COMPLETE DOCUMENT (1862 kb) - OECD Nuclear Energy Agency

2.2.2 Targets for heterogeneous recycling................................................................. 145
2.2.2.1 Fabrication of AmO 2 target pins ....................................................... 145
2.2.2.2 Effect of curium on target fabrication ............................................... 146
2.2.2.3 Fabrication of targets for transmutation of fission products............... 146
2.3 Transmutation of minor actinides ................................................................................ 147
2.3.1 Physics and methods of transmutation ............................................................. 147
2.3.1.1 Physics ............................................................................................ 147
2.3.1.2 Methods........................................................................................... 149
2.3.2 Transmutation of minor actinides in thermal reactors ....................................... 150
2.3.2.1 Present day PWR reactor ................................................................. 150
2.3.2.2 Molten salt reactor ........................................................................... 154
2.3.3 Transmutation of minor actinides in fast reactors............................................. 154
2.3.3.1 MOX-fuelled fast reactor ................................................................. 154
2.3.3.2 Minor actinides transmutation in metal-fuelled fast reactor................ 160
2.3.4 Transmutation of minor actinides and fission products in dedicated systems ..... 162
2.3.4.1 Dedicated minor actinide burner reactor............................................ 163
2.3.4.2 Accelerator-driven transmutation systems ......................................... 164
2.3.5 Nuclear data of minor actinides and long-lived fission products........................ 171
2.3.6 Interaction between plutonium incineration and minor actinide production........ 173
2.3.6.1 Present day PWRs............................................................................ 173
2.3.6.2 Other alternatives............................................................................. 173
2.3.6.3 FRs without blanket (FBuR)............................................................. 174
2.4 Transmutation of long-lived fission products ............................................................... 175
2.4.1 Transmutation of fission products in fission reactors........................................ 175
2.4.1.1 Transmutation of 99 Tc and 129 I .......................................................... 175
2.4.1.2 Transmutation in fast reactors .......................................................... 176
2.4.1.3 Transmutation in light water reactors................................................ 177
2.4.1.4 Transmutation in heavy water reactors.............................................. 177
2.4.1.5 Transmutation in thermal high flux reactors...................................... 177
2.4.1.6 Conclusions ..................................................................................... 178
2.4.2 Nuclear data on fission products...................................................................... 178
3. DESCRIPTION OF CURRENT TRENDS IN P&T RESEARCH......................................................... 179
3.1 Current R&D activities............................................................................................... 179
3.1.1 OMEGA programme....................................................................................... 179
3.1.2 SPIN programme ............................................................................................ 180
3.2 Summary of current strategy studies............................................................................ 182
3.2.1 European Union strategy study........................................................................ 182
3.2.1.1 Reference and P&T scenario ............................................................ 182
3.2.1.2 Potential radiotoxicity ...................................................................... 183
3.2.2 Studies in Japan .............................................................................................. 183
3.2.2.1 MOX-fuelled FBR ........................................................................... 184
3.2.2.2 Actinide burner reactor..................................................................... 185
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