Copyright by Gregory Krauss 2007 - The University of Texas at Austin

More documents

Recommendations

Info

As the election proceeded on May 16, early returns showed Guzmán ahead. 41 The following day, however, military units received orders to seize the ballot boxes. 42 Lister urged Congressman Fraser to call President Carter, which Fraser apparently did. 43 Strong pressure by Carter administration officials and Carter himself convinced Balaguer to resume the vote count, and Guzmán was elected. 44 Lister, invited by Peña Gómez, attended Guzman’s inauguration on August 16, 1978. 45 The inauguration was the first peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another in the history of the Dominican Republic. Since 1978, most elections in the Dominican Republic have been viewed as honest. 46 Lister received an official commendation from the PRD for his assistance with the elections. He returned to the Dominican Republic as a guest of the PRD for the 1982 presidential inauguration. 47 South Korea One of Lister’s greatest accomplishments in the human rights bureau was to establish a relationship in the early 1980s between the State Department and Kim Dae Jung, the South Korean dissident. Since the end of the Korean War in 1953, South Korea had mostly been ruled by autocrats, who justified restricting democratic freedoms due to the need to maintain stability in the face of the North Korean threat. The U.S. was willing to accommodate friendly dictatorships in South Korea as long as they worked with the U.S. to maintain the armistice. U.S. policy towards South Korea eventually changed, helping democracy there to take a leap forward by the end 107
of the 1980s. Lister’s relationship with Kim may have helped change the U.S. position. South Korea came under autocratic rule with a military coup by General Park Chung Hee in 1961, after which Park restricted democratic opposition and dissolved the legislature. 48 Kim, who had been elected to the National Assembly three days before the coup, became a vocal opponent of the Park regime. During the 1960s he served as a legislator in the reconstituted Korean National Assembly, and in 1971 he ran against President Park, garnering 46 percent of the vote despite election fraud by Park. 49 During the 1970s, Kim continued to speak out. He was physically attacked on several occasions, suffering a permanent leg injury, and he was periodically imprisoned or sentenced to house arrest. 50 Park was assassinated in 1979, but before a democratic transition could take place, General Chun Doo Hwan seized power and soon Kim was again imprisoned. 51 In December 1982, Kim’s 20-year term was suspended, and he was allowed to travel to the United States. 52 Kim initially came to the Washington, D.C. area, where he rent an apartment in Alexandria, Virginia with his wife and family. 53 Lister quickly established contact with Kim. At a reception for Kim on March 17, 1983 by the North American Coalition for Human Rights in Korea, Lister had a conversation with Kim in which Kim expressed an interest in coming to meet Abrams. 54 Due to the security situation on the Korean peninsula, the U.S. maintained a close relationship with the South Korean government. Inviting Kim, a political dissident, to the State Department was a 108
Page 1 and 2:
Copyright by Gregory Krauss 2007
Page 3 and 4:
Impacting Foreign Policy as a Mid-L
Page 5 and 6:
Impacting Foreign Policy as a Mid-L
Page 7 and 8:
Chile..............................
Page 9 and 10:
contributions to U.S. foreign polic
Page 11 and 12:
etween personalities and more as a
Page 13 and 14:
duties but not jeopardize his caree
Page 15 and 16:
21 Morton H. Halperin and Patricia
Page 17 and 18:
younger sister. As Lister’s long-
Page 19 and 20:
as an ideological battle that the U
Page 21 and 22:
February 1955, Lister received a le
Page 23 and 24:
wanted to bring the entire Socialis
Page 25 and 26:
Schlesinger soon began working toge
Page 27 and 28:
espects Saragat more than vice-vers
Page 29 and 30:
Socialist Party that this office ha
Page 31 and 32:
First, his contacts with Italian So
Page 33 and 34:
eceptive to the Italian Socialists
Page 35 and 36:
64 George Lister, “Political Less
Page 37 and 38:
As he frequently did though, Lister
Page 39 and 40:
Impact in the Bureau of Inter-Ameri
Page 41 and 42:
leaders,” Lister wrote in 1971. 1
Page 43 and 44:
Latin Americans to watch out for [t
Page 45 and 46:
Lister’s facility with explaining
Page 47 and 48:
away from the Communists, much as h
Page 49 and 50:
Domingo as part of an inter-departm
Page 51 and 52:
the crisis was “interesting and i
Page 53 and 54:
War effort. Besides his propaganda
Page 55 and 56:
Affairs to ask that the U.S. press
Page 57 and 58:
win the ideological battle against
Page 59 and 60:
31 Ibid. 32 Memo, George Lister to
Page 61 and 62:
104 Ibid. 105 Ibid. 106 Ibid. 107 C
Page 63 and 64: ights suddenly became a major U.S.
Page 65 and 66: international human rights experts
Page 67 and 68: Rights, Carter reiterated that U.S.
Page 69 and 70: Reagan’s human rights policy was,
Page 71 and 72: When, as a result of the hearings,
Page 73 and 74: Human rights were rhetorically usef
Page 75 and 76: substantial,” Shlaudeman said.
Page 77 and 78: a reporter as “Mr. Human Rights.
Page 79 and 80: encourage improvement. As if to und
Page 81 and 82: Lister won plaudits from Patricia D
Page 83 and 84: ut the hearings were the starting p
Page 85 and 86: moment. The bureau had already been
Page 87 and 88: democratic opposition leaders. List
Page 89 and 90: greater attention to human rights v
Page 91 and 92: occurred. Lister’s own toughness
Page 93 and 94: ability to update the State Departm
Page 95 and 96: a wide open society, essentially de
Page 97 and 98: wing regimes, you had to be against
Page 99 and 100: convinced that clear, reliable info
Page 101 and 102: he had reduced mistrust, Lister hel
Page 103 and 104: 49 Telephone interview by Gregory K
Page 105 and 106: 117 Ibid., p. 13. 118 Report, Georg
Page 107 and 108: Chapter 5. Human Rights Case Studie
Page 109 and 110: The Carter administration had campa
Page 111 and 112: the Sandinista government became in
Page 113: the Sandinistas, but he did not cha
Page 117 and 118: opinion of the text. Lister suggest
Page 119 and 120: Lister wrote to Assistant Secretary
Page 121 and 122: that the USG is pro-Pinochet, you a
Page 123 and 124: concern about Chile, the Reagan adm
Page 125 and 126: violations by the Pinochet governme
Page 127 and 128: luncheons with the Chilean Congress
Page 129 and 130: how Lister managed to have such a l
Page 131 and 132: 62 Letter, Kim Dae Jung to George L
Page 133 and 134: 129 Library of Congress, Authoritar
Page 135 and 136: movement—in particular, by insist
Page 137 and 138: Lister’s other political base was
Page 139 and 140: State Department as well as human r
Page 141 and 142: open a political conversation with
Page 143 and 144: Archival Documents Bibliography Abr
Page 145 and 146: Lister, George. Memo to Mr. William
Page 147 and 148: Lister, George. Memo to ARA Office
Page 149 and 150: Lister, George. Memo to Elliott Abr
Page 151 and 152: U.S. State Department. Career Histo
Page 153 and 154: Library of Congress, Chile: The Con
Page 155 and 156: Shlaudeman, Harry. Former Assistant
Page 157 and 158: Memorial Service for George Lister.
show all

Copyright by Gregory Krauss 2007 - The University of Texas at Austin

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?