RF MODULE

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Microstrip on a Printed Circuit Board Model Definition 20 | CHAPTER 2: TUTORIAL MODELS This example calculates the impedance of a microstrip line on a printed circuit board. It compares the impedance with that obtained from an analytical formula given the dimensions of the micro strip and permittivity of the circuit board. This formula is available as a script with the following arguments: width, height, height of conductor, and permittivity of circuit board. The following command gives the analytical characteristic impedance of the microstrip: zmustrip(2e-2,5e-3,5e-4,3) 35.4780 Results The analysis tests two terminations: lumped port termination and numerical port termination. Both versions use a lumped port with 50 Ω cable impedance to excite the signal into the microstrip. The numerical port version does a boundary mode analysis on the terminating end, which results in almost no reflection from the termination of the microstrip. The lumped port termination uses the calculated impedance as cable impedance. This matching is less accurate and gives reflections, which interfere with the impedance calculation, and therefore deviates from the analytical result. Table 2-1 below summarizes the result. TABLE 2-1: RESULT OF THE IMPEDANCE COMPARISON ANALYSIS MICROSTRIP IMPEDANCE Analytical 35.48 Ω Numerical port termination 36.44 Ω Lumped port termination 39.91 Ω Note that the analytical result does not represent the most accurate value because it assumes infinite extension of the surroundings. This model is terminated by perfect magnetic conductors, which influence the impedance of the microstrip. It is clear that the numerical port has much less reflection compared to the lumped port. This is important to consider when lumped ports are used as terminations.
Model Library path: RF_Module/Tutorial_Models/microstrip_on_pcb Modeling Using the Graphical User Interface MODEL NAVIGATOR 1 In the Model Navigator, choose 3D from the Space dimension list, and select RF Module>Electromagnetic Waves. 2 Click OK. 3 From the Multiphysics menu, choose Model Navigator to open the same dialog box again. 4 Select RF Module>Boundary Mode Analysis>Hybrid-Mode Waves, and click the Add button. 5 Choose Boundary Mode Analysis, Hybrid-Mode Waves (rfwb) from the Ruling application mode list. 6 Click OK. The ruling application mode determines the default settings for the solver and how you can specify the eigenvalues in the Solver Parameters dialog box. By reopening the Model Navigator dialog box, you can get the default settings for the iterative solvers used by the electromagnetic waves application mode and the more user-friendly eigenvalue specifications of the boundary mode analysis application mode. GEOMETRY MODELING 1 Draw four blocks by clicking the Block button on the Draw toolbar. Specify the following dimensions for the blocks. For each block, click OK when done. PROPERTY BLK1 BLK2 BLK3 BLK4 X length 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Y length 0.3 0.3 2E-2 2E-2 Z length 0.15 5E-3 5E-3 5E-4 X base 0 0.1 0.1 0.1 Y base 0 0 0.14 0.14 Z base 0 0 0 5E-3 MICROSTRIP ON A PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD | 21
Page 1 and 2: COMSOL Multiphysics RF MODULE V ERS
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction Mo
Page 5 and 6: Results and Discussion. . . . . . .
Page 7 and 8: Chapter 4: Optics and Photonics Mod
Page 9 and 10: 1 Introduction The RF Module Model
Page 11 and 12: highlights. The categories here inc
Page 13 and 14: TABLE 1-1: RF MODULE MODEL LIBRARY
Page 15 and 16: 2 Tutorial Models This chapter cont
Page 17 and 18: Results and Discussion Figure 2-1 s
Page 19 and 20: 4 Draw a square with corners at (
Page 21 and 22: COMPUTING THE SOLUTION Click the So
Page 23 and 24: Results and Discussion The dipole a
Page 25 and 26: PHYSICS SETTINGS Variables 1 Choose
Page 27: 5 Click OK to close the dialog box
Page 31 and 32: 4 From the Solve menu, open the Sol
Page 33 and 34: them from the eigenvalues. The appl
Page 35 and 36: 5 On the Port page, set the values
Page 37 and 38: 5 On the Port page, enter 36.4 in t
Page 39 and 40: Waveguide Optimization Introduction
Page 41 and 42: Results and Discussion Figure 2-3 s
Page 43 and 44: Modeling Using the Graphical User I
Page 45 and 46: 3 Select Boundary 7 and set the Con
Page 47 and 48: POSTPROCESSING AND VISUALIZATION Fo
Page 49 and 50: The solution takes a few minutes to
Page 51 and 52: Night side Earth surface Ionosphere
Page 53 and 54: Results and Discussion The model pr
Page 55 and 56: 4 Select both spheres and click the
Page 57 and 58: RF and Microwave Models In this cha
Page 59 and 60: measure of the transmittance and re
Page 61 and 62: y 1 cm is at about 7.5 GHz. At the
Page 63 and 64: By feeding the circulator at a diff
Page 65 and 66: Importing the Geometry from a Binar
Page 67 and 68: MESH GENERATION This model uses the
Page 69 and 70: It is more instructive to look at t
Page 71 and 72: Note: When displaying S-Parameter v
Page 73 and 74: Monoconical RF Antenna Introduction
Page 75 and 76: 50 Ω, to obtain maximum transmiss
Page 77 and 78: Figure 3-7 shows the antenna radiat
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2 Select the RF Module>Electromagne
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13 Zoom in around (0, 0) using the
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4 In the Contour levels area, click
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2 Clear the Keep current plot check
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6 Click the Solve button on the Mai
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Results and Discussion The figure b
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PHYSICS SETTINGS Point Settings Def
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2 In the x-axis area, select the Ex
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Because the impedance is inversely
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4 From the Space dimension list, se
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2 Select Boundaries 1, 2, 4, and 6.
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4 On the Pointwise Constraints page
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12 Click the Solve button on the Ma
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Module. The electromagnetic cavity
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EIGENFREQUENCY VS. TEMPERATURE By r
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GEOMETRY MODELING 1 Go to the Draw
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3 Set dx, dy, and dz to u, v, and w
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20 Select the Solve using solver se
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Computing the Solution Using a Para
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8 Click Solve. 9 When the parametri
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H-Bend Waveguide with S-parameters
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Model Library path: RF_Module/RF_an
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1 From the Postprocessing menu, cho
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The rectangular port is excited by
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Figure 3-16 shows a single-mode wav
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Figure 3-18: The S 21 parameter (in
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PHYSICS SETTINGS First set up the b
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FREEZING THE BOUNDARY MODE ANALYSIS
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Microwave Cancer Therapy Introducti
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The model takes advantage of the pr
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DOMAIN AND BOUNDARY EQUATIONS—HEA
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Figure 3-23: The computed microwave
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solutions for both the electromagne
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4 Select Subdomain 1, then enter th
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1 Click the Plot Parameters button
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sar_in_human_head_interp.txt. That
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The bioheat equation produces a sim
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3 Click OK. 4 From the Options menu
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17 In the Work-Plane Settings dialo
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SETTINGS SUBDOMAIN 19 epsilonr_brai
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4 Click the Init tab and type 0 in
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POSTPROCESSING AND VISUALIZATION 1
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The walls of the oven and the waveg
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Figure 3-29: Temperature in the cen
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3 Click the block symbol again and
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2 At the waveguide end, Boundary 23
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4 Click OK to generate the plot bel
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Because the filter cutoff should be
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the force is applied. Figure 3-32 d
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6 Then the ECAD Import Options dial
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PHYSICS SETTINGS Subdomain Settings
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solver takes more steps than it sto
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3 Select Subdomain 1 and clear the
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Balanced Patch Antenna for 6 GHz In
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k0 = ω ε0 µ 0 All metallic objec
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divided by the input power. In Figu
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Reference 1. E. Recht and S. Shiran
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10 Select the objects SQ2, CO1, and
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43 Specify two spheres with the fol
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inputs are feeding the antenna, lik
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the width of the PML is equal to λ
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a toggle button that shifts between
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5 Select Coarse solver from the tre
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maxE = max(EdB); minE = min(EdB); E
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exterior of the PML that shows a ve
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13 Choose Extrude from the Draw men
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2 Click the Settings button. 3 In t
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Sea Bed Logging Introduction The Se
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Figure 3-39: Electric field magnitu
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PHYSICS SETTINGS Scalar Variables 1
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5 Click the General tab. From the P
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Optics and Photonics Models In this
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Model Definition The model is built
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Model Library path: RF_Module/Optic
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PHYSICS SETTINGS Scalar Variables S
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POSTPROCESSING AND VISUALIZATION By
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Model Definition The geometry is a
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2 In the list of application modes,
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Because the refractive index of GaA
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5 Click OK twice to see the followi
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Bandgap Analysis of a Photonic Crys
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a 2 a 3 × b1 = 2π----------------
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The five lowest bands for the (1, 1
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Modeling Using the Graphical User I
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Subdomain Settings 1 Open the Subdo
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3 Click the Parametric tab. Select
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3 Click OK to see the following plo
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fem.appl{1}.prop.analysis = 'harmon
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Model Definition The mode analysis
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2 Select the RF Module>Perpendicula
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4 On the Contour page, give Magneti
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includes only two independent param
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OPTIONS AND SETTINGS 1 Open the Con
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The problem becomes well-posed by a
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POSTPROCESSING AND VISUALIZATION Th
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7 Click OK. 8 From the Postprocessi
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the computed propagation constants
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3 The default eigenmode is the one
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Compare these ideal values of the p
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Stress-Optical Effects with General
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The PDE solved is Navier’s equati
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and εx ∂u = ∂x εy ∂v = ∂y
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Model Library path: RF_Module/Optic
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NAME EXPRESSION DESCRIPTION B2 0.65
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2 In the Subdomain Expressions dial
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4 Initialize the mesh in this geome
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Note: This model includes an extens
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3 Enter 1.46 in the text field Sear
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In these expressions, w 0 is the mi
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After 90 fs the pulse has reached t
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4 Select the RF Module>In-Plane Wav
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Boundary Conditions 1 From the Phys
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6 Click the Remesh button; when the
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2 On the General page, make sure th
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Propagation of a 3D Gaussian Beam L
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Figure 4-15: After 20 fs the pulse
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7 Click the Delete Interior Boundar
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Boundary Conditions 1 From the Phys
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5 From the Options menu, select Sup
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INDEX 3D electromagnetic waves mode
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efractive index 222, 254 resistance
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RF MODULE

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