Training Manual on Energy Efficiency - APO Asian Productivity ...

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<strong>Training</strong> <strong>Manual</strong> on Energy Efficiency for Small and Medium Enterprises • Use of rapidly renewable materials (material which could be replenished within a life cycle of 10 years) • Declaration of the site as a non-smoking area, or provision of designated areas for smoking • Maintenance of indoor environmental quality, to avoid ‘sick building’ syndrome • Use of low VOC (volatile organic compound) paints, sealants, and adhesives. 11.3 BENEFITS OF GREEN BUILDINGS Green buildings have tremendous benefits, both tangible and intangible. The most tangible benefit is in reduction of operating energy and water costs right from day one, and during the entire life cycle of the building. Green buildings offer a range of benefits, including the following: • 30% to 40% reduction in operation cost • Green corporate image • Health and safety of building occupants • Enhanced occupant comfort • Improved productivity of occupants • Incorporation of best operational practices from day one • Incorporation of latest techniques and technologies. 11.4 GOOD PRACTICES IN THE BUILDING SECTOR This section outlines some good practices criteria related to them, and technologies and strategies available for realizing them. Practice 1: Plan for minimum energy requirements Criteria: Establish the minimum level of energy efficiency for the base building and systems. Practice 2: Design to meet building energy efficiency and performance as required by ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-1999 or the local energy code, whichever is the more stringent. Technologies and strategies: • Design the building envelope and building systems to maximize energy performance. • Use a computer simulation model to assess the energy performance and identify the most cost-effective energy efficiency measures. • Quantify energy performance as compared to a baseline building. • Have an energy audit performed for the facility regularly. - 112 -
Practice 3: Optimize energy performance Criteria: Achieve increasing levels of energy performance above the prerequisite standard to reduce environmental impacts associated with excessive energy use. Practice 4: Reduce design energy cost compared to the energy cost budget, for regulated energy components, described in the requirements of ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999, as demonstrated by a whole building simulation using the Energy Cost Budget Method. Regulate energy components include HVAC systems, building envelope, service hot water systems, lighting and other regulated systems as defined by ASHRAE. It is often possible to reduce design energy cost by 10%–60%. Technologies and strategies: • Have an energy audit conducted for the building/facility. Design the building envelope and building systems to maximize energy performance. • Use a computer simulation model to assess the energy performance and identify the most cost-effective energy efficiency measures. Quantify energy performance as compared to a baseline building. • North light roofing, transparent roof sheets, ventilation design, chimney effect through tower design, aerated concrete blocks/hollow bricks, high ceiling, roof cooling salts. Practice 5: Plan for increasing levels of renewable technology use Criteria: Encourage and recognize increasing levels of self-supply through renewable technologies to reduce environmental impacts associated with fossil fuel energy use. Practice 6: • Supply a net fraction of the building’s total energy use (as expressed as a fraction of annual energy cost) through the use of on-site renewable energy systems. • Target the achievement of renewables share of total energy cost at between 5% and 20%. Technologies and strategies: Green Building Concepts and Good Building Practices • Assess the project for renewable energy potential including solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, hydro, and bio-gas strategies. • When applying these strategies, take advantage of net information and Institutions local and international. • Solar PV, CFL Solar hot water systems, solar cookers, bio-gas plants (rural segment), vermin composting. Practice 7: Plan for minimizing CFC Refrigerants in HVAC equipment Criteria: Reduce ozone depletion. - 113 -
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7. ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN PUMPS 64 7.
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LIST OF TABLES 1-1 Gross calorific
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FOREWORD With the rising costs of e
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