A Chronology of Middle Missouri Plains Village Sites

18 • smithsonian contributions to botany
Amaranthaceae
Genera. Total: 22; native: 18; endemic: 1.
Taxa. Total: 88; native: 65; endemic: 15.
Achyranthes altissima Jacq. = Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth
Achyranthes aspera L., Sp. Pl. 204. 1753, var. aspera; Centrostachys
aspera (L.) Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 5: 75. 1915.
Achyranthes aspera L. var. indica L., Sp. Pl. 204. 1753; Achyranthes
indica (L.) Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8. 1768; Centrostachys indica
(L.) Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 5: 75. 1915.
Achyranthes aspera L. var. obtusifolia (Lam.) Griseb., Fl. Brit. W. I. 62.
1859; Achyranthes obtusifolia Lam., Encycl. 1: 545. 1785.
Achyranthes virgata Poir. in J.B.A.P.M. de Lamarck, Encycl. Suppl. 2:
10. 1811.
Distribution: Widely naturalized in Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto
Rico, Virgin Islands (Guana, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas,
Tortola, Virgin Gorda), Lesser Antilles (Antigua, Barbados,
Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saba, St. Lucia, St. Vincent), Aruba,
Bonaire, Curaçao, and Margarita; probably originated from Old
World tropics.
Common Names: Rabo de gato (Cuba), Cadillo de gato, Huevo
de gato, Rabo de gato, Rabo de ratón (Dominican Republic),
Cabaioc, Feuilles la fiebre, Herbe de fievre, Herbe la fievre, Queue
de rat, Santypite (Haiti), Man-better-man, Marie-pourrie, Ven-ven
(Lesser Antilles).
References: 1, 2, 3, 7, 19, 35, 45, 58, 150, 224, 252, 295, 323, 340.
Note: Considered an invasive species by CeNBIO.
Achyranthes aspera L. var. indica L. = Achyranthes aspera L. var. aspera
Achyranthes aspera L. var. obtusifolia (Lam.) Griseb. = Achyranthes
aspera L. var. aspera
Achyranthes aspera L. var. pubescens (Moq.) M. Gómez, Noc. Bot.
Sist. 58. 1893; Achyranthes fruticosa Lam. var. pubescens Moq. in
A.L.P.P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(2): 314. 1849.
Distribution: Exotic in Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, and Lesser Antilles
(Barbados, Grenadines,); probably originated from Old World
tropics.
References: 1, 7, 58, 150, 224, 252.
Note: Considered an invasive species by CeNBIO.
Achyranthes axillaris Hornem. ex Willd. = Alternanthera axillaris
(Hornem. ex Willd.) D. Dietr.
Achyranthes bettzickiana (Regel) Standl. = Alternanthera tenella Colla
var. bettzickiana (Regel) Veldkamp
Achyranthes crassifolia Standl. = Alternanthera crassifolia (Standl.) Alain
Achyranthes fruticosa Lam. var. pubescens Moq. = Achyranthes aspera
L. var. pubescens (Moq.) M. Gómez
Achyranthes halimifolia Lam. = Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.)
Standl. ex Pittier
Achyranthes hirtiflora A. Rich. = Cyathula achyranthoides (Kunth) Moq.
Achyranthes indica (L.) Mill. = Achyranthes aspera L. var. aspera
Achyranthes lanuginosa Nutt. = Tidestromia lanuginosa (Nutt.) Standl.
Achyranthes obtusifolia Lam. = Achyranthes aspera L. var. aspera
Achyranthes peploides (Humb. & Bonpl.) Britton = Alternanthera
caracasana Kunth
Achyranthes polygonoides sensu Britton & P. Wilson = Alternanthera
paronychioides A. St.-Hil.
Achyranthes portoricensis (Kuntze) Standl. = Alternanthera crucis
(Moq.) Boldingh
Achyranthes ramosissima (Mart.) Standl. = Alternanthera ramosissima
(Mart.) Chodat
Achyranthes repens L. = Alternanthera pungens Kunth
Achyranthes serpyllifolia Poir. = Alternanthera serpyllifolia (Poir.) Urb.
Achyranthes sessilis (L.) Besser = Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC.
Achyranthes virgata Poir. = Achyranthes aspera L. var. aspera
Acnida australis A. Gray = Amaranthus australis (A. Gray) J.D. Sauer
Acnida cuspidata Bertero ex Spreng. = Amaranthus australis (A. Gray)
J.D. Sauer
Alternanthera achyrantha (L.) R. Br. = Alternanthera pungens Kunth
Alternanthera axillaris (Hornem. ex Willd.) D. Dietr., Syn. Pl. 1: 866.
1839; Achyranthes axillaris Hornem. ex Willd., Enum. Hort.
Berol. 270. 1809.
Distribution: Endemic to Greater Antilles; native to Cuba and
Hispaniola.
References: 3, 7, 152.
Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson = Alternanthera tenella
Colla var. bettzickiana (Regel) Veldkamp
Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 537. 1891;
Gomphrena brasiliana L., Cent. Pl. 2, 13. 1756.
Alternanthera dentata (Moench) Stuchlik ex R.E. Fries, Ark. Bot. 16
(13): 11. 1920; Gomphrena dentata Moench, Suppl. Meth. 273.
1802.
Alternanthera jacquinii (Schrad.) Alain, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 92: 292.
1965.
Mogiphanes straminea Mart., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 2: 35. 1826.
Distribution: Native to Lesser Antilles (Barbados, Dominica, Grenada,
Guadeloupe, Marie Galante, Martinique, Montserrat, St. Lucia,
St. Vincent), Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, Margarita, Mexico,
Central America, and South America; exotic in Bahamas,
Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands (St. John).
Common Names: Cucaracha extranjera, Cucaracha morada
(Dominican Republic), Bouton blac, Marguerite à fleurs rouges
(Lesser Antilles).
References: 1, 6, 7, 19, 30, 45, 58, 150, 151, 152, 159, 323.
Alternanthera canescens Kunth in F.W.H.A. von Humboldt, A.J.A.
Bonpland & C.S. Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 2: 204. 1818.
Distribution: Native to Bahamas, Margarita, and South America.
References: 45, 323.
Alternanthera caracasana Kunth in F.W.H.A. von Humboldt, A.J.A.
Bonpland & C.S. Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 2: 205. 1818.
Alternanthera peploides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Roem. & Schult.)
Urb., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 168. 1918; Illecebrum
peploides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 5:
517. 1820; Achyranthes peploides (Humb. & Bonpl.) Britton in
N.L. Britton & P. Wilson, Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands
5: 279. 1924.
Distribution: Native to Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto
Rico, Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas), Lesser
Antilles (Anguilla, Antigua, Barbados, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Saba, St. Barthélemy, St. Eustatius, St. Martin, St. Vincent), and
North America.
Common Name: Washerwoman (Bahamas).
References: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 19, 45, 58, 61, 151.
Alternanthera caribaea Moq. = Lithophila muscoides Sw.
Alternanthera crassifolia (Standl.) Alain, Contr. Ocas. Mus. Hist. Nat.
Colegio “De La Salle” 9: 1. 1950; Achyranthes crassifolia Standl.,
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 32: 241. 1919.
Distribution: Endemic to Cuba.