Hydrauliska Strömningsmaskiner
Hydrauliska Strömningsmaskiner
Hydrauliska Strömningsmaskiner
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7. FÖRLUSTER OCH VERKNINGSGRADER...................................................................... 87<br />
7.1 Mekaniska förluster ........................................................................................................ 87<br />
7.2 Läckageförluster ............................................................................................................. 87<br />
7.3 Hydrodynamiska förluster .............................................................................................. 89<br />
7.4 Förlustöversikt................................................................................................................ 89<br />
7.5 Verkningsgrader ............................................................................................................. 90<br />
7.5.1 Mekanisk verkningsgrad.......................................................................................... 90<br />
7.5.2 Hydraulisk verkningsgrad........................................................................................ 91<br />
7.5.3 Totalverkningsgrad.................................................................................................. 92<br />
8. REAKTIONSGRAD ............................................................................................................ 93<br />
9. TRANSIENTA FÖRLOPP I RÖRLEDNINGAR ................................................................ 96<br />
9.1 Långsamma instationära förlopp .................................................................................... 96<br />
9.2 Snabba instationära förlopp ............................................................................................ 99<br />
9.2.1 Exempel på snabbt förlopp...................................................................................... 99<br />
9.2.2 Joukowskis ekvation.............................................................................................. 101<br />
9.2.3 Grafisk representation av Joukowskis ekvation .................................................... 102<br />
9.2.4 Grafisk lösningsmetod........................................................................................... 102<br />
APPENDIX A TEORI............................................................................................................ 114<br />
A.1 Slutna och öppna system. Kontrollvolym och kontrollyta........................................... 114<br />
A.2 Transformationssamband mellan system- och kontrollvolymsbetraktelse .................. 115<br />
A.3 Kontinuitetsekvationen (integralform) ........................................................................ 118<br />
A.4 Rörelseekvationen (integralform) ................................................................................ 120<br />
A.5 Momentekvationen (integralform)............................................................................... 122<br />
A.6 Energiekvationen (integralform). Termodynamikens första huvudsats....................... 125<br />
A.7 Likformighet ................................................................................................................ 129<br />
A.8 Axiell hastighet i axialhjul........................................................................................... 130<br />
A.9 Stagnationstrycksförlusten........................................................................................... 133<br />
SÖKORD................................................................................................................................ 134<br />
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