
Page 71 and 72: especially in carpets. In this case
Page 73 and 74: construction, an extra wire is need
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 67 FiberThermics® by Thermoso
Page 77 and 78: 2.1.5.4 Patents published 2.1.6 App
Page 79 and 80: coated Copper wires. Further, they
Page 81 and 82: effects such as violet becoming red
Page 83 and 84: chiral nematic phase is its ability
Page 85 and 86: esume their original chemical struc
Page 87 and 88: The American company Color Change C
Page 89 and 90: International Fashion Machines prod
Page 91 and 92: Fig. 81 Fashion Victim [147] They p
Page 93 and 94: Telecommunication Optical fibres ar
Page 95 and 96: Fig. 82 Crystal Fibre [148] More co
Page 97 and 98: on a Jacquard loom before being pro
Page 99 and 100: The company VISSON in co-operation
Page 101 and 102: Fig. 88 Reima Robotec overall [161]
Page 103 and 104: A mixture of four components (a liq
Page 105 and 106: generated by a light source and is
Page 107 and 108: material which scatters or diffuses
Page 109 and 110: Fig. 95 PCM microcapsules coated on
Page 111 and 112: 2.4.3.1 Research projects and produ
Page 113: 2.4.3.2 Patents published The Secre
Page 117 and 118: Fig. 101 Ms beginning martensite -
Page 119 and 120: Shape memory polymers possess some
Page 121 and 122: fibroin, keratin and collagen, drie
Page 123 and 124: made out of this fabric. The sleeve
Page 125 and 126: Toray Industries and Marmot Mountai
Page 127 and 128: Polymers Study is now on the way to
Page 129 and 130: Fig. 110 Flap opening in the textil
Page 131 and 132: increasing quantities of the aqueou
Page 133 and 134: allows the production of several fu
Page 135 and 136: 2.7.2 Technology 2.7.3 Applications
Page 137 and 138: So far, a dress, messenger bags and
Page 139 and 140: 2.8.1.2 Patents published 2.8.2 App
Page 141 and 142: esearch objectives and five cross-c
Page 143 and 144: 2.9.2.2 My Heart The MyHeart projec
Page 145 and 146: Commission. 31 partners from 10 Eur
Page 147 and 148: andage. Therefore, active (controll
Page 149 and 150: [18] Scheibner, W., Feustel, M., Mo
Page 151 and 152: [54] Starner, T., “Human-powered
Page 153 and 154: [88] Galbraith, M., “elroy”, ht
Page 155 and 156: [124] We make money not art: The Em
Page 157 and 158: [161] Clothing +, “Reima Robotec
Page 159 and 160: [197] Kontturi, K., Vuorio, M., “
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