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117 Land Navigation • Convert a magnetic azimuth when the G-M angle is greater than the magnetic azimuth (Figure 6-15). Figure 6-15. Converting to a grid azimuth when the G-M angle is greater. The G-M angle diagram should be constructed and used each time the conversion of azimuth is required. Such procedure is important when working with a map for the first time. It also may be convenient to construct a G-M angle conversion table on the margin of the map. NOTE: When converting azimuths, exercise extreme care when adding and subtracting the G-M angle. A simple mistake of 1° could be significant in the field. 117.7 Discuss the technique used to orient a map using a compass. ORIENTING THE MAP The first step for a navigator in the field is orienting the map. A map is oriented when it is in a horizontal (flat) position with its north and south corresponding to the north and south on the ground. Some orienting techniques follow: Using a Compass. When orienting a map with a compass, remember that the compass measures magnetic azimuths. Since the magnetic arrow points to magnetic 117-28
Land Navigation 117 north, pay special attention to the declination diagram. There are two techniques used. First Technique. Determine the direction of the declination and its value from the declination diagram. • With the map in a horizontal position, take the straightedge on the left side of the compass and place it alongside the north-south grid line with the cover of the compass pointing toward the top of the map. This procedure places the fixed black index line of the compass parallel to northsouth grid lines of the map. • Keeping the compass aligned as directed above, rotate the map and compass together until the magnetic arrow is below the fixed black index line on the compass. At this time, the map is close to being oriented. • Rotate the map and compass in the direction of the declination diagram. • If the magnetic north arrow on the map is to the left of the grid north, check the compass reading to see if it equals the G-M angle given in the declination diagram. The map is then oriented (Figure 11-1). Figure 11-1. Map oriented with 10 degrees west declination. 117-29
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PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION STANDARD (P
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page History & Si
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101 Marine Corps History, Customs a
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102 USMC Mission and Organization 1
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102 USMC Mission and Organization M
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102 USMC Mission and Organization 1
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102 USMC Mission and Organization o
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102 USMC Mission and Organization T
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102 USMC Mission and Organization A
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102 USMC Mission and Organization R
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102 USMC Mission and Organization U
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102 USMC Mission and Organization W
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103 Safety Fundamentals Operational
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103 Safety Fundamentals TRAINING In
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103 Safety Fundamentals RESPIRATORY
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103 Safety Fundamentals Identifying
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104 Administrative Fundamentals are
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104 Administrative Fundamentals 104
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104 Administrative Fundamentals adj
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104 Administrative Fundamentals col
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104 Administrative Fundamentals As
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104 Administrative Fundamentals ass
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104 Administrative Fundamentals Spe
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104 Administrative Fundamentals sig
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104 Administrative Fundamentals Spe
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104 Administrative Fundamentals Thi
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) each f
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) Tactic
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) (airbo
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) 105-8
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) the MA
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) 105.7
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) 105-14
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) c. CH-
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) i. KC-
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) pole c
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) Assis
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) Provi
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) H&S ba
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) The MA
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) area
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) 105.12
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) Perfo
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) • Co
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105 Air Combat Element (ACE) (excep
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) Com
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) 106
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) Com
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) Lig
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) The
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) The
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) 60m
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) Gen
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) M2
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) M-1
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) per
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) Ide
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106 Ground Combat Element (GCE) num
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107 Logistic Combat Element and obs
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107 Logistic Combat Element Intelli
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107 Logistic Combat Element 107.8 D
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107 Logistic Combat Element 107.9 D
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107 Logistic Combat Element TECHNIC
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107 Logistic Combat Element 60% slo
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107 Logistic Combat Element Length:
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107 Logistic Combat Element Payloa
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107 Logistic Combat Element The seq
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107 Logistic Combat Element command
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107 Logistic Combat Element ARRIVAL
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107 Logistic Combat Element • Ove
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107 Logistic Combat Element Provid
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107 Logistic Combat Element 107.12
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107 Logistic Combat Element Provid
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107 Logistic Combat Element This pa
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108 Command Element (CE) . Organiza
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108 Command Element (CE) Supporting
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108 Command Element (CE) Radio Batt
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108 Command Element (CE) Operationa
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108 Command Element (CE) This page
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109 Amphibious Operations 109.2 Sta
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109 Amphibious Operations place of
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109 Amphibious Operations Mission T
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109 Amphibious Operations The San A
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109 Amphibious Operations LSD-44 U
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109 Amphibious Operations General I
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109 Amphibious Operations as requir
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109 Amphibious Operations 109.13 Di
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110 Force Protection Military comma
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110 Force Protection FPCON BRAVO Ap
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110 Force Protection Measure CHARL
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110 Force Protection CIRCUMSTANCES
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110 Force Protection divided into s
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111 General Combat Leadership Artic
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111 General Combat Leadership be pl
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111 General Combat Leadership Respo
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111 General Combat Leadership This
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112 USMC Operations The heart of Op
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112 USMC Operations 112.2 Explain t
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112 USMC Operations HA force or a p
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112 USMC Operations 112.6 Define an
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112 USMC Operations found in the Jo
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112 USMC Operations OPLAN Operation
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113 Environmental Awareness OSHA Ha
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113 Environmental Awareness Evaluat
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113 Environmental Awareness All su
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113 Environmental Awareness Do not
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113 Environmental Awareness This pa
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114 Communications 114.1 Discuss th
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114 Communications of the official
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114 Communications HF Radio HF radi
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114 Communications Sky Wave. Beyond
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114 Communications Provide secure o
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114 Communications o There are a nu
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114 Communications The Phonetic Alp
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