dry anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste and digestate ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

4.3.3 Effect of organic loading rate on performance parameters of ITDAR 76 4.4 Digestate Management and GHG Emissions (Phase III) 79 4.4.1 Characteristics of raw digestate 79 4.4.2 Characteristics of stored, dewatered and cured digestate 81 4.4.3 Digestate management from perspectives of GHG emissions 83 4.5 Decentralized Dry Anaerobic Digestion of OFMSW for a Community of 5000 People 86 4.5.1 Design of the decentralized AD system 86 4.5.2 Preparation of feedstock for dry AD (Pre-treatment) 86 4.5.3 Operation of decentralized AD system 87 4.5.4 Generation of methane and energy 88 4.5.5 Digestate management 88 4.5.6 Reduction of GHG emissions 90 4.5.7 Material flow (VS balance) 90 5 Conclusions and Recommendations 91 5.1 Conclusions 91 5.2 Recommendations 93 References 95 Appendices 110 Appendix A 110 Appendix B 114 Appendix C 122 Appendix D 127 Appendix E 130 Appendix F 134 vi
List of Tables Table Title Page 2.1 Biomethanization Inhibitors and their Inhibitory Concentration 8 2.2 Change in TAN Inhibitory Concentration with Feed TS and Temperature 10 2.3 Typical C/N Ratios of Different Materials 13 2.4 High Gas Production Rate in Relation to High Organic Loading Rate in Dry Anaerobic Digestion 18 2.5 Performance of Various Kinds of Dry Anaerobic Digesters 28 2.6 Effect of Digestion on Properties of Waste 32 2.7 Characteristics of Solid Digestate in Dry Anaerobic Digestion Systems 34 2.8 Characteristics of Separated Liquid Digestates from Different Digestion Systems 36 2.9 Concentration of Organic Pollutants in Digesates and Composts (µg/kg 37 DM) 2.10 Heavy Metal Content in Different Types of Digestates (mg/kg DM) 38 2.11 Regulations of Nutrient Loading on Agricultural Land 40 3.1 Composition and Characteristics of Simulated Feedstock 45 3.2 Characteristics of Substrate and Inoculum Used in Gas Formation Potential Test 48 3.3 Operating Conditions of ITDAR for Phase I Pilot Experiment 49 3.4 Forms and Sources of GHG Contributed and GHG Avoided 56 3.5 Analytical Methods for Various Parameters of Anaerobic Digestion of OFMSW 59 4.1 Digestion Parameters and Methane Yield of ITDAR 66 4.2 Surplus Energy of ITDAR During Various Runs 71 4.3 Percentage of VS Removal and Specific Methane Production in ITDAR 77 4.4 Comparison of Digestate Characteristics and Guidelines 82 4.5 Characteristics of Digestate at Different Stages of Management 82 4.6 Net GHG Emissions from All Scenarios of Digestate Management 85 4.7 Technical Details of Proposed AD Plant and its Comparison to Pilot Plant 87 4.8 Technical Data of Sand Drying Bed for Digestate Dewatering 88 vii
Page 1 and 2: DRY ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF MUNICIPA
Page 3 and 4: Abstract Global solid waste generat
Page 5: 2.9 Characteristics of Digestates 3
Page 9 and 10: 4.20 Layout of conceptual decentral
Page 11 and 12: 1.1 Background Chapter 1 Introducti
Page 13 and 14: The specific objectives of this res
Page 15 and 16: scale plants of the two processes i
Page 17 and 18: acetogens play their part to run th
Page 19 and 20: In dry anaerobic digestion, recycli
Page 21 and 22: process is inhibited and at that po
Page 23 and 24: eported, which increased with time,
Page 25 and 26: acids and increased downfall of pat
Page 27 and 28: performance of a poorly mixed (1 rp
Page 29 and 30: conventional low-solid system at th
Page 31 and 32: supply of the nutrients missing in
Page 33 and 34: 2.6.2 Single-stage continuous syste
Page 35 and 36: single stage systems are DRANCO, Va
Page 37 and 38: of the solid content around 23% TS
Page 39 and 40: Substrate Feed TS (%) Reactor Type
Page 41 and 42: Second is that it has a high water
Page 43 and 44: 2.9 Characteristics of Digestates D
Page 45 and 46: For instance, Mumme et al., (2010)
Page 47 and 48: Comparison of liquid and solid dige
Page 49 and 50: 2.10 Management Aspects of Anaerobi
Page 51 and 52: Figure 2.11 Changing parameters dur
Page 53 and 54: amount of anaerobic fermentation re
Page 55 and 56: 3.1 Inoculum and Simulations of Was
Page 57 and 58:
ed pump, water circulating jacket,
Page 59 and 60:
the reactor was increased from 35°
Page 61 and 62:
parts (wt/wt bas is) of digestate c
Page 63 and 64:
Sand drying bed (SDB) is simple, ea
Page 65 and 66:
3.4.4 Estimation of GHG emissions i
Page 67 and 68:
d) Calculation methods i) CH4 emiss
Page 69 and 70:
Table 3.5 Analytical Methods for Va
Page 71 and 72:
Biogas production 100X (NmL) Specif
Page 73 and 74:
(i.e. 5.2 and 3.04 respectively, pl
Page 75 and 76:
getting affected with the presence
Page 77 and 78:
feedstock 2 is considered as a sudd
Page 79 and 80:
8.0) at most of the above said time
Page 81 and 82:
Table 4.2 Surplus Energy of ITDAR D
Page 83 and 84:
VFA 100 X (mg/L) VFA/Alk ratio 200
Page 85 and 86:
the VFA concentration increased to
Page 87 and 88:
The increase in GPR was almost line
Page 89 and 90:
Based on our results, the best oper
Page 91 and 92:
Based on this property of digestate
Page 93 and 94:
Table 4.5. With curing of digestate
Page 95 and 96:
application (after curing) in CH 4
Page 97 and 98:
digestion, etc. Moreover, mixing of
Page 99 and 100:
Figure 4.20 Layout of conceptual de
Page 101 and 102:
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Recommend
Page 103 and 104:
5.2 Recommendations Following are t
Page 105 and 106:
References Abdullahi, Y. A., Akunna
Page 107 and 108:
Cengel, Y.A. (2003). Heat Transfer
Page 109 and 110:
Forster-Carneiro, T., Pérez, M., R
Page 111 and 112:
Kaparaju, P., Buendia, I., Ellegaar
Page 113 and 114:
Liu, C., Yuan, X., Zeng, G., Li, W.
Page 115 and 116:
Paavola, T. and Rintala, J. (2008).
Page 117 and 118:
Stroot, P. G., McMahon, K. D., Mack
Page 119 and 120:
Zeshan, Karthikeyan, O. P. and Visv
Page 121 and 122:
Fruit and vegetable Waste Closer to
Page 123 and 124:
Figure A-5 Sand drying bed for dewa
Page 125 and 126:
Assumptions Size of the community:
Page 127 and 128:
The flow rate of 0.569 m 3 biogas/h
Page 129 and 130:
Area for 910 kg dry solids = 910 (k
Page 131 and 132:
= 280 m 3 /d x 0.000717 tons/m 3 (D
Page 133 and 134:
Table C-1 Operational Parameters of
Page 135 and 136:
Run Time GPR % CO2 % CH4 Methane Yi
Page 137 and 138:
Appendix D Data of Phase II Pilot E
Page 139 and 140:
Table D-3 Characteristics of Feed a
Page 141 and 142:
Methodology Methodology for for Ene
Page 143 and 144:
Q = Heat transfer rate or heat loss
Page 145:
Calculation of GHG Emission Potenti
show all

dry anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste and digestate ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?