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146 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [Octobek, in place, aud the end of it was perfectly free. All openings to outside attachments were also free. " The bonnet on the blow-off valve was removed, and the valve was examined. No defect was found. It is possible that there was a very slight leak just beginning, but the valve was practically tight. I next removed the cap on the check valve in the feed pipe, between the stop valve and the boiler. This check valve is shown in the accom- panying sketch. It has a |" lift, taken by a spiral lead, and a ^" edge. When raised, it tits snugly up in tlie bonnet, so that no pressure can reach the top of the valve to force it downward. With pressure in the pipe, the flow could therefore readily change from feedmg the boiler to emptying it, the flow of water holding the valve ojje7i, instead of closing it. As no defect was found in the blow-off pipe connections, or elsewhere, it is believed that the check valve on the feed pipe did act in this manner, under the peculiar conditions presently to be mentioned, and that it was the cause of the accident. The feed water is pumped into a live steam purifier, fitted with shelves, and from the purifier it falls into the boilers by gravity. The purifier became full of water and began to back water through its live steam supply pipe into the main steam pipe; so that it became necessary to blow it off, to drain it to the proper level. The live steam supply to the purifier was stopped, by shutting off that end of the main steam pipe; so that the pressure in the purifier fell below the 115 lbs. boiler pressure. As this pressure gradually decreased, the blow-off valve on the purifier being open, the pressure in the boiler forced the water in the boiler back through the feed pipe, its check valve refusing to act, and out through the purifier blow-off. If the pressure had not been shut off the purifier, the accident would not have happened. Also, if the internal feed pipes had not been run down to within a few inches of the lower sheet, so much water would not have been backed out of the boiler." It is proper to say that this article is not inspired by a desire to depreciate the. particular check valve shown in the cut, but merely to call attention to the particular combination of circumstances that led to trouble in the present case. Possibly tliis same combination may not occur elsewhere, for years ; yet it is well to call attention to accidents of this character, because they sometimes throw light on other accidents, which, even though quite different in details, may nevertheless be of the same general nature. Inspectors' Report. May, 1893. During this month our inspectors made 7,300 inspection trips, visited 14,160 boilers, inspected 6,082 both internally and externally, and subjected 722 to hydrostatic pressure. The w'hole number of defects reported reached 10,834, of which 919 were considered dangerous; 52 boilers were regarded unsafe for further use. Our usual summary is given below : ... Nature of Defects-. Cases of deposit of sediment, .... Cases of incrustation aud scale, . . . Cases of internal grooving, Cases of internal corrosion, - - - . Cases of external corrosion, - - - - Broken and loose braces and stays, - - - ^'hole Number.
1898.] THE LOCO MOT I VE 147 Nature of Defects. ... SBettiiigs defective, - ' - Furnaces out of shape, Fractured plates. Burned plate.s, lilistered plates, ... Cases of defective riveting, - Defective heads, Serious leakage around tube ends, Serious leakage at seams. Defective water-gauges. Defective blow-ofis, - Ca.ses of deficiency of water. Safety-valves overloaded, Safety-valves defective in construction. Pressure gauges defective, Boilers without pressure gauges, Unclassified defects, - Whole Number.
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^ rtE.'pTWE © (§) THE LOCOMOTIVE.
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THE LOCOMOTIVE. [January, a o o M -
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6 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [January. In both
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3 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [Januahy, been em
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^Q THE LOCOMOTIVE. [January, ])rove
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42 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [January, Sit «
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14 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [January. After
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16 TlIK hOCOMO'J'i Vi.. Incorporate
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18 THE LOCOMOTIVE, [Februaky, stren
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20 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [February, could
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22 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [February, Natur
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24 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [Februart Paper
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26 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [February, injur
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28 THE LOCOMOTIVE. Pit *0tiim$tlt
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30 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [February, jured
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32 Incorporated 1866. THE LOCOMOTIV
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34 THE LOCOMOTIVE, [March, pressure
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36 T II E L () C O yi O T l\E. [Mar
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38 'i^il^ LOCOMOTl V i:. [Makcu, (1
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40 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [March, art & Co
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42 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [March, Ml ^^^'3
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44 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [Makch, should h
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^(3 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [March, power o
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48 Incorporated 1866. THE LOC (J MO
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50 THE L O C O 31 U T I ^' E , [Apr
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52 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [April, (This is
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54 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [April, Castle,
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56 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [April, sious ar
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58 ' THE LOCOMOTIVE. [April, Hit St
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,60 THE LOCOMOTIVE. L-^p«il, nortl
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62 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [Aprfl, these pi
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64t Incorporated 1866. THE LOCOMOTI
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66 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [May, much as we
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68 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [May, diameter o
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70 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [May, by tirlce
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72 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [May, Boiler Exp
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74 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [May, HARTFORD,
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76 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [Mat, weeks amou
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'^8 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [Ma\% coat-tail
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80 Incorporated 1866. THE LOCOMOTIV
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82 THE LOCOMOTIVE, [June,
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84 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [June, Boiler Ex
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86 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [June, (105.)
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88 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [June, The Heliu
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go THE LOCOMOTIVE. [JrxE, Mkt Elttt
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92 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [June, ills lett
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•94 THE LOCOMOTIVE [June, .21 ia
Page 104 and 105: 96 Incorporated 1866. THE LOCOMOTIV
Page 106 and 107: 98 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July, worked ov
Page 108 and 109: : ^QO THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July, Inspec
Page 110 and 111: 102 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July, (132).
Page 112 and 113: 104 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July, " The am
Page 114 and 115: 106 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July, tttSttlt
Page 116 and 117: -iQQ THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July, and als
Page 118 and 119: 110 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July without t
Page 120 and 121: 112 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July. Incorpor
Page 122 and 123: 114 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [August, to whi
Page 124 and 125: 116 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [August, tion.
Page 126 and 127: 118 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [August, (147.)
Page 128 and 129: -120 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [August, A lar
Page 130 and 131: •J22 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [August, git
Page 132 and 133: 124 THE LOCOMOTIVE [August, hard en
Page 134 and 135: 126 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [August, The Bu
Page 136 and 137: 128 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [August. Incorp
Page 138 and 139: ^30 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [September, pau
Page 140 and 141: 132 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [September,. iu
Page 142 and 143: -[34 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [September, Fi
Page 144 and 145: 136 THE LOCOMOTIVE, [September, .35
Page 146 and 147: 138 THE LOCOMOTIVE, [September, add
Page 148 and 149: 140 THE LOCOMOTIVE lSeptember, On a
Page 150 and 151: d42 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [September, cas
Page 152 and 153: 144 Incorporated 1866. THE LOCOMOTI
Page 156 and 157: i48 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [October, Natur
Page 158 and 159: [50 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [October, Curti
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Page 164 and 165: -[56 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [October, Tlie
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Page 170 and 171: 162 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [November, that
Page 172 and 173: : 16^4 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [XOVEMLER, I
Page 174 and 175: 166 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [November, boil
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Page 178 and 179: 170 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [November, KILL
Page 180 and 181: 172 THE LOCOMOTIVE [November, Boile
Page 182 and 183: 174 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [:November, sel
Page 186 and 187: 178 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [December, grap
Page 188 and 189: : 180 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [December, In
Page 190 and 191: ^82 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [December, that
Page 192 and 193: 184 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [December, HART
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Page 196 and 197: 188 THE LOCOMOTIVE [Decembeb, angle
Page 198 and 199: 190 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [December, Such
Page 200 and 201: i92 Incorporated 1866. THE LOCOMOTI
Page 202 and 203: INDEX, Equivalent of heat, redeterm
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