Technical Reports Parts C,D - ICPDR

More documents

Recommendations

Info

6 Danube Pollution Reduction Programme – National Review, Ukraine 2.1. General Approach and Methodology The general approach and methodology developed by EMIS group was applied to update, evaluate and rank hot spots. Statements of this methodology were debated and mostly accepted by the water quality-working group during the January 1998 national reviews workshop, except for some minor modifications, under the following subsections. The most important problems resulting from the environmental degradation in the Danube river basin are as follow: impact on human health impaired functioning of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems economic and social losses due to environmental pollution transboundary impact The criteria for selection of “hot spots” were chosen and prioritized in following order: 1. impact of pollution on human health 2. transboundary impact 3. economic and ecological losses due to declining bio-productivity and biodiversity of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems caused by environmental pollution 4. threats of irreversible damage to the natural environment 5. possibilities of low cost measures and win-win investments 6. ecological benefits/cost ratio or net social benefits maximization 2.1.1 Evaluation of Existing Hot Spots Municipal hot spots (including food industries, which produce wastewater dominated by BOD) In Ukraine most of food processing industries with more or less high output is connected to municipal sewers therefore there is no reason to review them separately. At existing municipal wastewater treatment facilities and plants mechanical and biological treatment technologies are very common. None of existing wastewater treatment facilities eliminates nitrogen or phosphorus. Municipal hot spots listed below evidently show decline in wastewater discharges comparing to the year 1996, some times almost twice. If consider existing economic decline in Ukraine and potential economic growth in future all existing hotspots will remain at the list because the capacity will be overloaded. Poor maintenance, outdate equipment and technology will impose immediate threat to public health and environment of the Danube Basin. The seasonal variations of river discharges show that a share of municipal discharges in total river discharge at the “hot spot” cross section can vary significantly, exceeding more than 5% of total river discharge, and evidently affecting water quality for downstream users and ecosystems (See Annexes). This is true in case of Uzhgorod WWTP, Chernivtsi WWTP (Prut), and Kolomya WWTP (Prut). In case of Mukachiv and Izmail the influence of WWTPs are not very important from the point of nutrients loads due to sufficient dilution factor but may be important due to specific pollutants including phenol compounds, detergents and oil products. Serious problems are imposed by municipal sewer systems that collect wastewater from industrial enterprises, e.g. Izmail cardboard factory, and can be serious source of phenol pollution.
<strong>Technical</strong> <strong>Reports</strong> – Part C: Water Quality 7 Other important issue is sanitary-hygienic state of streams of resort areas of Carpaty region and insufficiently treated municipal discharges imposing direct threat to the public health through pathogenic microflora. By existing classification system of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine (three category by coliforms bacteria pollution), in streams and rivers of first category percentage of deviation from the norm varies between 3,4 and 24,5 %, and for rivers and streams of second category - between 8,2 - 35,9. The most polluted with pathogenic microflora streams and rivers are those of Odessa and Chernistsi Regions. For example, in Kolomya district only 15% of wells have water quality in compliance with allowable norms. As a rule public wells are the most polluted (Table 2-2).
Page 1: DANUBE POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAMM
Page 5 and 6: Preface The National Reviews were d
Page 7: Part C Water Quality
Page 10 and 11: 4.4. River Channel Characteristics.
Page 12 and 13: Table 3.9. Table 3.10. Table 3.11.
Page 15: List of Abbreviations on Water Qual
Page 19 and 20: 1. Summary 1.1. Updating, Evaluatio
Page 21 and 22: Technical Reports - Part C: Water Q
Page 23: 2. Updating of Hot Spots Major muni
Page 39: Technical Reports - Part C: Water Q
Page 42 and 43: 24 Danube Pollution Reduction Progr
Page 44 and 45: 26 Danube Pollution Reduction Progr
Page 47 and 48: 4. Updating and Validation of Water
Page 67 and 68: 5. Brief Overview of Legal and Inst
Page 69: Technical Reports - Part C: Water Q
Page 75 and 76:
Technical Reports - Part C: Water Q
Page 77 and 78:
Table 6.2. Wetlands of the Ukrainia
Page 79 and 80:
Matroskaja Lake Kugurluj Matroskaja
Page 81 and 82:
Mirnoe liman Grabovsky Desantnoe ll
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113:
Page 117:
Figure 1 Zakarpattia Region (1) Hot
Page 121:
Figure 3 Ivano-Frankivsk region Hot
Page 125:
Figure 5 Odessa Region Hot spots Mo
Page 129:
Page 133 and 134:
Table of Contents 1. Summary.......
Page 135:
Table of Tables Table 2.1. Table 2.
Page 139 and 140:
Glossary on Water Environmental Eng
Page 141 and 142:
1. Summary National Targets and Ins
Page 143:
Technical Reports - Part D: Water E
Page 146 and 147:
Table 2.2. Pollution substances inp
Page 148 and 149:
130 Danube Pollution Reduction Prog
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Table 3.1. Summary of recommended p
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 173 and 174:
4. Expected Effects of Current and
Page 175 and 176:
5. Cost Estimation of Programmes an
Page 177:
6. Planning and Implementing Capaci
Page 181 and 182:
Table 1. Compilation of actual inve
Page 183 and 184:
Table 1 continued No Type/name of P
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191:
Technical Reports - Part D: Water E
show all

Technical Reports Parts C,D - ICPDR

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?