American Bison - Buffalo Field Campaign

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Authors, contributors and their affiliations Aune, Keith Wildlife Conservation Society, Bozeman, Montana, USA Berger. Joel Wildlife Conservation Society, Bozeman, Montana, USA Boyd, Delaney P. Department of National Defence, Canadian Forces Base Suffield, Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada Derr, James N. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA Elkin, Brett T. Government of the Northwest Territories, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada Ellison, Kevin Wildlife Conservation Society, Bozeman, Montana, USA Freese, Curtis H. Bozeman, Montana, USA Gates, C. Cormack Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Gerlach, S. Craig Department of Cross-Cultural Studies and Resilience and Adaptation Program, University of Fairbanks, Alaska, USA Gogan, Peter J.P. United States Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, Montana, USA Gross, John E. U.S. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Halbert, Natalie D. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA Hugh-Jones, Martin Department of Environmental Sciences, School of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA Hunter, David Turner Endangered Species Fund, Bozeman, Montana, USA Joly, Damien O. Wildlife Conservation Society, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada Kotzman, Mandy Creative Pursuits LLC, La Port, Colorado, USA Kunkel, Kyran World Wildlife Fund, Bozeman, Montana, USA Lammers, Duane J. Rapid City, South Dakota, USA Larter, Nicholas C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Fort Simpson, Canada Licht, Daniel U.S. National Park Service, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA List, Rurik Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico Nishi, John ALCES Group, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Oetelaar, Gerald A Department of Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Paulson, Robert L. The Nature Conservancy, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA Potter, Ben A. Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA Powers, Jenny U.S. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Shaw, James H. Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA Stephenson, Robert O. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA Truett, Joe Turner Endangered Species Fund, Glenwood, New Mexico, USA Wallen, Rick U.S. National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Mammoth, Wyoming, USA Wild, Margaret U.S. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA Wilson, Gregory A. Canadian Wildlife Service, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada xii American Bison: Status Survey and Conservation Guidelines 2010
ABS American Bison Society ABSG American Bison Specialist Group, a division of the IUCN BSG ADFG Alaska Department of Fish and Game AGFD Arizona Game and Fish Department ALCES® A Landscape Cumulative Effects Simulator, FOREM Technologies ANPP Herbaceous above ground net primary productivity APF American Prairie Foundation APFRAN Animal Plant and Food Risk Assessment Network, Canada APHIS U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service BLU Bluetongue BNP Badlands National Park, South Dakota BRCP Bison Research and Containment Program, Northwest Territories BSE Bovine spongiform encephalopathy BSG IUCN Bison Specialist Group BTB Bovine tuberculosis BVD Bovine viral diarrhoea CAMP Conservation Action Management Plan process, IUCN Captive Breeding Specialist Group CATG Council of Athabascan Tribal Governments, Alaska CBA Canadian Bison Association CBD International Convention on Biological Diversity CBSG IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group CDOJ Canadian Department of Justice CFIA Canadian Food Inspection Agency CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CMN Canadian Museum of Nature CONANP Comision Nacional De Areas Naturales Protegidas, Mexico COSEWIC Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada CSP Custer State Park, South Dakota CWS Canadian Wildlife Service Acronyms CWCS Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy DNDC The Department of National Defence, Canada EHD Epizootic hemorrhagic disease EINP Elk Island National Park, Alberta EIS Environmental Impact Statement ESA U.S. Endangered Species Act ESU Evolutionarily significant unit FAD Foreign Animal Disease FEARP Federal Environmental Assessment Review Panel, Canada FMD Foot-and-mouth disease, or heartwater FNNWR Fort Niobrara National Wildlife Refuge, Nebraska GEU Geminate evolutionary unit GTNP Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming GWBE Greater Wood Buffalo Ecosystem, Canada GWBNP Greater Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada GYA Greater Yellowstone Area HMSP Henry Mountains State Park, Utah HOAA Health of Animals Act, Canada InVEST Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs ITBC Intertribal Bison Cooperative IUCN SSC IUCN Species Survival Commission IUCN SUSG IUCN Sustainable Use Specialist Group JD Johne’s disease MBS Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary, Northwest Territories MCA Montana Code Annotated MCF Malignant catarrhal fever MDOL State of Montana Department of Livestock MFWP State of Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks MLVA Multiple locus, variable number, tandem repeat analysis MtDNA Mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid N Population size American Bison: Status Survey and Conservation Guidelines 2010 xiii
Page 1 and 2: American Bison Status Survey and Co
Page 3 and 4: American Bison Status Survey and Co
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Acknowledgements
Page 7 and 8: 6.3 Demographics ..................
Page 9 and 10: 9.6 Active Management: Handling, He
Page 11: This manuscript is the product of m
Page 15 and 16: The publication of this IUCN Americ
Page 17 and 18: and foothills. Bison have a profoun
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 1 Introduction: The Context
Page 21 and 22: composition and function, as well a
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 2 History of Bison in North
Page 25 and 26: Figure 2.1 Original ranges of plain
Page 27 and 28: Charles Alloway (Manitoba), Charles
Page 29 and 30: nomadic “Plains Indian Culture”
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 3 Taxonomy and Nomenclature
Page 33 and 34: demonstrate that Bison and Bos were
Page 35 and 36: from their original habitat near th
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 4 Genetics As a science, po
Page 39 and 40: Selection for diversity in one syst
Page 41 and 42: cross, however, the latter is more
Page 43 and 44: the conservation of the wild specie
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 5 Reportable or Notifiable
Page 47 and 48: one) followed by its widespread dis
Page 49 and 50: cattle at similar levels to S19 (Ch
Page 51 and 52: long as 156 days post-infection. So
Page 53 and 54: and elk herds migrate across severa
Page 55 and 56: These concepts are being developed
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 6 General Biology, Ecology
Page 59 and 60: leave the herd prior to calving or
Page 61 and 62: historically dependent on a combina
Page 63 and 64:
6.2.1.2.1 Northern mixed grasslands
Page 65 and 66:
woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus
Page 67 and 68:
season: Wolfe and Kimball (1989) re
Page 69 and 70:
Table 6.4 Age-specific reproductive
Page 71 and 72:
6.3.4 Population growth rates The r
Page 73 and 74:
Chapter 7 Numerical and Geographic
Page 75 and 76:
Sixty-two plains bison and 11 wood
Page 77 and 78:
Figure 7.4 Representation of plains
Page 79 and 80:
Plate 7.3 Male plains bison sparrin
Page 81 and 82:
Chapter 8 Legal Status, Policy Issu
Page 83 and 84:
administrations, and the increasing
Page 85 and 86:
Table 8.1 Current legal status of p
Page 87 and 88:
Table 8.1 (continued) Country/ Stat
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
8.4 Legal and Policy Obstacles Hind
Page 95 and 96:
8.5 Overcoming Obstacles to the Eco
Page 97 and 98:
indigenous peoples’ land (Dudley
Page 99 and 100:
3) Develop outreach to state and fe
Page 101 and 102:
8.5.5.3 Mexico Since the original r
Page 103 and 104:
Chapter 9 Conservation Guidelines f
Page 105 and 106:
animals are proportionately removed
Page 107 and 108:
6. Maintenance number and growth ra
Page 109 and 110:
4. Health and disease All attempts
Page 111 and 112:
Table 9.4 Important considerations
Page 113 and 114:
northern bison herds, managers shou
Page 115 and 116:
may not have been validated. Testin
Page 117 and 118:
2) A tendency to flee if approached
Page 119 and 120:
2. Determine the required scope of
Page 121 and 122:
Chapter 10 Guidelines for Ecologica
Page 123 and 124:
• Creating education, awareness a
Page 125 and 126:
10.3 The “Ecosystem Approach” f
Page 127 and 128:
anywhere without engaging stakehold
Page 129 and 130:
Interventions (e.g., supplemental f
Page 131 and 132:
Agabriel, J. and Petit, M. 1996. Qu
Page 133 and 134:
Byerly, R.M., Cooper, J.R., Meltzer
Page 135 and 136:
Dragon D.C. and Rennie, R.P. 1995.
Page 137 and 138:
Gilpin, M.E. and Soulé, M.E. 1986.
Page 139 and 140:
Joern, A. 2005. Disturbance by fire
Page 141 and 142:
Matthews, S.B. 1991. An assessment
Page 143 and 144:
Possingham, H.P., Davies, I., Noble
Page 145 and 146:
Shaw, J.H. 1995. How many bison ori
Page 147 and 148:
van Zyll de Jong, C.G. 1986. A Syst
Page 149 and 150:
Appendix A North American conservat
Page 151 and 152:
Plains bison (continued) State/Prov
Page 154:
INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATIO
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