02Knights Templar - Julian Emperor

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SAINTS and the Holy Ghost – through reference to the three leaves of the shamrock. St Petroc St Petroc is arguably one of the most overlooked saints of the British Isles from the formative period of Celtic Christianity. He is the patron saint of Cornwall and Devon although St Michael and St Piran are also important saints within these counties. Little is known with certainty about his life and what records have survived have been disputed but he is known to have lived during the sixth century. It is generally accepted that he came from South Wales and some traditions state, more specifically, that his father was King Glywys of Glywsing, the ancient name for Glamorgan. His influence can be determined in both North and SouthWales through several local place names. In NorthWales the village of Llanbedrog is dedicated to him and in South Wales St Petrox is named for the saint. Variations of the spelling of Petroc are common. OtherWelsh sources name him as Pedrog whilst in English he is sometimes called Petrock. French sources name him as Perreux. As a missionary spreading the Christian faith, St Petroc travelled from SouthWales by sea to Haylemouth. He founded a monastery at Lanwethinoc that was re-named ‘Petroc’sstow’ in his honour.This is the origin of the place name of the Cornish seaside town of Padstow. Later in life, he founded a monastery at the site of Little Petherick. He is famous for having lived as a hermit on Bodmin Moor and, in a story similar to one told of St Giles, he is said to have protected a stag that was being hunted. In religious imagery he is often shown with a stag in memory of this event. It is interesting to note that a •48•
CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS number of hermit saints can be linked to wild animals in this way. Arguably, there are at least superficial parallels between them and pre-Christian sacred figures such as tribal shamans and Iron Age druids. In Celtic religions, Herne the Hunter or Cernunnos is depicted as an antlered god who leads the wild hunt whilst shamans often wore antler headgear during rituals and ceremonies. It may be that the symbolism of St Petroc and the stag has been influenced by, and acknowledges, older cultural traditions. Also, in western Christian iconography of the Middle Ages, Christ is often represented by a white stag. Other probably unreliable legends concerning St Petroc record that he was responsible for converting the pagan king, Constantine of Dumnonia, to the Christian faith. In one unusual legend, St Petroc is also said to have helped rather than harmed a dragon by removing a splinter from its eye. When St Petroc died he was buried at Padstow. However, some time around 1000 AD, his relics, including possessions such as his bell and staff, were moved to Bodmin, which became his major shrine. In 1177, these relics were stolen by a Breton who carried them to the Abbey of St Meen in Brittany. The theft was brought to the attention of Bartholomew, Bishop of Exeter who, in turn, related the matter to King Henry II. The king ordered that the relics be returned to Bodmin but a single rib was left at St Meen. Today there are churches dedicated to St Petroc in Wales, Cornwall and Brittany whilst Devon has no less than eighteen named in his honour. His popularity in Devon is such that the flag of Devon is known as St Petroc’s Cross and features a white cross with black edging on a green background. •49•
Page 2 and 3: Other Pocket Essentials by Giles Mo
Page 4 and 5: This edition published in 2008 by P
Page 7: Contents Introduction 9 Early Chris
Page 10 and 11: SAINTS they had led particularly pi
Page 12 and 13: SAINTS pared to die as martyrs for
Page 14 and 15: SAINTS text of a strongly patriarch
Page 16 and 17: SAINTS Initially, he plans to break
Page 18 and 19: SAINTS Muslims because she was the
Page 20 and 21: SAINTS keeper has often been invoke
Page 22 and 23: SAINTS place at Tarrium in Persia a
Page 24 and 25: SAINTS India and Armenia. The circu
Page 26 and 27: SAINTS teachings of Jesus Christ hi
Page 28 and 29: SAINTS valuable link to the history
Page 30 and 31: SAINTS acceptable as a means of pro
Page 32 and 33: SAINTS hagiographies that relate hi
Page 34 and 35: SAINTS is said to have changed the
Page 36 and 37: SAINTS mit of whom he had heard cal
Page 38 and 39: SAINTS variously guilty of bribery,
Page 40 and 41: SAINTS Constantinople convened in 3
Page 42 and 43: SAINTS St John Chrysostom Born at A
Page 45 and 46: Celtic and Early English Saints Chr
Page 47: CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS Chr
Page 51 and 52: CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS The
Page 53 and 54: CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS 672
Page 55 and 56: CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS mon
Page 57 and 58: CELTIC AND EARLY ENGLISH SAINTS a r
Page 59 and 60: Saints and OtherWorld Religions Whi
Page 61 and 62: SAINTS AND OTHER WORLD RELIGIONS an
Page 63 and 64: SAINTS AND OTHER WORLD RELIGIONS Ba
Page 65 and 66: SAINTS AND OTHER WORLD RELIGIONS in
Page 67 and 68: SAINTS AND OTHER WORLD RELIGIONS wi
Page 69 and 70: SAINTS AND OTHER WORLD RELIGIONS tr
Page 71 and 72: Saints in the Middle Ages In many w
Page 73 and 74: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES St Franci
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Page 77 and 78: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES of auster
Page 79 and 80: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES elation t
Page 81 and 82: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES Other imp
Page 83 and 84: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES Erasmus i
Page 85 and 86: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES St Sebast
Page 87 and 88: SAINTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES Knights T
Page 89 and 90: Saints During the Reformation The P
Page 91 and 92: SAINTS DURING THE REFORMATION calle
Page 93 and 94: SAINTS DURING THE REFORMATION Howev
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SAINTS DURING THE REFORMATION phlet
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Saints in the Modern Era Saints hav
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA Church of
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA Congregati
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA ian work a
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA St Nichola
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA properties
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA dates name
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SAINTS IN THE MODERN ERA other impo
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Appendices A Calendar of Saints’
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APPENDICES February 15 St Sigfrid F
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APPENDICES April 18 St Aya April 19
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APPENDICES June 17 St Rainerius of
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APPENDICES August 11 St Clare Augus
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APPENDICES October 9 St Denis Octob
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APPENDICES December 1 St Edmund Cam
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APPENDICES Patron Saints of Occupat
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APPENDICES Students St Thomas Aquin
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APPENDICES St Anne Red robe, doorwa
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APPENDICES St Raphael Fish St Rock
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APPENDICES St Osmund Salisbury,Wilt
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APPENDICES Greece St Paul Holland S
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APPENDICES Saints and Health Proble
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Web Pages www.catholic.org/saints w
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Jenkins, Simon, Englan
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Abda al-Qadir al-Jilani, 68 Act of
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Domitian, 21 dragons, 21, 49, 79, 8
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Magdalene, Mary, 18-19 Mahatma, 11
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society, 9, 14, 57, 68, 71, 76, 91-
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