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Drosophila - Severo Ochoa - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

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Jefe <strong>de</strong> Línea /<br />

Group Lea<strong>de</strong>r:<br />

Ricardo Amils<br />

Biología molecular <strong>de</strong> extremófilos<br />

Molecular biology of extremophylic<br />

microorganisms<br />

E3<br />

Personal Científico /<br />

Scientific Staff:<br />

Irma Marín<br />

Francisco Santamaría<br />

José Luis Sanz<br />

Francisco Hernán<strong>de</strong>z<br />

Lola García Grávalos<br />

Postdoctorales /<br />

Postdoctoral:<br />

Moustafá Malki<br />

Emiliano Díaz<br />

Becarios Predoctorales /<br />

Predoctoral Fellows:<br />

Enrique Marín<br />

Antonio García<br />

Lucía Palacios<br />

Nuria Fernán<strong>de</strong>z<br />

Thorsten Köchling<br />

Alberto González Fairen<br />

Nicolás Raho<br />

Lilia Montoya<br />

Monika Oggerin <strong>de</strong> Orube<br />

Carlotta Vizioli<br />

Patxi San Martín-Üriz<br />

Eric Zettler<br />

Técnicos <strong>de</strong> Investigación /<br />

Technical Assistance:<br />

Nuria Rodríguez<br />

Científicos Visitantes /<br />

Visiting Scientists:<br />

Antonio Lazcano<br />

(U. Nacional <strong>de</strong> México, Mexico)<br />

Linda Amaral<br />

(MBL Woods Hole, USA)<br />

Vicente Marcano (<strong>Universidad</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> los An<strong>de</strong>s, Venezuela)<br />

Sarah Stewart Johnson<br />

(Harvard Medical School, USA)<br />

Konstantinos A. Kormas<br />

(University of Thessaly, Grecia)<br />

Mohieddine Moumni<br />

(<strong>Universidad</strong> Moulay Ismaïl,<br />

Meknès Marruecos)<br />

Rosa Martínez Silvestre<br />

(<strong>Universidad</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

Cantabria, España)<br />

Beatriz Reguera Ramirez<br />

(Instituto Oceanográfico<br />

Español, Vigo, España)<br />

Regulación <strong>de</strong> la expresión génica Regulation of gene expression<br />

Resumen <strong>de</strong> investigación<br />

El grupo <strong>de</strong> Biología Molecular <strong>de</strong> Extremófilos posee<br />

distintas líneas <strong>de</strong> investigación cuyos objetivos principales<br />

se resumen a continuación:<br />

Acidofilia: ecología molecular, biología molecular y<br />

biotecnología <strong>de</strong> microorganismos que se <strong>de</strong>sarrollan en<br />

ambientes ácidos, con especial énfasis en los aspectos<br />

aplicados <strong>de</strong> los mismos: biohidrometalurgia, bio<strong>de</strong>sulfuración<br />

<strong>de</strong> carbones, secuestro específico <strong>de</strong> metales pesados,<br />

fitorremediación.<br />

Ecología microbiana <strong>de</strong> ambientes extremos terrestres como<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong> interés en astrobiología: geomicrobiología <strong>de</strong> la<br />

cuenca <strong>de</strong>l Tinto (análogo <strong>de</strong> Marte) y <strong>de</strong> las lagunas<br />

hipersalinas <strong>de</strong> la Mancha (análogos <strong>de</strong> Europa). Este trabajo<br />

se <strong>de</strong>sarrolla en colaboración con el laboratorio <strong>de</strong><br />

Extremofilia <strong>de</strong>l Centro <strong>de</strong> Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA).<br />

Ecología molecular microbiana <strong>de</strong> ambientes anaerobios:<br />

I) Caracterización <strong>de</strong> la microbiota <strong>de</strong> sedimentos marinos y<br />

reactores <strong>de</strong>snitrificantes y su implicación, respectivamente,<br />

en la <strong>de</strong>gradación anaerobia <strong>de</strong> alquilbenceno sulfonato<br />

(LAS) y en la eliminación simultánea <strong>de</strong> NO3 - y H2S/S2O3 2-<br />

(<strong>de</strong>snitrificación autotrófica). II) Metanogénesis en ambientes<br />

inusuales. III) Degradación anaerobia <strong>de</strong> xenobióticos<br />

(LAS, organoclorados).<br />

Microalgas tóxicas: I) Desarrollo <strong>de</strong> métodos moleculares<br />

para la <strong>de</strong>tección <strong>de</strong> organismos productores <strong>de</strong> toxinas<br />

diarreicas (DSP) y paralizantes (PSP); II) Aislamiento y<br />

caracterización <strong>de</strong> bacterias asociadas a cepas tóxicas y no<br />

tóxicas <strong>de</strong>l dinoflagelado Alexandrium minutum productor <strong>de</strong><br />

toxinas paralizantes (PSP). Posible interés biotecnológico;<br />

III) Estudio <strong>de</strong> la variabilidad genética <strong>de</strong> Dinophysis spp.<br />

Figura 1.Hibridación <strong>de</strong> fitoplacton marino.<br />

Figure 1. Hybridization of marine phytoplankton.<br />

Research summary<br />

The Extremophiles group has different research projects in<br />

which the main objectives are the following:<br />

Acidophilia: molecular ecology, molecular biology and<br />

biotecnology of microorganisms <strong>de</strong>veloping in acidic<br />

environments, with special emphasis in their potential<br />

applications: biohydrometallurgy, coal bio<strong>de</strong>sulfurization,<br />

specific metal sequestering, phytoremediation.<br />

Microbial ecology of terrestrial extreme environments as<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>ls of interest in astrobiology: geomicrobiology of the<br />

Tinto River Basin (Mars analog) and the hypersaline ponds<br />

from la Mancha (Europa analogs). This work is done in<br />

collaboration with the laboratory of Extremophiles of the<br />

Centro <strong>de</strong> Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA).<br />

Microbial molecular ecology of anaerobic environments:<br />

I) Characterization of the microbiota of marine sediments and<br />

<strong>de</strong>nitrifying reactors and its respective implication in the<br />

anaerobic <strong>de</strong>gradation of alkylbencene sulfonate (LAS) and in<br />

the elimination of NO3 - y H2S/S2O3 2- (autotrophic <strong>de</strong>nitrification).<br />

II) Methanogenesis of unusual environments. III) Anaerobic<br />

<strong>de</strong>gradation of xenobionts (LAS, organochlori<strong>de</strong>s).<br />

Harmful algal blooms: I) Development of molecular<br />

methodologies for the <strong>de</strong>tection of microalgae producing<br />

diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) or paralytic shellfish<br />

poisoning (PSP), II) Isolation and characterization of<br />

bacteria associated to toxic and non-toxic strains of<br />

Alexandrium minutum, a producer of paralytic shellfish<br />

poisoning (PSP); Posible biotechnological interest. III) Study<br />

of the genetic variability of Dinophysis spp.<br />

Publicaciones<br />

Publications<br />

Bruscella, P., Cassagnaud, L., Ratouchniak, J., Brasseur, G., Lojou, E., Amils, R. and Bonnefoy, V. (2005).<br />

Tat-<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt processing and translocation in Escherichia coli of the HiPIP from the acidophilic<br />

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Microbiology. 151, 1421-1431.<br />

Briones, C., Manrubia, S.C., Lázaro, E., Lazcano, A. and Amils, R. (2005). Reconstracting evolutionary<br />

relationships from functional data: a consistent classification of organisms based on translation inhibition<br />

response. Molec. Phylogen. Evol., 34, 371-381.<br />

González-Toril, E., Martínez-Frías, J., Gómez Gómez, J., Rull, F., Amils, R. (2005). Iron-meteorite eating<br />

bacteria. Astrobiology. 5, 406-414.<br />

López-Archilla, A.I., González, A.E., Terrón, M.C., Amils, R. (2005). Diversity and ecological relationships<br />

of the fungal populations of an acidic river of Southwestern Spain: the Tinto River. Canadian J. Microbiol.<br />

50, 923-934.<br />

Amils, R. (2005). Extremofilia, interés astrobiológico. Rev. Esp. Física. 19, 24-28.<br />

Fernán<strong>de</strong>z-Remolar, D., Morris, R.V., Gruener, J.E., Amils, R. and Knoll, A.H. (2005). The Rio Tinto Basin,<br />

Spain: Mineralogy, Sedimentary Geobiology, and implications for interpretation of outcrop rocks at<br />

Meridiani Planum, Mars. Eart Planet.Sci.Lett. 240, 149-167.<br />

Amils, R, Gómez-Elvira, J. (2005). Río Tinto: en busca <strong>de</strong> vida marciana. Espacio. 2, 66-70.<br />

Schulze-Makuch, D., Irwin, L.N., Lipps, J.H., Lemote, D., Dohm, J.M.<br />

and Fiaren, A.G. (2005). Scenarios for the evolution of life on Mars.<br />

J. Geophys. Res. Vol 110, E12S23, doi:10.1029/2005JE002430,2005.<br />

Aguilera, A., Amils, R. (2005). Tolerante to cadmium in<br />

Chlamydomonas sp. (Chlorophyta) strains isolated from an extreme<br />

acidic environment, the Tinto River (SW, Spain). Aquatic Toxicology.<br />

75, 316-329.<br />

Fairen, A.G., Dohm, J.M., Uceda, E.R., Rodríguez, A.P., Baker, V.R.,<br />

Fernán<strong>de</strong>z-Remolar, D., Shulze-Makuch, D. and Amils, R. (2005). Prime<br />

candidate sites for astrobiological exploration through the hydrological<br />

history of Mars. Planetary and Space Science. 53, 1355-1375.<br />

Marín, I., Sanz, J.L. and Amils, R. (editores). (2005). Biotecnología y<br />

medioambiente. Editorial Ephemera. ISBN: 84-609-7344-1.<br />

González-Toril, E., Gómez, F., Malki, M. and Amils, R. (2006). Isolation<br />

and study of acidophilic microorganisms. In: Rainey, F., Oren, A.<br />

(eds.). Methods in Microbiology. Elsevier, Oxford, Vol. 35, pp. 463-502.<br />

Palacios, L., Reguera, B., Franco, J. and Marín, I. (2006). Phylogenetic<br />

diversity of bacteria associated with toxic and non-toxic strains of<br />

Alexandrium minutum. African J. Marine Science. 28, 409-414.<br />

Prieto-Ballesteros, O., Kargel, J.S., Fiaren, A.G., Fernán<strong>de</strong>z-Remolar,<br />

D., Dohm, J.M. and Amils, R. (2006). Interglacial clathrate<br />

<strong>de</strong>stabilization on Mars: Posible contributing source of its atmospheric<br />

methane. Geology. 34, 149-152.<br />

Palacios, L., Arahal, D.R., Reguera, B. and Marín, I. (2006). Hoeflea<br />

alexandrii sp. Nov., isolated from the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium<br />

minutum AL1V. Int. J. System. Evol. Microbiol. 56, 1991-1995.<br />

Fernán<strong>de</strong>z, N., Gómez, R., Amils, R. and Sanz, J.L. (2006). Microbial<br />

community of autotrophic <strong>de</strong>nitrifying UASB reactors. In IWC2006,<br />

Porto, Portugal, pp. 284-290. ISBN 972-8688-40-7.<br />

Aguilera, A., Manrubia, S.C., Gómez, F., Rodríguez, N. and Amils, R.<br />

(2006). Eukaryotic community distribution and its relationship to water<br />

physicochemical parameters in an extreme acidic environment, Río<br />

Tinto (Southwestern Spain). Appl. Environm. Microbiol. 72, 5325-5330.<br />

Navarro-González, R., Navarro, K.F., <strong>de</strong> la Rosa, J., Iñiguez, E.,<br />

Molina, P., Miranda, L.D., Morales, P., Cienfuegos, E., Coll, P., Raulin,<br />

F., Amils, R. and MacKay, C. (2006). The limitations on organic<br />

<strong>de</strong>tection in Mars-like soils by thermal volatilization-gas<br />

chromatography-MS and their implications for the Viking results.<br />

PNAS, 103, 16089-16094.<br />

Fernán<strong>de</strong>z, M., Gómez, R., Amils, R., Sierra-Alvarez, R., Field, J.A. and<br />

Sanz, J.L. (2006). Microbiological and structural aspects of granular<br />

sludge from autotrophic <strong>de</strong>nitrifying reactors. Water Science and<br />

Technolog. 54, 11-17.<br />

Malki, M., González-Toril, E., Sanz, J.L., Gómez, F., Rodríguez, N. and<br />

Amils, R. (2006). Importance of the iron cycle in biohydrometallurgy.<br />

Hydrometallurgy. 83, 223-228.<br />

Díaz, E.E., Stams, A.J.M., Amils, R. and Sanz, J.L. (2006). Phenotypic<br />

properties and microbial diversity of methanogenic granules from a<br />

full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor trating brewery<br />

wastewater. Appl. Environm. Microbiol. 72, 4942-4949.<br />

Aguilera, A., Gómez, F., Lospitao, E. and Amils, R. (2006). A molecular<br />

approach to the characterization of the eukaryotic communities of an<br />

extreme acidic environment: methods for DNA extraction and<br />

<strong>de</strong>naturating gradient gel electrophoresis analysis. Syst. Appl.<br />

Microbiol. 29, 593-605.<br />

Hutchinson, L., Mustard, J., Gendrin, A., Fernán<strong>de</strong>z-Remolar, D. Amils,<br />

R. and Amaral-Zettler, L. (2006). Finding mineralogically interesting<br />

targets for exploration from spatially coarse visible and near IR<br />

spectra. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 252, 201-214.<br />

CBM 2005/2006<br />

118<br />

Figura 2. Estructura <strong>de</strong> lodo granular.<br />

Figure 2. Structure of granular sludge.<br />

Schulze-Makuch, D., Dohm, J.M., Fiaren, A.G., Baker, V.R., Fink, W. and Strom, R.G. (2005). Venus, Mars,<br />

and the ices of Mercury and the Moon: astrobiological implications and proponed misión <strong>de</strong>signs.<br />

Astrobiology. 5, 778- 795.<br />

González-Toril, E., García-Moyano, A. and Amils, R. (2005). Phylogeny of prokaryotic microorganisms from<br />

the Tinto River. In: Harrison, S.T.L., Rawlings, D.E., Petersen, J. (eds.), IBS2005. Cape Town University,<br />

Cape Town, pp. 737-749.<br />

Malki, M., González-Toril, E., Sanz, J.L. Gómez, F., Rodríguez, N. and Amils, R. (2005). Importance of the<br />

iron cycle in biohydrometallurgy. In: Harrison, S.T.L., Rawlings, D.E., Petersen, J. (eds.), IBS2005.<br />

Cape Town University, Cape Town, pp. 737- 749.<br />

Tesis doctorales<br />

Doctoral Theses<br />

Alberto González Fiaren. (2006). Datación <strong>de</strong> posibles procesos<br />

biológicos en Marte en función <strong>de</strong> su historia tectónica y <strong>de</strong> la<br />

evolución hidrogeológica y geoquímica <strong>de</strong> los océanos.<br />

119

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