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diaspora can assist fellow countrymen back home through in-kind and financial contributions, such as expertise and technological and financial investment. However, an important precondition for sustained diaspora engagement in the home country is an improvement of the socio-economic and political conditions at home. Remittances and a mobilized diaspora is no substitute for sound development policies. Furthermore, there is a need to go beyond targeted policy actions enhancing the development impact of migration (such as, for instance, reducing the costs of remitting money) in order to build “the trust of migrants in the Nigerian State, and, crucially, create a generally attractive socio-economic and political environment for migrants to invest in and return to” (de Haas, 2008). 90 <strong>Migration</strong> in Nigeria: A Country <strong>Profile</strong> 2009
parT g: conclusions g.1 main findings on current migration trends Strategic policy development is required in four critical areas of migration management: migration and development, migration facilitation, migration regulation and forced migration management. Better policies in these areas will ensure a more comprehensive approach to migration management that maximizes benefits, while minimizing the negative impact of migration on development. The positive links between migration and development need to be strengthened by promoting the involvement of the Nigerian diaspora in development, improving procedures for transferring remittances, protecting migrants’ rights and carrying out other related measures. In order to devise appropriate policies, it is important to take stock of migration patterns and the socio-economic context in which migration takes place in Nigeria. The aim of the <strong>Migration</strong> <strong>Profile</strong> is to provide an overview of some of the key socio-economic and migration trends in Nigeria. As explained in greater detail in Part A, the development situation in Nigeria presents a mixed picture. In terms of the human development index and poverty rate, the situation has somewhat improved in recent years. However, overall, Nigeria still has a long way to go towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Nigeria has the world’s third highest total number of people infected by HIV/Aids, after India and South Africa. Despite improvements in the poverty rate, Nigeria scores low in the United Nations Development Programme’s human development index ranking (125 out of 151). The Nigerian economy has been growing in recent years, but, as is the case for other economies in the world, the country also faces an economic crisis that is likely to affect its key sectors, such as the oil industry. Divided by sector, it is encouraging to see that the marginal increase in GDP (from 5.6 in 2006 to 6.4 in 2007) was particularly due to growth in the non-oil sector, notably services (including technology) and agriculture. Yet the declining growth rates in the industrial sectors indicate that the economy is ailing, and economic growth is likely to slow further as the results of the economic crisis become apparent. As discussed in Parts C and D, international migration has played an important role in economic growth in recent years. Higher levels of immigration coincided with economic growth. Some of the existing information on sectors of employment seems to suggest that Nigeria attracts not only low-skilled but <strong>Migration</strong> in Nigeria: A Country <strong>Profile</strong> 2009 91
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This publication has been co-financ
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This publication has been co-financ
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conTenTs List of tables ...........
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list of tables Table 1: Trends in p
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acronyms AVR Assisted voluntary ret
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Foreword Over the past three years,
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NIGERIA - Basic facts Population (2
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Estimates made by the Development R
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Part of the problem is the lack of
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ésumé L’immigration au Nigéria
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2007. Cet accroissement a eu lieu m
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En outre, ce projet de politique pr
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parT a: introduction Part A of the
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Nigerians that is likely to be a
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the gender difference was slight, b
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Figure 2: Population of Nigeria by
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the two census years, 1991 and 2006
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this report had been carried out be
Page 42 and 43: infrastructure, food security and a
Page 44 and 45: address existing problems that are
Page 46 and 47: school level has also been increasi
Page 49 and 50: parT c: analysis of the migration s
Page 51 and 52: 2000 and 2005 Nigeria recorded a 5.
Page 53 and 54: However, Table 7 indicates fluctuat
Page 55 and 56: Students No recent data on students
Page 57 and 58: pilgrimage, sexual exploitation, do
Page 59 and 60: Despite this, Table 7 and Table 25
Page 61 and 62: Students From 2000 to 2006, the num
Page 63 and 64: Trafficking and smuggling in person
Page 65 and 66: 2007 (CBN, 2007b), as shown in Tabl
Page 67 and 68: parT D: Factors driving migration D
Page 69: It is often less the lack of employ
Page 72 and 73: with a view to its finalization. Su
Page 74 and 75: of the Federal Republic of Nigeria
Page 76 and 77: persons in Nigeria and, in 2009, un
Page 78 and 79: - drafting of bills and other legal
Page 80 and 81: - to strengthen and enhance effecti
Page 82 and 83: Despite the lack of an official coo
Page 84 and 85: The strategic approach used is desi
Page 86 and 87: Bilateral agreements The following
Page 88 and 89: created, they lack the appropriate
Page 91: parT F: evaluating the consequences
Page 95 and 96: improved in order to promote a more
Page 97 and 98: (ECCAS) (for example, the 2001 ECOW
Page 99 and 100: eferences Aboderin, I. 2007 Context
Page 101 and 102: Docquier, F. and A. Bhargava 2006 M
Page 103 and 104: National Agency for the Prohibition
Page 105 and 106: Universal Basic Education Commissio
Page 107 and 108: annex: statistics Figure 8: Nationa
Page 109 and 110: Figure 12: Net period migration by
Page 111 and 112: Table 9: Tuberculosis prevalence ra
Page 113 and 114: Table 12: Population and migration
Page 115 and 116: Table 16: Graduate output: bachelor
Page 117 and 118: Table 19: Refugees in Nigeria by na
Page 119 and 120: Table 21: Distribution of employed
Page 121 and 122: Russian Federation 2 0 2 South Afri
Page 123: Table 29: Remittance inflows and an
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