Training Manual on Energy Efficiency - APO Asian Productivity ...

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<strong>Training</strong> <strong>Manual</strong> on Energy Efficiency for Small and Medium Enterprises Practice 8: • Zero use of CFC-based refrigerants in new building HVAC base building systems. • When reusing existing base building HVAC equipment, complete a comprehensive CFC phase out conversion. Technologies and strategies: • When reusing existing HVAC systems, conduct an inventory to identify equipment that uses CFC refrigerants and adopt a replacement schedule for these refrigerants. • For new buildings, specify new HVAC equipment that uses no CFC refrigerants, e.g. VAR or R134A in vapor compression systems. • Eco-friendly refrigeration systems, VAR (Central A/c) chillers. Practice 9: Plan for minimizing ozone depletion Criteria: Reduce ozone depletion and support early compliance with the Montreal Protocol. Practice 10: Install base building level HVAC and refrigeration equipment and fire suppression systems that do not contain HCFCs or Halons. Technologies and strategies for adoption: • When reusing buildings, replace inventory of refrigerants and fire suppression chemicals in existing building systems with those that contain HCFCs or halons. • For new buildings, specify refrigeration and fire suppression systems that use no HCFCs or halons. Practice 11: Plan for easy accounting of energy and water consumption Criteria: Provide for the ongoing accountability and optimization of building energy and water consumption performance over time. Practice 12: Plan with long-term continuous measurement of performance: • Lighting systems and controls • Constant and variable motor loads • Variable frequency drive (VFD) operation • Chiller efficiency at variable loads (kW/ton) • Cooling load • Air and water economizer and heat recovery cycles • Air distribution static pressures and ventilation air volumes • Boiler efficiencies • Building-specific process energy efficiency systems and equipment • Indoor water risers and outdoor irrigation systems - 114 -
Technologies and strategies: • Through building energy audit, model the energy and water systems to predict savings. • Design the building with equipment to measure energy and water performance. • Draft a Measurement and Verification Plan to apply during building operation that compares predicted savings to those actually achieved in the field. Practice 13: Plan for water-efficient landscaping Criteria: Limit or eliminate the use of potable water for landscape irrigation. Practice 14: • Use high efficiency irrigation technology, or • Use captured rain or recycled site water, to reduce potable water consumption for irrigation over conventional means. Technologies and strategies: • Perform a soil/climate analysis to determine appropriate landscape types. • Design the landscape with indigenous plants to reduce or eliminate irrigation requirements. • Use high-efficiency irrigation systems and consider reuse of storm water for irrigation. • Adopt ISO:14000 certification for large facilities. • Use pervious paver blocks, roof cover with gardens, rainwater harvesting. Practice 15: Plan for maximum wastewater reuse and less dependence on municipal water source Criteria: Reduce the generation of wastewater and potable water demand, while increasing the local aquifer recharge. Practice 16: • Reduce the use of municipally provided potable water for building sewage conveyance, or • Treat all wastewater on-site for re-use application. Technologies and strategies: Green Building Concepts and Good Building Practices • Estimate the wastewater volume generated in the building and specify high-efficiency fixtures and dry fixtures such as composting toilets and waterless urinals to reduce these volumes. • Consider reusing storm water for sewage conveyance or on-site wastewater treatment systems (mechanical or natural). • Biological root zone treatment. • Recycled water for gardening. • Sewage water for mechanical (filter press drum) type cleaning systems, etc. - 115 -
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The opinions expressed in this publ
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2.5 Boiler water treatment 14 2.6 E
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7. ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN PUMPS 64 7.
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LIST OF TABLES 1-1 Gross calorific
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6-1 Induction motor 56 6-2 Boosting
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FOREWORD With the rising costs of e
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