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lood lead levels and hematopoietic biomarkers, such as erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EPP) and hemoglobin and hematocrit, using nationally representative data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) DNA bank, 1991-1994 (n=6016). Other covariates in the model were age, sex, race/ethnicity, hematocrit, serum transferrin saturation, serum ferritin. Results: In multiple linear regression models, at the highest blood lead quartile (3.7-52.9 μg/dL) ALAD was associated with log EPP. ALAD 2 carriers had statistically significant lower log EPP (β coeff=-0.10; SE= 0.02. p
weight (P=0.016) and small for gestation age (P=0.008). As for the placental p,p’- DDE, an inverse association was seen with the head circumference (P=0), crownheel length (P=0), birth height (P=0.002) and birth weight (P=0.007). Placental p,p’-DDT was also inversely related to crown-heel length (P=0), gestational age (P=0.018), placental thickness (P=0.003), placental diameter (P=0.023) and cord diameter (P=0). These results suggest that prenatal DDT exposure may have an impact on various measures of reproductive outcome, and further studies are urgently required to identify sources of this exposure in order to set preventive procedures. 1209 TRENDS IN PARAOXONASE 1 ACTIVITY AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS IN A RURAL POPULATION OVER TIME. L. Badtke 1 , K. M. Kelly 2 , K. Wang 3 , J. A. Merchant 2 and G. Ludewig 1, 2 . 1 Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 2 Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA and 3 Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a glycoprotein capable of hydrolyzing many pesticides. There is substantial variation in serum PON1 activity among individuals within a population due to genetic, intrinsic and environmental factors. Low PON1 activity has been associated with increased risk for atherosclerosis and other disorders. It has been shown that PON1 levels appear to be lower in older populations, but no known study has measured serum PON1 activity in the same individuals over time. In a prospective population study ongoing since 1994 and now in its 3rd cycle of data/specimen collection, blood serum and questionnaire data are gathered roughly every 5 years from 499 rural Iowans ages 8-86 at the study onset. Since low PON1 activity increases the risk of pesticide toxicity, we were interested in the effects of lifestyle, diet, occupational exposure and age on PON1 activity. In this pilot study, the 3 serum samples from 31 females and 30 males were evaluated for PON1 activity using phenyl acetate and CMPA [4-(Chloromethyl)phenyl acetate] as substrates. Mixed model analyses (alpha = .05) did not significantly show the expected decrease in serum PON1 activity over time with either substrate. Body Mass Index, gender, location (farm/rural/town), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not significantly influence substrate levels, though gender, BMI and location showed a marginal influence. This population also demonstrated no significant changes in these factors over this 10-year span. This pilot study did not conclusively confirm the assumed age-related decrease in PON1 levels or changes in these lifestyle and health parameters. Increasing the number of participants and including more questionnaire data will allow us to identify risk factors for low PON1 status and allow us to counsel at-risk subpopulations about their individual pesticide vulnerability. (NIEHS P42ES013661 and U07/CCU706145 from CDC/NIOSH) 1210 A CASE CONTROL STUDY OF CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA IN SHANGHAI, CHINA. S. A. Gross 1, 2 , R. D. Irons 1, 3, 4 , D. Galbraith 5 and D. Paustenbach 5 . 1 Fudan- Cinpathogen Clinical and Molecular Research Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2 ChemRisk, Boulder, Co., 3 School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Denver, Co., 4 Cinpathogen, Boulder, CO and 5 ChemRisk, San Francisco, CA. We report the results of a hospital-based case-control study of 36 consecutive patients diagnosed with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) over a 4-year period. Diagnoses were made by a single laboratory using 2001 WHO criteria. Subjects were age/gender matched to two controls and interviewed by questionnaire concerning previous disease, work histories and exposures to potential etiologic agents. Further sub-classification of CMML indicated 61% CMML-1, 22% CMML-2 with 16% not further defined. The frequency of clonal cytogenetic abnormalities in all CMML cases was 31%, with no specific pattern identified. Complex karyotypes were observed in five CMML cases, four of which involved chromosomes 5, 7 and or 8. Selected risk factors were evaluated and compared between the cases and control subjects. Five study subjects were determined to have some benzene exposure; a finding that was not statistically significant. There was no difference between cases and controls in exposure to other solvents or fuels. However, there was a difference in the proportion of cases exposed to organic phosphates versus control subjects, albeit not statistically significant (p = 0.07). The proportion of cases with a prior medical history of blood disorders was statistically significant (p = 0.02, CI -.008 to 0.230) and the proportion of cases with no prior medical disease was also statistically (p = 0.032, CI -0.351 to -0.038). None of the selected risk factors associated with non-occupational exposure to etiologic agents was significantly different between the study subjects. Our results indicate that chronic benzene exposure is not a risk factor for developing CMML. 1211 NEW FOOD-BORNE HAZARD PARASITE TOXIN. D. Irikura 2 , M. Saito 1 , Y. Yahata 3 , Y. Sugita-Konishi 2 and Y. Kamata 2 . 1 Kumagaya Meat Inspection Center Saitama Prefecture, Kumagaya, Saitama, Japan, 2 Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, Japan and 3 Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjiku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan. In some parts of Japan, there is a traditional habit of eating raw equine flesh. Recently, a new food-borne disease, which is the major symptom of nausea and diarrhea, resulting from raw equine flesh, containing a Sarcocysis (S.) spp., which might be causative of the new food borne diseases. It has been known that S. hominis and S. suihominis are parasitic in bovine, swine, and human. However, the S. spp., being parasitic in equine is not a parasite for human. We already reported that intravenous injection of the bradyzoite of S.cruzi showed the toxicity such as diarrhea in rabbit. However, the influence of its toxicity to human has not been reported. In this study, we examined the relationship between the case of new food borne diseases and the toxicity of bradyzoite of S. spp., which was isolated from equine flesh. Results] The S. fayeri was found in equine flesh as a specimen, by microscopically and PCR. Experimental studies using the intestinal loop test and the intravenous injection in rabbit revealed that the bradyzoite of S. fayeri induced the entero-toxicity and bloody diarrhea or lethal. This toxicity was resistant to the freezing and thawing, by contrast, it was completely diminished by the pepsin treatment. Conclusion] In this study, our data demonstrated that the toxicity of the bradyzoite of S. fayeri possessed almost same feature of that of S. cruzi, which was isolated from bovine, indicating that it might be possible that a new protein toxin(s) exist in the bradyzoite of S. fayeri caused new food borne in human. 1212 LEVELS OF EXHALED BREATH CONDENSATE PH AND FRACTIONAL EXHALED NITRIC OXIDE IN RETIRED COAL MINERS. J. Lee, J. Shin, J. Lee, K. Lee, J. Kim and B. Choi. Occupational Lung Diseases Institute, Comwel, Ansan, Republic of Korea. Sponsor: I. Yu. Inhaled inorganic dusts, such as coal, can cause inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs, known as pneumoconiosis. Diagnosis of pneumoconiosis depends on morphological changes by radiological findings and functional change by pulmonary function test (PFT). Unfortunately, current diagnostic findings are limited only to lung fibrosis, which is usually irreversibly progressive. Therefore, it is important that research on potential and prospective biomarkers for pneumoconiosis should be conducted prior to initiation of irreversible radiological or functional changes in the lungs. Analytical techniques using exhaled breath condensate (EBC) or exhaled gas are non-invasive methods for detection of various respiratory diseases. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers, such as EBC pH or fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), and pneumoconiosis among 120 retired coal miners (41 controls and 79 pneumoconiosis patients). Levels of EBC pH and FENO did not show a statistically significant difference between the pneumoconiosis patient group and pneumoconiosis patients with small opacity classified by International Labor Organization (ILO) classification. The mean concentration of FENO in the low percentage FEV1 (< 80%) was lower than that in the high percentage (80% ≤) (p=0.023). The mean concentration of FENO in current smokers was lower than that in non smokers (never or past smokers) (p=0.027). Although there was no statistical significance, the levels of FENO in smokers tended to decrease, compared with non smokers, regardless of pneumoconiosis. In conclusion, there was no significant relationship between the level of EBC pH or FENO and radiological findings or PFT. The effects between exhaled biomarkers and pneumoconiosis progression, such as decreasing PFT and exacerbation of radiological findings, should be monitored. 1213 IN VITRO TOXICITY CHARACTERIZATION OF WOOD COMBUSTION PARTICLES. D. R. Dietrich 1 , B. Pieterse 2 , B. van der Burg 2 and S. Gauggel 1 . 1 Human & Environmental Toxicology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany and 2 BioDetection Systems BV, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Exposures to particulate matter (PM) from wood combustion furnaces have the potential to induce respiratory tract diseases in humans. Amongst the main factors contributing to human respiratory tract toxicity are the physicochemical characteristics of the PM as well as the loading of the particles with carcinogenic compounds e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAH mixtures induce xenobiotic metabolism via activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and downstream expression of metabolizing enzymes. Estimation of PAH toxicity exclusively based on chemical analyses appears insufficient as these analyses are routinely restricted to SOT 2011 ANNUAL MEETING 259
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The Toxicologist Supplement to Toxi
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The Toxicologist Supplement to Toxi
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1 BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS FOR TISSU
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that genetic toxicology data are ge
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well-orchestrated lung inflammation
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scribed in the literature. We have
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years ago). We will illustrate how
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involved in the biodegradation proc
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stem cells but rather a treatment i
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additional compound showed agreemen
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82 COMPARISON OF 3H-THYMIDINE INCOR
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irritants. While in practice these
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alleles are especially vulnerable t
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109 CD4+ T CELL INTRINSIC TNF RECEP
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118 TO STUDY THE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTIO
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PAHs, such as dioxins, are prevalen
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containing substituents and/or hydr
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146 COMPUTATIONAL MODELING FOR QT P
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suggest that the combination of too
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164 TRANSLOCATOR PROTEIN (18 KDA) (
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function as a metal binding protein
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laboratory has demonstrated that NR
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known. The aim of this study was to
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from 5 to 28 days in duration) in e
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positive cells, caspase-3 activatio
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creased level in the 46 kDa preproe
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invasiveness at concentrations repr
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thracene (DMBA,50 μg in acetone, a
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247 CO-CARCINOGENESIS OF N, N- DIET
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sponds to the endosomal dsRNA that
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ODD in both WT (maximum 177% of con
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Lastly, using p53siRNA cells, p53 w
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its receptor Mpl to exert its funct
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294 LOW LEVEL OF LEAD CAN INDUCE PH
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lunar surface presented potential h
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lar about cellular export mechanism
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DNA in the kidney medulla, grandula
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5.00 and 7.50 mg/kg/day by oral gav
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events and carcinogenesis. Here we
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tinization of cells of the hair fol
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358 CHARACTERIZATION OF GENOME-WIDE
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RNAi were also performed to identif
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376 A FUNCTIONAL CROSSTALK BETWEEN
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UGT1A gene induction, while this re
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tivity, specifically peroxisome pro
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and cytotoxic effects; however, its
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histone deacetylase that is necessa
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ment. Paradoxically, buthionine sul
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drug leflunomide and its major (A77
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442 GENE EXPRESSION AND MORPHOLOGIC
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451 INHIBITION OF THE MITOCHONDRIAL
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460 SULFORAPHANE PREVENTS ACETAMINO
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drophilic/lipophilic balance. Other
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pharmacokinetic and toxicological p
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489 USE OF ‘OMICS DATA TO IMPROVE
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498 APPLICATION OF AGE-SPECIFIC ADJ
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507 A DOSE VOLUME TOLERABILITY STUD
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involved the use of an acute inflam
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sorption in the gastrointestinal (G
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(ABC) transporters actively transpo
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545 BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF REPIN IN
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a blood pressure phenotype that res
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and inhalation exposure system that
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and lethality associated with these
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position, on vascular reactivity an
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therefore more accurate and reprodu
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commercial chrysotile product that
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elative to their controls. ST-depre
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ats. The majority of the studies fo
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in the China Jintan Child Cohort St
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corneum thickness, cellular epiderm
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645 EVALUATION OF THE IN VITRO EPIS
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654 TCDD ADSORBED ONTO NATURAL AND
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tion revealed no test article-relat
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671 INFLAMMATION AND TISSUE DAMAGE
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model, ethanol was found to inhibit
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689 ENHANCED SUPPRESSIVE FUNCTION O
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NAC + LPS yielded different levels
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707 LIFE-STAGE PBPK MODELS FOR MULT
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downstream of the apical endpoint o
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726 UPDATED ALUMINUM PHARMACOKINETI
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global parameter sensitivity analys
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and renal inflammation induced by 2
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754 PLASMA, URINE, AND TISSUE CONCE
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cently characterized transporter OA
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exposure system was developed from
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lood cell mass and decrease in urin
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practical alternatives to MC in non
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imals dosed with 167 mg/kg THU alon
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and organ weights, clinical signs a
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yet is induced in most bladder and
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830 RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE SPILL: C
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knowledgebase creation. Results are
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852 UNDERSTANDING STRUCTURAL AND PH
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for integrating epidemiology and an
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motor activity, including age of th
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y partial purification of urine (fr
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pacity for self-renewal and may dif
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sue. The depth of our analysis led
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910 IMPLEMENTING CALIFORNIA’S GRE
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concentrations in six tissues and b
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934 THE FDA’S LIVER TOXICITY KNOW
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943 GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION DIF
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membrane localization and subsequen
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trols, respectively. Subtoxic and t
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Page 215 and 216: 988 NNK-INDUCED CYTOKINE ALTERATION
Page 217 and 218: group (one-way ANOVA, p90 % viabili
Page 219 and 220: ered as an organ involved in xenobi
Page 221 and 222: Transport of CPZ across the Caco-2
Page 223 and 224: estrous cycle and sexual behavior d
Page 225 and 226: mRNA expression levels. Collectivel
Page 227 and 228: 1043 THE EFFECTS OF ENDOCRINE DISRU
Page 229 and 230: 1052 MONO-2-ETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE IN
Page 231 and 232: Results: MC was variable within and
Page 233 and 234: UtSMCs. Phosphorylation of FoxO1 wa
Page 235 and 236: nonpregnant and pregnant diabetic m
Page 237 and 238: 1089 PFOA-INDUCED LIVER EFFECTS IN
Page 239 and 240: events in the liver. AZD9056 was ev
Page 241 and 242: The peppermint oil caused a concent
Page 243 and 244: OA did not affect food consumption.
Page 245 and 246: 1126 PERSISTENT DEVELOPMENTAL ARYLH
Page 247 and 248: 1135 BACH2 BINDING TO Prdm1 AS A ME
Page 249 and 250: The purpose of this project was to
Page 251 and 252: one marrow. Since Chk1 is an attrac
Page 253 and 254: 1163 THE MRNA AND MIRNA PROFILE OF
Page 255 and 256: have now compared the IC50 values b
Page 257 and 258: 1181 ELUCIDATION OF FACTORS DETERMI
Page 259 and 260: enced by pre-exposure to cigarette
Page 261: if abnormal PF was associated with
Page 265 and 266: portant cause of death, compared to
Page 267 and 268: posure groups. However, the differe
Page 269 and 270: Naphthalene is routinely analyzed i
Page 271 and 272: 1245 SEASONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF H
Page 273 and 274: 1255 URINARY T, T MUCONIC ACID LEVE
Page 275 and 276: modating a reliable data evaluation
Page 277 and 278: enzoquinone generate ROS and arylat
Page 279 and 280: teins (e.g. C3, 4, and 5, APOB, VDB
Page 281 and 282: 1293 TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BET
Page 283 and 284: mation was decreased to the same le
Page 285 and 286: 1312 EVALUATION OF THE SENSITIVITY
Page 287 and 288: luted OFR and CRL. Culture media ex
Page 289 and 290: urinary TCPy levels, blood and brai
Page 291 and 292: activity. The dose-response curves
Page 293 and 294: mice, each with 4 dose groups. One
Page 295 and 296: exposure to both ATR and DACT has a
Page 297 and 298: third tetratricopeptide repeats (TP
Page 299 and 300: 7d. 28d after TMT injury there was
Page 301 and 302: subunits. Each cell type was treate
Page 303 and 304: 1394 COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF METHYLM
Page 305 and 306: 1403 GENOTOXICITY AND PRE-NEOPLASTI
Page 307 and 308: vated only in high-dose-treated ani
Page 309 and 310: 1421 DOSE-RESPONSE OF NAPHTHALENE-I
Page 311 and 312: cisplatin; 1.2-, 1.9- and 2.9-fold
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Day 11 and started to recover on Da
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1448 DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR QU
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1457 GLOBAL GENE PROFILING REVEALS
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cluding mouse and human macrophage,
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model of lung inflammation and host
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1484 NANOTOXICOLOGY AND NANOHEALTH
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throughput in vitro approach was us
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1502 IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AN AN
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(CIA) and the Streptococcal cell wa
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sitizers were 100% concordant among
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1530 MINIMAL RISK LEVELS FOR STYREN
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ical groups in the field of regulat
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vitro with this potentially insect-
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their performance on toxicological
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need for a better understanding of
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1577 AN IN VITRO MODEL SYSTEM FOR A
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gene expression post-transcriptiona
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1595 GENE EXPRESSION PROFILE OF RAT
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to confirm a hepatotoxic property o
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1613 AN INVESTIGATION OF THE CLEARA
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its nuclear translocation was reduc
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were collected from TK animals at d
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egulated targets were selected for
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U/L after tetracycline. Minocycline
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peri-pubertal FasL-/- mice show a d
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showed similar levels of apoptosis
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1676 TWO BIOMARKERS FOR EVALUATION
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motifs selected. This system was ap
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1693 VOC SERUM LEVELS IN THE GENERA
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1702 DOES THE CLOCK MAKE THE POISON
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those with high nickel content are
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isk assessment. However, unique cha
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model of APAP metabolism and glutat
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logically & morphologically similar
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posure, blood chemistry was analyze
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elated to oxidative stress by measu
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ostasis), but work is needed to tra
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tokine products during carcinogenes
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ways as chemical stressors and, the
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toxicity of nanomaterials relates s
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1815 MEASURING COMPOUND SELECTIVITY
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1825 EFFECTS OF METABOLISM BY INTES
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cyanoacetic acid increased 2-3 fold
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1845 IS THE PROMISCUITY OF THE ARYL
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crorarray analysis. RT-PCR results
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are a family of phase-II biotransfo
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ous labs. As a result of positive s
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down the doses may produce more tox
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spectively. Below 100 mg/l of gemfi
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1900 GENERATION OF PRECISION CUT LI
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iomarkers or observation of lesions
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creased reticulocytes and lymphocyt
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statistically significant interacti
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monize sample preparation and analy
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NPC and sinonasal cancer in neighbo
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showed incidences of lung and nasal
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utylbenzenes, exhibited most simila
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1975 DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION OF CYP
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organic As to MMA(V) and a lower ca
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ole in invasion and metastasis of c
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3T3-L1 cells to low-levels of arsen
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2011 IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL VX M
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This work was supported by Cooperat
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2029 EFFICACY OF ENDOTRACHEAL ADMIN
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Diazepam injections and its combina
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2047 ESTERASE ACTIVITIES AND HEMOST
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nanoparticle-induced toxicity progr
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house, were iv infused into rats ov
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een explored. This study investigat
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croscopic analysis revealed that on
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egg yolk collected from turtles inh
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consistency of results in both expe
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2111 CYTOCHROME P450 3A5 GENOTYPE I
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esidues of organophosphates or thei
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manganism. Recent work from our lab
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Aβ1-40 in CSF and hippocampus in P
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2147 CATALASE MANIPULATIONS MODIFY
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ation based on real-world exposure
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NPs. Aggregation of citrate-stabili
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2175 THE ROLE OF SURFACE CHEMISTRY
Page 473 and 474:
seen rapid uptake in biological ima
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effect on uterine weight or vaginal
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dicating widespread exposure. While
Page 479 and 480:
components into the liver parenchym
Page 481 and 482:
2223 ISOLATION AND DETECTION OF RIC
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stored (-20 celsius degree). The co
Page 485 and 486:
2241 DDA, A BIOMARKER FOR ENVIRONME
Page 487 and 488:
2249 INTERACTION BETWEEN DIETARY SE
Page 489 and 490:
2258 PHARMACOKINETICS, EXCRETION BA
Page 491 and 492:
2267 SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC FLUORES
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2276 METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION OF
Page 495 and 496:
ment of hypertension in companion a
Page 497 and 498:
for the propyl series can be used f
Page 499 and 500:
2304 IN VITRO EXPOSURE AND EVALUATI
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2313 THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF SODI
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genes that play a crucial role in M
Page 505 and 506:
2330 THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMING GROWT
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ined following up to 96 h continuou
Page 509 and 510:
effect doses obtained with the rat
Page 511 and 512:
diated transcriptional response of
Page 513 and 514:
docrine disruptor activities of EDC
Page 515 and 516:
individuals. Week 6 results were qu
Page 517 and 518:
functionality of photosystem II and
Page 519 and 520:
wild mice (Mus musculus) from areas
Page 521 and 522:
2406 TOXICITY AND BIOACCUMULATION O
Page 523 and 524:
Isocitric acid is the acid in the h
Page 525 and 526:
2425 EFFECTS OF FUMONISINS IN ETHAN
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centration(μg/g) were: 5.1-95.3; 2
Page 529 and 530:
2445 AUTOPHAGY IN DEVELOPMENT: A LI
Page 531 and 532:
sures to inhaled Mn in dust. Nevert
Page 533 and 534:
2466 CRITICAL EVALUATION OF ANIMAL
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elationships predict that resting r
Page 537 and 538:
2489 COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF BIODIE
Page 539 and 540:
2497 TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF
Page 541 and 542:
2506 TOXICOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS O
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launched with the aim of developing
Page 545 and 546:
forms mRNA expression levels were a
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2534 CUTANEOUS WOUND HEALING IN THE
Page 549 and 550:
wells (0, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, an
Page 551 and 552:
2553 AN ORGANOTYPIC MICROLIVER PLAT
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serum-free media. At 24 hrs, the gr
Page 555 and 556:
2572 INCREASED ARSENIC BIOACCESSIBI
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nology to develop improved methods.
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tuna, swordfish, or mako shark (3.5
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nificantly reduce circulating thyro
Page 563 and 564:
grouped into 9 observation periods
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histopathological or biochemical ev
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exhibited a hyperactive phenotype,
Page 569 and 570:
the search of effective drugs for e
Page 571 and 572:
2644 COVALENT BINDING OF 14 C 2-MET
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aries targeting all transcription f
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(p 9 weeks) and CSC phenotype acqui
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2673 IMMUNE-MEDIATED VASCULAR INJUR
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for risk identification and charact
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to control toxicant delivery in tob
Page 583 and 584:
Author Index (Continued) The numera
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Page 589 and 590:
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Page 593 and 594:
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Keyword Index (Continued) Arsenite
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Keyword Index (Continued) Covalent
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Keyword Index (Continued) flow cyto
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Keyword Index (Continued) innate im
Page 619 and 620:
Keyword Index (Continued) nanoparti
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Keyword Index (Continued) preservat
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Keyword Index (Continued) Thrombocy
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Toxicological Sciences The Official
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