Crown Land: Indicators and Statistics - Ministry of Forests

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owned building on private land, has tenured access to Crown land for skiing activities). In the accommodation sub-sector, backcountry lodges, hunting and fishing camps, and various forms of industrial accommodation on remote sites are almost totally dependent on Crown land. Around 35% of all recreational vehicle sites and campground sites are located on Crown land. Some of these sites are on Crown land tenured to private operations, and others are run by BC Parks. 26 While the percentage of the tourism and accommodation sector that is directly dependent on Crown land is just 16%, the tourism sector is nonetheless heavily dependent on the scenic areas and the natural environment provided, in large part, by Crown land. Transport and communications sectors The transportation and communications sector is significantly dependent (possibly as high as 30% to 50%) on provincial Crown land, principally in the form of provincial highways and forest roads. Provincial Crown land also contributes in a minor way to this sector through providing land for the construction of infrastructure for sea, air and rail transportation and telecommunications, which are all tenured under the Land Act. Because there are no charges for road space, its value isn’t measured in GDP terms; thus, it is hard to assess and compare its value to other transportation infrastructure on Crown land. However, approximately 45% to 50% of transportation GDP in the province is derived from road transportation of various kinds. All major port facilities in the province are on federal Crown land. Around one-third of smaller commercial wharves are on provincial Crown land while 26 If public recreation sites operated by the Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations were included in this analysis, the percentage of operations on Crown land would rise to 43%. For reasons given in Section 3.7, Economic Activity on Crown Land, these sites are not included under the tourism and accommodation sub-sector GDP estimates. Crown Land: Indicators and 38 Statistics Report two-thirds are on private land. 27 Many public wharves in small coastal and inland lakeside communities are on provincial Crown land. A small number of ferry terminals are also on provincial Crown land. 28 For airports, the role of provincially tenured Crown land is confined to a number of small regional airfields operated principally by local governments, aero clubs, resource companies and lodges. 29 The majority of airports, including large ones in main urban centres, are either on federal Crown land or private land. The major rail companies, some community rail groups, and several mining and other resource companies, have a number of small railway statutory rights-of-way; however, the vast majority of railway rights-of-way are on private land, much of it granted during early settlement in BC (see Section 2.3, Land Ownership in BC). 30 In the telecommunications sub-sector, Crown land tenures are provided on mountain tops and other important locations for wireless transmission towers. Road rights-of-way on Crown land are also used for servicing various wired communications infrastructure; however, overall only a small proportion of transmission facilities are on Crown land. 27 The seabed of harbours are provincial Crown land and the provincial government either leases this land to the federal Crown authorities operating the ports (e.g. Vancouver, Nanaimo and Port Alberni) or has transferred ownership of this land to the federal government. The leased areas make up a small proportion of the total port lands. 28 These terminals are operated by BC Ferries, municipalities and private operators. While some of these terminals are large, (e.g. Swartz Bay and Duke Point), they account for only a small proportion of the total number of provincial ferry passengers and volume of freight. 29 The province has also provided sponsored Crown grants to many municipalities and regional districts for airports (see Section 5.5). 30 Under the alternative definition of Crown land, that includes land owned in fee simple by provincial Crown agencies (see Section 2.3, Land Ownership in British Columbia), the former BC Rail corridor lands and Vancouver wharf lands now managed by the BC Railway Company and leased to private operators, would be considered Crown lands.
Utilities and pipelines sector Approximately 60% of the land utilized for electricity generation, other utilities, electricity transmission and distribution lines, and oil and gas pipelines is Crown land, and approximately 25% of this is tenured under the Land Act. Around 89% of the electricity produced in BC is hydroelectric power. The majority of the hydroelectricity (95%) is generated by five producers utilizing large reservoirs. 31 The remaining 5% of hydroelectricity is generated by independent power producers (IPPs) generally utilizing run-of-river or small storage hydroelectric generation facilities. 32 The five major hydroelectric producers own the land on which their dam walls and power stations are located; 33 however, around 95% of the land under the impounded water in their reservoirs is Crown land tenured under the Water Act. In the provincial 31 BC Hydro, Alcan, Teck Cominco, Columbia Power Corporation, and Fortis Energy. 32 For more information on independent power producers see Additional Information. 33 Under the alternative definition of Crown land (see Section 2.3, Land Ownership in British Columbia) that includes all land owned in fee simple by provincial Crown agencies, the private land owned by BC Hydro and the Columbia Power Corporation would be classified as provincial Crown land and the dependence of the utilities and pipelines sector on Crown land would increase to around 80%. Additional Information electricity grid, approximately 85% of transmission lines (over 60 kilovolts), and approximately 15% of distribution lines (under 60 kilovolts) are on Crown land tenured under the Land Act. Independent power producers (IPPs) rely almost exclusively on Crown land for their power generation operations. The proportion of Crown land used by IPPs is estimated at 95%, with most tenures issued under the Land Act. The transmission lines these IPPs use to access the provincial transmission and distribution grid are virtually all located on Crown land. Of the 11% of electricity produced by non-hydro means, a small amount (around 6%) is thermal power produced by BC Hydro on land they privately own. The balance of electricity is produced by a multitude of small producers. Much of this electricity is co-generated in manufacturing and other industrial or commercial facilities and fed directly into the distribution grid. All of the power generated by these small, non-hydro producers has been assumed to be produced on private land. In the pipeline sub-sector, around 80% of natural gas transmission pipelines, 70% of crude oil and other transmission pipelines and 10% of distribution pipelines for natural gas, water, and other commodities are located on Crown land. • See Section 3.7, Economic Activity on Crown Land for more detailed data and discussion on how sector dependencies relate to the economic activity generated on Crown land. • See Sections 5.3, Tenures by Sector and Section 5.4, Grants by Sector for a more detailed discussion of Crown land tenures and grants under the Land Act. • See Appendix 1 for a detailed description of each of the sectors used throughout this report. • To learn more about the governance of provincial Crown agencies, see the BC Crown Agency Registry, 2010. Available: http://www.gov.bc.ca/caro/attachments/crown_agency_registry_january_2010.pdf • The Ministry of Environment provides information on IPPs on their website. Available: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wsd/water_rights/waterpower/ipp_QA.html Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations 39
Page 1 and 2: CROWN LAND: Indicators & Statistics
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements This project was l
Page 5 and 6: Report Highlights Land and Resource
Page 7 and 8: Table of Contents Acknowledgements
Page 9 and 10: Figure 25 Average Area of Current T
Page 11 and 12: 1 Introduction
Page 13 and 14: Legislation Governing Crown Land Ma
Page 15 and 16: Section Key Statistics and Indicato
Page 17 and 18: Land and 2 Resources
Page 19 and 20: 2.2 Crown Land Ownership by Provinc
Page 21 and 22: Additional Information • Informat
Page 23 and 24: how much of the lands in some of th
Page 25 and 26: Private (fee simple title) lands ar
Page 27 and 28: 2.4 British Columbia Land Use and L
Page 29 and 30: The distribution of land uses and c
Page 31 and 32: 3.1 Overview The continued well-bei
Page 33 and 34: First Nations are an important part
Page 35 and 36: The sub-region with the greatest nu
Page 37 and 38: Map 5 illustrates the dominant inco
Page 39 and 40: Brownfields are abandoned, vacant,
Page 41 and 42: Discussion Unemployment levels tend
Page 43 and 44: There are times when particular att
Page 45 and 46: Discussion Industries directly asso
Page 47: Manufacturing and commercial sector
Page 51 and 52: Table 6 Crown Land Tenured or Prote
Page 53 and 54: Protected areas, which support the
Page 55 and 56: Crown land sites occupy around 50%
Page 57 and 58: Figure 9 Percentage of GDP Produced
Page 59 and 60: GDP produced by forestry support se
Page 61 and 62: The proportion of 2006 GDP produced
Page 63 and 64: Figure 12 Government Resource Reven
Page 65 and 66: Land Use Direction 4 and Objectives
Page 67 and 68: 4.2 Strategic Land and Resource Pla
Page 69 and 70: In BC, 85% of the land base (80,011
Page 71 and 72: Map 7 Approved Sub-regional and Lan
Page 73 and 74: 4.3 Land Use Policy Direction Why i
Page 75 and 76: Map 8 shows examples of resource ma
Page 77 and 78: 4.4 Land Use Objectives Established
Page 79 and 80: Map 11 Coast Land Use Decision Ecos
Page 81 and 82: 4.5 Old Growth Management Areas Why
Page 83 and 84: Additional Information • Landscap
Page 85 and 86: Table 11 Types of Protected Area De
Page 87 and 88: Figure 14 shows the amount and prop
Page 89 and 90: Discussion Figure 17 Percentage of
Page 91 and 92: Crown Land 5 Allocation
Page 93 and 94: 5.2 Historical Tenures and Grants W
Page 95 and 96: Table 12 Tenure and Grant Types Ten
Page 97 and 98: Discussion Just over half (51%) of
Page 99 and 100:
5.3 Tenures by Sector Why is this I
Page 101 and 102:
Figure 23 Applications in Manufactu
Page 103 and 104:
number of total tenures issued at 9
Page 105 and 106:
Discussion Overall, the total numbe
Page 107 and 108:
5.4 Grants by Sector Why is this Im
Page 109 and 110:
Discussion The residential, agricul
Page 111 and 112:
Figure 29 Sponsored Crown Grants an
Page 113 and 114:
5.6 Government Land Revenue Why is
Page 115 and 116:
The manufacturing and commercial se
Page 117 and 118:
Figure 34 shows the sub-regional di
Page 119 and 120:
Appendix 1 Sector Descriptions Tenu
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Crown Land: Indicators and Statistics - Ministry of Forests

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