WATER JET CONFERENCE - Waterjet Technology Association

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Figure 5. Dependence of specific energy consumption H w and E 0 on pitch t when breaking a massif by a water jet and a disc cutter with: h = 5 cm; a = 300 mm; , A = 1600 N/cm; D = 200 mm; δ = 30 1 & 2 for the scheme d with floating disc cutter at h s = 1.1 h; 3 & 4 for the scheme f with disc cutter with one-sided wedge rim at h s = 0.6 h. Figure 6. Forces Pz, Py, Px as functions of Figure 7. Specific Eenrgy Hw consumption Pirch t for hydromechanical (1,2 & 3) as a funciton of pitch t for hydromechanical And mechanicaal (4, 5, & 6) methods of (1 & 2) and mechanical (3 & 4) breakage Breakage at : h = 4 cm; a = 300 mm; at hs/h = 0.6; a = 300 mm; A = 1600 K/cm; A = 1600 N/cm; D = 200 mm; δ = 35 1 1 & 3 at h = 4 cm hs/h = o.6. 2 & 4 at h = 6 cm. 395
Figure 8 Forces Pz and Py and energy Figure 9. Force Px as a function of slot Consumption Hw as a function of slot depth depth hs (a = 220 mm) at: Hs with: t/h = 1.8; a =220 mm; h = 4 cm (I) t/h = 1.4 (I) and t/h = 1.8 (2). H = 6 cm (2) Figure 10. Forces Pz and Py and energy Figure 11. Percentage of grade R +25 in the Consumption Hw as functions of pitch t broken off coal as a function of pitch t at: (a = 220 mm; hs/h = 0.8) at (1) h = 5 cm hs/h = 0.6 and a = 220 mm. (2) h = 6 cm. 396
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Proceedings of the Second U.S. WATE
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Visualization of the Central Core o
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A Status Report on the Conceptual D
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SESSION 7 - CIVIL & INDUSTRIAL Chai
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Cutting Hard Rock With Abrasive-Ent
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frictional and piping component rel
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R = a1 ⋅ A1 A2 a2 I = 2H o Q o
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attenuation of the output. The tran
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Figure 1. Branch System Modulator F
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Figure 5. Modulation Response for B
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Figure 9. Modulation response for s
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can be used for any form of input.
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with a cylindrical shape to the jet
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m/s. The range of power found from
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Figure 3. Power vs nozzle diameter
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Figure 5. Frequency vs length of th
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NAME: Gerald Zink COMPANY: StoneAge
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modulatornozzle assembly. The ordin
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DISCUSSION OF FLUID MECHANICS The i
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This process serves to protect the
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For test purposes, these concrete b
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REFERENCES CITED 1. Barker, C. R.,
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FIGURE 4. INNER CORE OF PERCUSSIVE
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FIGURE 9. EXAMPLE OF HIGH-PRESSURE
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NAME: John E. Wolgamott COMPANY: St
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THE FOCUSED SHOCK TECHNlQUE FORPROD
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The reflected wave is thus also cyl
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neglected. The introduction of a co
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DISCUSSION NAME: George Savanick CO
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H’ mean shape factor Hj theoretic
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Required streamline curvature at th
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2 x 2 ≅ ( e − 2 p + w)/k2 (2-8)
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eliminating 2 n r 2 from equations
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approximation to the actual flow si
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skin friction coefficient but are c
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where: (H) = A1H 3 + A2H 2 + A3H +
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effect (< 0.5%) on coefficients of
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TABLE 5 Rei x 10 5 β 3 4 5 6 Po Po
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TABLE 6 D(mm) d o(mm) L t(mm) L f(m
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expanding rather than contracting a
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25. Weber, H.E., 1978, Boundary lay
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Figure 5. Wall velocity distributio
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Figure 9. Effect of nozzle design o
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Figure 12. CA+T Design Philosophy.
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Figure 16. Effect of inlet b 1 cond
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Figure 20. Relaminarization at nozz
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Figure 24. Pressure decay data. 88
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VISUALIZATION OF THE CENTRAL CORE O
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DISCUSSION Although employing the i
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5. Lambert, J. H., 1760, Photometri
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Figure 6. Spectral sensitivity curv
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NAME: W.C. Cooley COMPANY: Terraspa
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INTRODUCTION Pulsed liquid jets sho
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y=X ∨ P A dy = p p A p 2 (L c y=0
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Using equation (15), the value of X
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Thus about the first 10% of the dri
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Many design cases, including those
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surface spall occurred, resulting i
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Figure 3. Chamber pressure at pisto
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Figure 7. Effect of nozzle area rat
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Figure 11. Extrusion device schemat
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Figure 15. Typical chamber pressure
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DISCUSSION NAME: W. C. Cooley COMPA
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material which are, in turn, affect
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the water jet. This method was not
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where h is the depth of penetration
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obtained during this phase of the i
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observed that the smallest depth of
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Figure 2. Idealized Relationships b
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Figure 6. Penetration as a Function
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DEVELOPMENT OF VARIABLE DELIVERY TR
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THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE P
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The injection pressure can be contr
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors gratef
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Figure 4. Theoretical required powe
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Figure 9. Variation of efficiency w
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THE "SKIPJACK" SEWER CLEANING NOZZL
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HYDRO-BLASTING SAFETY C.W. Adaway,
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Remember, your Hydro-Blasting work
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horizontal, sometimes vertical, and
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Figure 2. Safety Gear Figure 3. Tub
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DEVELOPMENTS IN CLEANING COKE OVEN
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causing chain breakages and the scr
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was encountered, then the rotation
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(C) Capital Expenditure: Material i
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Figure 9. Swivel coupling Figure 10
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OPTIMIZING JET CUTTING POWER FOR TU
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PRESSURE DROP (psi) ELEMENT Cv @10
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power output. Undersized nozzles re
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Subscripts n - Nozzle p - Pump t -
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Figure 1. Cutting effect as a funct
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CONSIDERATIONS IN THE COMPARISON OF
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pressure can be lowered to perhaps
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Figure 2: Fan jet issuing from a no
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DISCUSSION NAME: John Griffiths COM
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where Q = Flow rate - gpm D = Jet O
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Again, not limited to Newtonian flu
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REFERENCES 1. Brown, R.W. and Loper
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Table 2. Jet Cleaning Speeds and ot
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ANSWER: The utilization of the stat
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complexity and short component life
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Figure 4, for ap values ranging fro
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Decontamination Methods for rapidly
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a. “PULSER” b.”ORGAN-PIPE”
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Figure 5 - Removal rate for various
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DISCUSSION NAME: David A. Summers C
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DRILLING BORE HOLES IN COAL MINES U
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pile could not be judged as represe
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DISCUSSION NAME: David Summers COMP
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HYDRAULIC MINING EXPERIMENTS IN AN
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The monitor was fed pressurized wat
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The IH rig was considered to be sup
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REFERENCES 1. Okhrimenki, V. A., A.
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Figure 2. Jet cutting sandstone at
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Figure 5. Schematic plan view of In
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Figure 7. Suction Box. 226
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USE OF HIGH PRESSURE WATER JETS FOR
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flame torch to cut this block, redu
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the order of 360 rpm. Under these c
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Figure 3. Slot cut by jet at 11 o s
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JET-MINER SURFACE AND IN-SEAM TRIAL
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The hydraulic drive of the haulage
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The surface trials had have the obj
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Figure 2. Experimental version. Fig
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Figure. 7 Jet-Miner prototype Figur
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SOME PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFE
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Development of High Pressure_Techno
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configurations, the design of an op
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and public sectors. After a haitus
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Souder, W.E. and Evans, R.J., "The
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Figure 5. Technological achievement
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Table 3. Perceived disadvantages of
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already been, or is being applied w
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Using the requirements profile and
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ant hose combination, a guiding sys
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HYDRAULIC MINING TESTS Site selecti
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SAFETY All operations were carried
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TABLE V. Categories of Jet Mining D
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Figure 2. Generalized geologic prof
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SECONDARY FRAGMENTATION WITH WATER
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do possess a maximum point (Fig. 8)
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Figure 4. Rossin-Rammler plot. Figu
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Figure 8. Non-dimensional plot for
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HYDRAULIC COAL MINING SYSTEM Typica
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Figure 4. (From ref. 1) DISCUSSION
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INTRODUCTION Developing an unique t
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The coefficients "b " in Eq. (1) ca
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By the end of 1982, a total of more
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Figure 4. Cutting ability of swing-
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Figure 10. An operating performance
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for an abrasive, the abrasive parti
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the particles, while at slower spee
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to break away the remaining segment
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Table 1. Concrete saw technology. T
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NAME: Tom Brunsing COMPANY: Foster-
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FEASIBILITY STUDY OF CUTTING SOME M
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hydraulic power required to cut thr
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pressure was varied from 103 to 310
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2.1 Heading and gutting fresh cod f
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Figure 5. The cuts surface of a blo
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Figure 17. Cuts made across the cla
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JET NOTCHING USED IN THE CONSTRUCTI
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Bottom notch diameter was determine
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σ H = in-situ stress in the horizo
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Figure 3. Final block displacement.
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Figure 8. Comparison of Slurry Pump
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THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF AN UNDER
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use taps or hydrants. To achieve th
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supply line. It was determined that
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The rotating head requires major mo
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Figure 4. System field test set-up
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Figure 10. Bentonite drilled clay s
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MECHANICAL TOOLS Cutting Tool Energ
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Ψ = cos −1 ⎧ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪
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mode also contributes to chip flush
Page 352 and 353: NAME: Simon Johnson COMPANY: Newcas
Page 354 and 355: ROLLER TOOLS COMBINED WITH HIGH-PRE
Page 356 and 357: Various designs and applications ar
Page 358 and 359: Figure 1. Full-face tunneling machi
Page 360 and 361: Figure 11. roadway profile cutting
Page 362 and 363: Figure 19. High-pressure water jet
Page 364 and 365: DESIGN AND OPERATION OF TWO LARGE-S
Page 366 and 367: The hydraulic system for the thrust
Page 368 and 369: Results of Trial Tests As part of m
Page 370 and 371: cutting rates, degree of bit wear,
Page 372 and 373: Overall approximate Weight: Basic M
Page 374 and 375: Figure 5. 3 ft. diameter laboratory
Page 376 and 377: nozzle diameter and cutting speed w
Page 378 and 379: 2. Cutting Speed The influence of c
Page 380 and 381: energy it effects an increase in me
Page 382 and 383: Tip angle (degrees) 87 Off-set angl
Page 384 and 385: Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7 Figure
Page 386 and 387: Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Fi
Page 388 and 389: SCHEMES OF COAL MASSIF BREAKAGE BY
Page 390 and 391: out thoroughly an efficient scheme
Page 392 and 393: Research analysis has proved that t
Page 394 and 395: DEPENDENCE OF POWER INDICES OF COMB
Page 396 and 397: The experiments have shown how the
Page 398 and 399: K Ay = coefficient correcting for f
Page 400 and 401: Figure 1. Schemes of combined break
Page 404 and 405: Figure 12. Percentage of grade R -6
Page 406 and 407: Figure 1. Particle size analysis. T
Page 408 and 409: NAME: Dr. Henkel COMPANY: Bergbau-F
Page 410 and 411: presented. This study, of course, i
Page 412 and 413: identifying a general trend for the
Page 414 and 415: Effect of Abrasive Hardness, Shape
Page 416 and 417: In some situations, especially in c
Page 418 and 419: Figure 1. Abrasive waterjet nozzles
Page 420 and 421: Figure 8. Effect of standoff distan
Page 422 and 423: Figure 13. Abrasive waterjet cuts i
Page 424 and 425: CUTTING WITH ABRASIVE WATERJETS M.
Page 426 and 427: 3.3 Abrasive Feed Systems For abras
Page 428 and 429: Because of the large number of infl
Page 430 and 431: due to wear. Although actual operat
Page 432 and 433: from this new technology. Table 2 l
Page 434 and 435: Table 1. materials cut by abrasive
Page 436 and 437: Figure 1. Abrasive waterjet nozzles
Page 438 and 439: a) kerfs in mild steel b) S.S. 15.5
Page 440 and 441: a) circle cutting in glass b) lamin
Page 442 and 443: DISCUSSION NAME: Andrew F. Conn COM
Page 444 and 445: CUTTING HARD ROCK WITH ABRASIVE-ENT
Page 446 and 447: slurry nozzle. Testing at water pre
Page 448 and 449: DISCUSSION OF TEST RESULTS Jet Conf
Page 450 and 451: materials. The flexibility in nozzl
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pressure can be wiped out if diffic
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9. Maurer, W.C., and Heilheckler, J
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Figure 5. Effect of abrasive feed r
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Figure 9. Accumulated depth of mult
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Figure 13. Close-up view of quartzi
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ABRASIVE INJECTION USAGE IN THE UNI
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sudden changes in the feed rate eff
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or the abrasive must be manually to
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clog; there not being sufficient ar
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CODE OF PRACTICE FOR THE USE OF ABR
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Figure 5. Water abrasive cleaning h
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Figure 15. 360 0 abrasive pipe clea
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ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS IN WATER JE
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Other criteria to be considered in
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3 MANUAL METHODS OF JET CLEANING &
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contractor with old, unsafe, equipm
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Figure 1. Showing the increased cos
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Figure 8. Automatic tube bundle cle
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ackground to the subsequent coopera
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The molecules of SUPER-WATER posses
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shaken just before use. SUPERWATER
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26. Bednarz, L.P., "Effects of Poly
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