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The textile pressure sensor was developed by ITP, in total 12 pressure sensors are embedded in the cover and work independently from each other. The humidity sensor was developed by the TITV in Greiz /Germany. It is capable to detect the relative humidity within the bed cover. As it is used as a measure for incontinence, it is located in the centre of the cover near the surface. The signals are transferred to a plug that is also part of the bed cover and controls and analyses the measured signals [131]. The Center for Future Health at the University of Rochester has established the Smart Medical Research Laboratory. The Centre’s overall goal is to develop an integrated Personal Health System, so all technologies needed to guarantee health are integrated and work seamlessly. This technology will allow consumers, in the privacy of their own homes, to maintain health, detect the onset of disease, and manage disease. The data collection modules in the home will start with the measurement of traditional vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, respiration) and work to include measurement of ‘new vital signs’, such as gait, behaviour patterns, sleep patterns, general exercise, rehabilitation exercises, and more. Fig. 69 The Smart Medical Research Laboratory [132] This five-room house, visualised in the drawing above, is outfitted with infrared sensors, computers, biosensors, and video cameras for use by research teams to work with research subjects as they test concepts and prototype products. Researchers observe and interact with subjects from two discreet observation rooms integrated into the home. These research teams address the technical, informational, and human issues that will form the basis for affordable health care products that can be easily used by people with varying abilities [132]. 69
2.1.5.4 Patents published 2.1.6 Applications in the technical textile sector Technical textiles are a fairly fragmented domain with 3 important areas: protective textiles, transport textiles (automotive, railway…) and textiles for construction. The technicality of the products is very high as they are expected to meet very high performance requirements. Because they are used in many different applications they combine functional properties with structural properties. In the technical textile sector smart textiles are used for resistive heating in car seats and composites. In the following two examples are given. The British company Terram is producing spun bond nonwoven geotextiles with built-in conductors and radiofrequency transducers for use under railway tracks, called PW 5. These are designed to show the strain being experienced by geotextiles [58]. They compose of a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene with detectable metallic strips. Each conductive strip must contrast with essentially non-conductive material surrounding it [133]. Woven and knitted meshes, either of carbon fibre or carbonised polyacrylonitrile (PAN), incorporating electrodes attached to the vehicle’s power supply, are used in vehicles to provide heat to a car seat squab. The meshes are laminated to or between conventional fabric layers. Thus, there is a trend visible from wire-based systems to fibre based systems. However, due to current prices of textile based heating systems, the application of such is still restricted to top-end application, such as aircrafts, racing yachts and Formula 1 racing cars. The British company Gorix can be exemplarily pointed out as a licenser of PAN-based woven meshed technology. The Gorix PAN mesh is further used in an airbag deployment sensor; the mesh combines heating functions with a pre-warning system based on filed interference (Daimler-Chrysler). Further, pressure sensors are applied in the interior of automotives. For instance, the ElekTex ® fabric touchpad by Eleksen is utilised by the supplier of seating and interior systems Johnson Controls in its controls for car interiors [38]. Additionally, Eleksen Ltd. designs and manufactures the peripherals for Microsoft’s Origami Ultra- Mobile PCs, which were presented at the CeBit exhibition in Hannover /Germany in March 2006. 70
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Clevertex Development of a strategi
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Table of Content 2.3.1 Description
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Against this background, the presen
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A search to the first intelligent t
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Besides metal fibres and yarns also
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Fig. 1 Diagram of the bundle drawin
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However, they cannot provide unifor
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The Textile Research Institute of T
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Researchers at the Electronics Depa
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ergonomic comfort, and high piëzor
Page 25 and 26: mp3players and mobile phones. They
Page 27 and 28: The American-based company Logitech
Page 29 and 30: 2.1.3.1.2 Stretch sensors Stretch s
Page 31 and 32: However, next to monitoring device
Page 33 and 34: substrate and fabricated at high pr
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 17 Structure of a Personal hea
Page 37 and 38: A first step towards wearable elect
Page 39 and 40: The Finnish company Clothing+ relea
Page 41 and 42: textile keypad has been developed b
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 28 Snowboard glove with integr
Page 45 and 46: purchase to be recorded at the leve
Page 47 and 48: This project juxtaposes electricity
Page 49 and 50: Additionally, XS Labs, a design res
Page 51 and 52: y pressing the ”+” and ”-”
Page 53 and 54: Philips published a patent on defor
Page 55 and 56: Heating and cooling jacket Fig. 43
Page 57 and 58: • the inner layer is made of Cool
Page 59 and 60: Fig. 47 SmartShirt Texile Platform
Page 61 and 62: problem should be taken care of at
Page 63 and 64: the result of the coupled conductiv
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 54 The smart second skin [120]
Page 67 and 68: exercises. The data base analyses t
Page 69 and 70: power and ground planes, the circui
Page 71 and 72: especially in carpets. In this case
Page 73 and 74: construction, an extra wire is need
Page 75: Fig. 67 FiberThermics® by Thermoso
Page 79 and 80: coated Copper wires. Further, they
Page 81 and 82: effects such as violet becoming red
Page 83 and 84: chiral nematic phase is its ability
Page 85 and 86: esume their original chemical struc
Page 87 and 88: The American company Color Change C
Page 89 and 90: International Fashion Machines prod
Page 91 and 92: Fig. 81 Fashion Victim [147] They p
Page 93 and 94: Telecommunication Optical fibres ar
Page 95 and 96: Fig. 82 Crystal Fibre [148] More co
Page 97 and 98: on a Jacquard loom before being pro
Page 99 and 100: The company VISSON in co-operation
Page 101 and 102: Fig. 88 Reima Robotec overall [161]
Page 103 and 104: A mixture of four components (a liq
Page 105 and 106: generated by a light source and is
Page 107 and 108: material which scatters or diffuses
Page 109 and 110: Fig. 95 PCM microcapsules coated on
Page 111 and 112: 2.4.3.1 Research projects and produ
Page 113 and 114: 2.4.3.2 Patents published The Secre
Page 115 and 116: automatic healing response. The mat
Page 117 and 118: Fig. 101 Ms beginning martensite -
Page 119 and 120: Shape memory polymers possess some
Page 121 and 122: fibroin, keratin and collagen, drie
Page 123 and 124: made out of this fabric. The sleeve
Page 125 and 126: Toray Industries and Marmot Mountai
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Polymers Study is now on the way to
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Fig. 110 Flap opening in the textil
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increasing quantities of the aqueou
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allows the production of several fu
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2.7.2 Technology 2.7.3 Applications
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So far, a dress, messenger bags and
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2.8.1.2 Patents published 2.8.2 App
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esearch objectives and five cross-c
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2.9.2.2 My Heart The MyHeart projec
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Commission. 31 partners from 10 Eur
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andage. Therefore, active (controll
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[18] Scheibner, W., Feustel, M., Mo
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[54] Starner, T., “Human-powered
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[88] Galbraith, M., “elroy”, ht
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[124] We make money not art: The Em
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[161] Clothing +, “Reima Robotec
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[197] Kontturi, K., Vuorio, M., “
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