I Fiance Apicultural

64
Table 22-Scale parameters and implied economies or
diseconomies in transaction costs of RFIs, India,
1961/62-1981/82
Institution
1961/62- 1971/72- 196 1/62­
1970/71 1981/82 1981/82
State cooperative banks (SCBs)
District central cooperative banks
1.05 (CRS)
2.21 (SDE)
0.9-1 (CRS)
0.99 (CRS)
1.81 (CRS)
1.58 (CRS)
(DCCBs)
Primary agricultural cooperative 1.2e (SDE) 1..2 (SDE) 1.31 (SDE)
credit societies (PACS)
Cooperative land development 0.81 (CRS) 1.98 (CRS) 1.30 (CRS)
banks (CLDBs)
Indian scheduled( couiuercial 1.68 (SI)E) 0.83 (SE) 1.12 (CRS)
banks (ISC11s)
Regional lialiblks tRIMs)
......
0.91 (CRS)
SoiIrce: Desai and Nalboodili 1991.
Notes: Scale pa tailleIers :i1 (let ived fl(ll ecollllo ie'iC ciost fli-tiot ill whicli traisaclion
costs is a depenidenit saliable anid assets plus liabilities. exchlilitg Cinlra
items, is iii tlepeidetll valiable. lioih are itwasllied ill (olistalil 1970/71
prices. bheagric-iiliial NI)' deflator is used to oblail h sallies in real terills.
ellns to scale, imnplyiig ieitfiet scale ecolloillies nt disecolno-
CRS = cotnstatnt i t
lilies, because scale palail eter is statistic:iliy not siglificaliliy different
fromn 1.
scale, lecause scale
SDE - scale (lisec(ontouiies, iiplyiig (lecieasingtertis to
paialnelel is stahistically and signiicaitly g tiaer a I.
to scale. fiecatise scale pa-
SE = scale econiillies. iiplyiing ill(i easilg letUlils
laitietet is slalisticalls alid siguificantly less iatl I.
aor 1977/78-1981/82 oillv.
u1iCie 11.1ik of'Stidatn paid
The govertnlneit of'Sudai j):ii('l 10peteit
the icst. ABS's iain souitces of fuids, ill olrder of inii)oltaliCe, wer- lOal
r(ecovelies, own caipilal, Solle (de)osits, alid "irTCgulai" iiisertions of
extelnal ftiinds fr-olli lhe govetiicltlen aii(l frlnt tloiioits" (Ahiimed and
Adamns 1987, 3).
ABS supplies cledit, itp)roved seeds, fer tilizers, insecticides, extension
services, and lhysical services such as hiandiling, storage, and marketing,
besides iiirket infolialion to its b)olTowers. It txtcllds these
services to "sul))olt :agiiculli ile1 i( ol her activities tllat ale ilcidlental,
accessory, ancillaiy, al subsidiauty tirclo i offeiing assistaiice ill cash,
kind, goods, or se.viccs to a1) 1)rovef 1)crs(tiis who are irintiatily ilgaged
in agriculltuC or allied and subsidiary industries" (A. I1. Ahnied 1980,
76-77). For all of its services, ABS gives p)iefcrti(:( to stlitall- and titedititilsized
farnilCrs and to agritcultural c ol)l et1 tives.
ABS ias two de riiitl its: agricuhlt i-al eretlit a:uld fiunatici:, 'Thrtough
its inetwoik of 2, biraticlis, ABS exteids crelit aid othei scrvices to
individual fariierts undei goverlilie-i. and sciiigo -iiinielt agiicultural
schelnes alid tll-ough agiicutltiial coo)erIativ'e-s. Credit is largely extended
to those farnlers who can provide satisfalctory collateral. ABS's