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Fig. 70 A prototype ElekTex ® keyboard sleeve for Microsoft’s Ultra-Portable computer [134] The peripheral designs include ElekTex ® keyboards, which are either connected to the PC by a shortrange wireless signal (the Bluetooth standard) or which use a universal serial bus (USB) port. The touchpad provides an interface technology for development of dynamic and feature-rich peripherals and can be used, for example, to enable typing on tablet PC cases, provide portable typing interfaces for leading mobile devices and extend the usability of mobile PCs with media and data entry controls [134]. Research is currently conducted by Konarka Technologies Inc. and the Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL), aiming at the development of photovoltaic fabrics, based on nanotechnology. The production of a photovoltaic fibre, able to produce electric energy from the sunlight, has already been demonstrated. The company Konarka is specialised in plastics that convert light to energy and hence in the co-operation with the Swiss school they incorporated a light-activated power plastic into nylon, so the nylon becomes photovoltaic. However, strength, thickness and electrical performance of the fibre need to be optimised in textiles in order to use as reinforcement in concrete and masonry [135]. Photonic Inc. is active in the field of buildings. They developed a system capable to characterise different structural behaviours in real time. The system is textile integrated. Appearance changing textiles, like luminescent textiles, also use at least partly electronics to get functionalised. For the production of luminescent textile structures, researchers at the TITV Greiz used a woven double comb structure with electrodes woven in on both sides. The whole structure is coated with an electroluminescent printing paste, which is activated to light by high-frequency voltages [81, 82, 83, 84]. The German Gesellschaft für Intelligente Textile Produkte, ITP, is specialised in producing heating fabrics. Their product line ranges from heating woven structures, over heating nonwoven structures to heating knitted textile structures. Basically, they are using silvered coated Nylon fibres and silvered 71
coated Copper wires. Further, they are developing electroluminescent fabrics, products with integrated textile sensors for gas, temperature, humidity and biomedical information, and fabrics with integrated GPS and GSM [136]. Environmental sensing can detect enemies or potential biochemical threats, such as a woven conductive fabric with embedded button size microphones that detect the sound of remote objects such as approaching vehicles. Researchers at Virginia Tech developed such a large-scale acoustic beamingforming textile. Woven prototypes are embedded with a communicating network of sensors and computing devices and can continuously run for significant periods of time on a standard nine volt battery [137]. 2.1.6.1 Patents published The IEE International Electronics & Engineering S.A. protected a seat sensor constructed from a spacer fabric (WO 03/093067). The Siemens AG holds a patent for the production of a fibre with an integrated electronic component. The fibre can be incorporated into a woven structure. They used as a fibre core conductive polymers and coated them by conventional chemical fibres (WO 02/095839). 72
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Clevertex Development of a strategi
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Table of Content 2.3.1 Description
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Index to universities, institutes,
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Against this background, the presen
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A search to the first intelligent t
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Besides metal fibres and yarns also
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Fig. 1 Diagram of the bundle drawin
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However, they cannot provide unifor
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The Textile Research Institute of T
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Researchers at the Electronics Depa
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ergonomic comfort, and high piëzor
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mp3players and mobile phones. They
Page 27 and 28: The American-based company Logitech
Page 29 and 30: 2.1.3.1.2 Stretch sensors Stretch s
Page 31 and 32: However, next to monitoring device
Page 33 and 34: substrate and fabricated at high pr
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 17 Structure of a Personal hea
Page 37 and 38: A first step towards wearable elect
Page 39 and 40: The Finnish company Clothing+ relea
Page 41 and 42: textile keypad has been developed b
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 28 Snowboard glove with integr
Page 45 and 46: purchase to be recorded at the leve
Page 47 and 48: This project juxtaposes electricity
Page 49 and 50: Additionally, XS Labs, a design res
Page 51 and 52: y pressing the ”+” and ”-”
Page 53 and 54: Philips published a patent on defor
Page 55 and 56: Heating and cooling jacket Fig. 43
Page 57 and 58: • the inner layer is made of Cool
Page 59 and 60: Fig. 47 SmartShirt Texile Platform
Page 61 and 62: problem should be taken care of at
Page 63 and 64: the result of the coupled conductiv
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 54 The smart second skin [120]
Page 67 and 68: exercises. The data base analyses t
Page 69 and 70: power and ground planes, the circui
Page 71 and 72: especially in carpets. In this case
Page 73 and 74: construction, an extra wire is need
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 67 FiberThermics® by Thermoso
Page 77: 2.1.5.4 Patents published 2.1.6 App
Page 81 and 82: effects such as violet becoming red
Page 83 and 84: chiral nematic phase is its ability
Page 85 and 86: esume their original chemical struc
Page 87 and 88: The American company Color Change C
Page 89 and 90: International Fashion Machines prod
Page 91 and 92: Fig. 81 Fashion Victim [147] They p
Page 93 and 94: Telecommunication Optical fibres ar
Page 95 and 96: Fig. 82 Crystal Fibre [148] More co
Page 97 and 98: on a Jacquard loom before being pro
Page 99 and 100: The company VISSON in co-operation
Page 101 and 102: Fig. 88 Reima Robotec overall [161]
Page 103 and 104: A mixture of four components (a liq
Page 105 and 106: generated by a light source and is
Page 107 and 108: material which scatters or diffuses
Page 109 and 110: Fig. 95 PCM microcapsules coated on
Page 111 and 112: 2.4.3.1 Research projects and produ
Page 113 and 114: 2.4.3.2 Patents published The Secre
Page 115 and 116: automatic healing response. The mat
Page 117 and 118: Fig. 101 Ms beginning martensite -
Page 119 and 120: Shape memory polymers possess some
Page 121 and 122: fibroin, keratin and collagen, drie
Page 123 and 124: made out of this fabric. The sleeve
Page 125 and 126: Toray Industries and Marmot Mountai
Page 127 and 128: Polymers Study is now on the way to
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Fig. 110 Flap opening in the textil
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increasing quantities of the aqueou
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allows the production of several fu
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2.7.2 Technology 2.7.3 Applications
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So far, a dress, messenger bags and
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2.8.1.2 Patents published 2.8.2 App
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esearch objectives and five cross-c
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2.9.2.2 My Heart The MyHeart projec
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Commission. 31 partners from 10 Eur
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andage. Therefore, active (controll
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[18] Scheibner, W., Feustel, M., Mo
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[54] Starner, T., “Human-powered
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[88] Galbraith, M., “elroy”, ht
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[124] We make money not art: The Em
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[161] Clothing +, “Reima Robotec
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[197] Kontturi, K., Vuorio, M., “
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