02Knights Templar - Julian Emperor

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SAINTS is said to have changed the opinions of many and to have converted many. This early pivotal theological dispute was to lead to the famed Council of Nicea and to the establishment of the Nicean Creed that still stands as a central point of belief within Orthodox andWestern Christianity.The Nicean Creed teaches that Christ the Son is of the same substance as God the Father. The Council of Nicea took place in 325 AD and was presided over by Constantine the Great who later wrote to St Anthony, asking that he pray for his soul and recognising him as a renowned holy man capable of working miracles. St Anthony is also said to have met St Paul of Thebes who is traditionally regarded as the first Christian hermit. St Jerome wrote an account of the life of St Paul of Thebes and relates that St Anthony met him in the desert. The meeting was said to have occurred not long before the death of St Paul. According to St Jerome, it was marked by a strange omen when a raven dropped a loaf of bread from the sky. Even more bizarrely, St Anthony is said to have requested that two lions should dig a grave for St Paul with their claws and is alleged to have buried him in a cloak that had been given to him by St Athanasius. St Paul died in 345 AD and is supposed to have been over 100 years old at his death. It has been suggested that he retreated to the desert to escape religious persecution. St Anthony is believed to have also lived a very long life, apparently dying at the age of 105 in the year 356 AD. Although he was originally buried in an unknown location, in 561 AD it was claimed that his relics had been discovered and they were taken to Alexandria. Interestingly, in religious art, St Anthony is commonly depicted accompanied by a small pig and carrying a bell.The origins of this imagery do not derive from his lifetime but lie in the Middle Ages. It is claimed •34•
SAINTS IN EASTERN CHRISTIANITY that the Order of the Hospital Brothers of St Anthony, or Antonines, possessed some of the saint’s relics and kept them at Saint-Didier de la Mothe, which became an important centre of pilgrimage.They wore black robes emblazoned with the Greek letter Tau, or St Anthony’s cross, in blue. When the members of the order called for alms in the streets, they rang bells as they went.They also had the unique right to let their pigs run free in the streets.These two aspects of the order and their connection to St Anthony were taken up by religious artists from that time onwards.A further connection between St Anthony and these two images can be found in the use of the word ‘tantony’ which, in English, can signify either the smallest pig in a litter or the smallest bell in a carillon. St Pachomius Another important figure within the history of the early Christian Church who was born in Egypt is St Pachomius. However, whilst St Anthony and St Pachomius shared the same religious creed, they were markedly and interestingly different in their approaches to religious life. St Pachomius is said to have been born to pagan parents in Upper Egypt and, as a young man, was forced to join the army in about 310 AD. According to the hagiographers, St Pachomius was taken by boat down the river Nile with other conscripted soldiers who were essentially prisoners. It is said that, during his journey, he encountered some Christians who, upon seeing that they were being held as virtual captives, gave the soldiers food and showed them kindness. Following his release from the army in 313 AD, St Pachomius became a Christian himself and was baptised. Initially, he lived as a hermit in the Theban desert. He had been inspired to do so by the example of an old her- •35•
Page 2 and 3: Other Pocket Essentials by Giles Mo
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Page 7: Contents Introduction 9 Early Chris
Page 10 and 11: SAINTS they had led particularly pi
Page 12 and 13: SAINTS pared to die as martyrs for
Page 14 and 15: SAINTS text of a strongly patriarch
Page 16 and 17: SAINTS Initially, he plans to break
Page 18 and 19: SAINTS Muslims because she was the
Page 20 and 21: SAINTS keeper has often been invoke
Page 22 and 23: SAINTS place at Tarrium in Persia a
Page 24 and 25: SAINTS India and Armenia. The circu
Page 26 and 27: SAINTS teachings of Jesus Christ hi
Page 28 and 29: SAINTS valuable link to the history
Page 30 and 31: SAINTS acceptable as a means of pro
Page 32 and 33: SAINTS hagiographies that relate hi
Page 36 and 37: SAINTS mit of whom he had heard cal
Page 38 and 39: SAINTS variously guilty of bribery,
Page 40 and 41: SAINTS Constantinople convened in 3
Page 42 and 43: SAINTS St John Chrysostom Born at A
Page 45 and 46: Celtic and Early English Saints Chr
Page 47 and 48: CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS Chr
Page 49 and 50: CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS num
Page 51 and 52: CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS The
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Page 59 and 60: Saints and OtherWorld Religions Whi
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Page 71 and 72: Saints in the Middle Ages In many w
Page 73 and 74: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES St Franci
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Page 77 and 78: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES of auster
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Page 81 and 82: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES Other imp
Page 83 and 84: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES Erasmus i
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SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES St Sebast
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SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES Knights T
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Saints During the Reformation The P
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SAINTS DURING THE REFORMATION calle
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SAINTS DURING THE REFORMATION Howev
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SAINTS DURING THE REFORMATION the O
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SAINTS DURING THE REFORMATION sente
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SAINTS DURING THE REFORMATION phlet
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Saints in the Modern Era Saints hav
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA Church of
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA Congregati
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA ian work a
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA St Nichola
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA properties
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA dates name
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA other impo
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Appendices A Calendar of Saints’
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APPENDICES February 15 St Sigfrid F
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APPENDICES April 18 St Aya April 19
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APPENDICES June 17 St Rainerius of
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APPENDICES August 11 St Clare Augus
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APPENDICES October 9 St Denis Octob
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APPENDICES December 1 St Edmund Cam
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APPENDICES Patron Saints of Occupat
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APPENDICES Students St Thomas Aquin
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APPENDICES St Anne Red robe, doorwa
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APPENDICES St Raphael Fish St Rock
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APPENDICES St Osmund Salisbury,Wilt
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APPENDICES Greece St Paul Holland S
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APPENDICES Saints and Health Proble
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Web Pages www.catholic.org/saints w
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Jenkins, Simon, Englan
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Abda al-Qadir al-Jilani, 68 Act of
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Domitian, 21 dragons, 21, 49, 79, 8
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Magdalene, Mary, 18-19 Mahatma, 11
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society, 9, 14, 57, 68, 71, 76, 91-
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02Knights Templar - Julian Emperor

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