Friesia X, 4-5
Friesia X, 4-5
Friesia X, 4-5
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large number of small, r oun d, black sclerotia of the imperfect fungus<br />
Cenococcum geophilum FR. (syn. C. graniforme (Sow.) FERD. et<br />
WINGE).<br />
The occurrence of this fungus in cultivated soil was not known,<br />
and a literary survey concerning the biology and distribution of t he<br />
species was therefore made.<br />
The collected soil samples were analysed for the content of sclero<br />
tia in order to elucidate the occurrence in arable soil in Denmark. The<br />
soil samples were also analysed for 13 different edaphic fact or s,<br />
which were related to the number of Cenococcum sclerotia found, in<br />
order to disclose a possible correlation between the edaphic conditions<br />
and the number of sclerotia .<br />
NOMENCLATURE<br />
Throughout the nineteenth century the name Cenococcum geophi<br />
lum FR. was used in the mycological literature. However, in their<br />
monographic study of Cenococcum FR. FERDINANDSEN & WINGE (1925)<br />
showed, from authentic material, that Ceno coccum geophilum FR.<br />
(1825) is identical with Lycoperdon graniforme Sow. (1800) . After<br />
their opinion the fungus should therefore be termed Cenococcum gra<br />
niforme (Sow.) comb. nov.<br />
However, according to t he International Code of Botanical No<br />
menelature (1969) the starting point for valid publication of names<br />
of fungi - with the exception of Uredinales, Ustilaginales and<br />
Gasteromycetes - is the work by E. FRIES: Systema mycologicum,<br />
I-III, published 1821-32. FRIES used the name Cenococcum geophilum<br />
in Systema orbis vegetabilis, I, p. 364 (1825) and in Systema mycologicum,<br />
III, p. 66 (1829), where he also cited Lycoperdon graniforme<br />
Sow. as a synonym. Consequently Cenococcum geophilum FR. must<br />
be considered the correct name for the fungus, and C. graniforme<br />
(Sow). FERD. & WINGE is therefore a synonym.<br />
LITERATURE<br />
FERDINANDSEN & WINGE (1925) gave in their monographic study<br />
a detailed survey of the mycological works on Cenococcum geophilum.<br />
Below is given a short review of papers published after 1925, especi<br />
ally concerning C. geophilum's mycorrhiza-formation, geographical