American Bison - Buffalo Field Campaign

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x American Bison: Status Survey and Conservation Guidelines 2010
This manuscript is the product of more than three years of cooperative effort by numerous contributors, many of whom are listed as authors. Their knowledge and particularly their persistence were instrumental in seeing this major undertaking through to successful completion. The editors express their appreciation to Joe Truett with the Turner Endangered Species Fund for his advice on compiling this document. We acknowledge the support of institutions and organisations that authorised members of the Bison Specialist Group and others to contribute to the project. They include the following in no particular order of priority: U.S. National Park Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey Biological Resources Division; Parks Canada Agency; Canadian Wildlife Service; Department of National Defense in Canada; Comisión Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas, Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ecología; State of Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; South Dakota Game Fish and Parks; Alaska Department of Fish and Game; Yukon Department of the Environment; Northwest Territories Environment and Natural Resources; Northern Great Plains Office of the World Wildlife Fund; Wildlife Conservation Society; The American Bison Society; The Nature Conservancy; Turner Endangered Species Fund; Turner Enterprises; Inter-Tribal Bison Cooperative; Council of Athabascan Tribal Governments; Faculty of Environmental Design, and the Department of Archaeology in the Faculty Acknowledgements of Social Sciences at the University of Calgary; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University; Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; Department of Zoology, University of Oklahoma; the Canadian Bison Association; and the National Bison Association. We also wish to acknowledge logistical support provided by Vermejo Park Ranch, and particularly the generosity of Marv Jensen and Ted Turner, who co-hosted a meeting of the Bison Specialist Group in 2005 to organize the writing project. The Wildlife Conservation Society subsequently hosted two meetings to develop a vision for bison restoration in North America in which many members of the American Bison Specialist Group participated. These workshops were instrumental in building working relationships, sharing knowledge, and developing a sense of mission, which contributed to the project’s success. The U.S. Geological Survey and Wildlife Conservation Society provided support for technical editing, formatting and compilation of the document. Finally, the World Wildlife Fund Northern Great Plains Program—particularly staff members Steve Forrest and Peder Groseth—was instrumental in developing a framework for bison conservation, adding content and guiding the production of this document by providing financial and technical support for the first Vermejo meeting and subsequent meetings and for technical editing, layout, and publication of the final document. American Bison: Status Survey and Conservation Guidelines 2010 xi
Page 1 and 2: American Bison Status Survey and Co
Page 3 and 4: American Bison Status Survey and Co
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Acknowledgements
Page 7 and 8: 6.3 Demographics ..................
Page 9: 9.6 Active Management: Handling, He
Page 13 and 14: ABS American Bison Society ABSG Ame
Page 15 and 16: The publication of this IUCN Americ
Page 17 and 18: and foothills. Bison have a profoun
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 1 Introduction: The Context
Page 21 and 22: composition and function, as well a
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 2 History of Bison in North
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2.1 Original ranges of plain
Page 27 and 28: Charles Alloway (Manitoba), Charles
Page 29 and 30: nomadic “Plains Indian Culture”
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 3 Taxonomy and Nomenclature
Page 33 and 34: demonstrate that Bison and Bos were
Page 35 and 36: from their original habitat near th
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 4 Genetics As a science, po
Page 39 and 40: Selection for diversity in one syst
Page 41 and 42: cross, however, the latter is more
Page 43 and 44: the conservation of the wild specie
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 5 Reportable or Notifiable
Page 47 and 48: one) followed by its widespread dis
Page 49 and 50: cattle at similar levels to S19 (Ch
Page 51 and 52: long as 156 days post-infection. So
Page 53 and 54: and elk herds migrate across severa
Page 55 and 56: These concepts are being developed
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 6 General Biology, Ecology
Page 59 and 60: leave the herd prior to calving or
Page 61 and 62:
historically dependent on a combina
Page 63 and 64:
6.2.1.2.1 Northern mixed grasslands
Page 65 and 66:
woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus
Page 67 and 68:
season: Wolfe and Kimball (1989) re
Page 69 and 70:
Table 6.4 Age-specific reproductive
Page 71 and 72:
6.3.4 Population growth rates The r
Page 73 and 74:
Chapter 7 Numerical and Geographic
Page 75 and 76:
Sixty-two plains bison and 11 wood
Page 77 and 78:
Figure 7.4 Representation of plains
Page 79 and 80:
Plate 7.3 Male plains bison sparrin
Page 81 and 82:
Chapter 8 Legal Status, Policy Issu
Page 83 and 84:
administrations, and the increasing
Page 85 and 86:
Table 8.1 Current legal status of p
Page 87 and 88:
Table 8.1 (continued) Country/ Stat
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
8.4 Legal and Policy Obstacles Hind
Page 95 and 96:
8.5 Overcoming Obstacles to the Eco
Page 97 and 98:
indigenous peoples’ land (Dudley
Page 99 and 100:
3) Develop outreach to state and fe
Page 101 and 102:
8.5.5.3 Mexico Since the original r
Page 103 and 104:
Chapter 9 Conservation Guidelines f
Page 105 and 106:
animals are proportionately removed
Page 107 and 108:
6. Maintenance number and growth ra
Page 109 and 110:
4. Health and disease All attempts
Page 111 and 112:
Table 9.4 Important considerations
Page 113 and 114:
northern bison herds, managers shou
Page 115 and 116:
may not have been validated. Testin
Page 117 and 118:
2) A tendency to flee if approached
Page 119 and 120:
2. Determine the required scope of
Page 121 and 122:
Chapter 10 Guidelines for Ecologica
Page 123 and 124:
• Creating education, awareness a
Page 125 and 126:
10.3 The “Ecosystem Approach” f
Page 127 and 128:
anywhere without engaging stakehold
Page 129 and 130:
Interventions (e.g., supplemental f
Page 131 and 132:
Agabriel, J. and Petit, M. 1996. Qu
Page 133 and 134:
Byerly, R.M., Cooper, J.R., Meltzer
Page 135 and 136:
Dragon D.C. and Rennie, R.P. 1995.
Page 137 and 138:
Gilpin, M.E. and Soulé, M.E. 1986.
Page 139 and 140:
Joern, A. 2005. Disturbance by fire
Page 141 and 142:
Matthews, S.B. 1991. An assessment
Page 143 and 144:
Possingham, H.P., Davies, I., Noble
Page 145 and 146:
Shaw, J.H. 1995. How many bison ori
Page 147 and 148:
van Zyll de Jong, C.G. 1986. A Syst
Page 149 and 150:
Appendix A North American conservat
Page 151 and 152:
Plains bison (continued) State/Prov
Page 154:
INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATIO
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