Bridging the Gap: linking timber trade with infrastructural ...

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Figure 47 Quantities of charcoal (bags) recorded at Kibiti checkpoint, 2001 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Source: Kibiti checkpoint records, 2001. Other forest products in trade There is a dearth of data on forest products other than timber and charcoal traded from the study area. This study focused on the most common forest products traded. According to district licence records, a significant quantity of poles was harvested, mostly coming from the mangrove forests of Rufiji District. Rufiji District recorded a total of 16 600 and 13 960 poles traded in 2000 and 2001 respectively (Table 29). Table 29 Quantities of forest products other than timber and charcoal harvested in the study area by district, 2000-2001 Product District 2000 2001 Firewood Nachingwea 1 head load 7 m 3 Ruangwa 13 m 3 Medicinal plants Nachingwea 2 kg and 2 m 3 Poles Nachingwea 174 pieces and 10 scores 45 pieces Rufiji 16 600 pieces 13 960 pieces Woven plate Nachingwea 20 each Source: District licence statistics, 2000-2001. Limited data on other products transported through the Kibiti natural resource checkpoint were available for 2001. These included carvings (Dalbergia melanoxylon), furniture, pallets and slabs (Table 30). A total of 3.0 and 4.7 t of carvings were shipped from Mtwara port during 2000 and 2001 respectively. Along with Bagamoyo, Mtwara, Tanga, Morogoro, Kibiti, Kisarawe and Chanika, Rufiji is an important source of D. melanoxylon for the Mwenge carving market, the largest outlet of in East Africa (Malugu et al., 2002). Jenkins et al. (2001) speculated that volumes of wood used by carvers are of the same order of magnitude (approximately 2000-4000 m 3 annually) as are being processed by sawmills for export. 77
Table 30 Quantities of timber products recorded at Kibiti checkpoint, 2001 Description Quantities and units Planks 5 312.1 m 3 Logs, small 2 001.4 m 3 Logs, large 944.1 m 3 Logs 350.6 m 3 Charcoal 29 966 bags Carvings 14 901 pieces + 0.2 m 3 Furniture pieces 319 pieces Firewood 80 bundles + 46.6 m 3 Pallets 5 640 pieces and 1 610.1 m 3 Poles 1 850 pieces Slabs 290 pieces and 60 m 3 Sleeper 362.8 m 3 Wood pieces 24 528 pieces + 92.3 m 3 Unspecified 17 190 pieces + 63.9 m 3 Source: Kibiti checkpoint records, 2001. SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TIMBER TRADE Data recording at natural resource checkpoints has traditionally focused on product volumes, licence information and revenues. During October 2001 to January 2002, Kibiti checkpoint personnel started recording the gender, age and education of traders. The purpose of this trial exercise was to gain a better understanding of the contribution of trade in forest products to different sectors of society. Gender of forest product traders During the three-month period, sociological data covering a total of 631 people trading in 11 forest products were recorded (Table 31). The majority was transporting planks (35%), small logs (32%) and charcoal (24%). Women were by far the minority, accounting for only 10.6% (67) of all traders. Men most strongly dominated the trades in small and large logs, both in terms of numbers of people involved and volumes transported (Table 32). Table 31 Number of men and women and volume of major wood products transported via Kibiti checkpoint Gender Description Carvings Charcoal Firewood Logs Logs, large Logs, small Planks Women Number of people Volume of product Volume per person Men Number of people Volume of product Volume per person 0 0 0 3 250 pcs 83 pcs Source: Kibiti checkpoint records, 2001-2002. 24 873 bags 36 bags 125 9 624 bags 77 bags 1 0 5 m 3 0 5 m 3 0 3 11 10 m 3 38 m 3 3 m 3 2 7 33 12 m 3 4 m 3 10 m 3 23 m 3 27 m 3 338 m 3 3 m 3 31 315 m 3 10 m 3 198 198 m 3 10 m 3 188 633 m 3 9 m 3 1 1 78
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Published by TRAFFIC East/Southern
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CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3 ABBREVI
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was mad
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The close relatio
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guidance from central and district
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The National Forest Policy (1998) s
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However, significant changes in dev
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METHODOLOGY This study was conducte
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Field Research Research assistants
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Table 2 Types of analyses made amon
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south bank (1270 m 3 ). Therefore,
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commenced in 1986 have converted th
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The majority of reserved forests an
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Degradation of forests and deforest
Page 30 and 31: medicinal plants for curing illness
Page 32 and 33: STUDY AREA OVERVIEW The study area
Page 34 and 35: The coastal forests found in the st
Page 36 and 37: Data on harvest licences covering a
Page 38 and 39: Figure 8 Sawn wood and logs shipped
Page 40 and 41: eported to be very low, with most s
Page 42 and 43: ound wood from the study area. Over
Page 44 and 45: Species harvested in 2001, but not
Page 46 and 47: checkpoint records from Kibiti, stu
Page 48 and 49: Figure 13 Main species processed by
Page 50 and 51: Two species, Swartzia madagascarens
Page 52 and 53: melanoxylon (Class I), Milicia exce
Page 54 and 55: A few species have shown particular
Page 56 and 57: The frequency distributions of leng
Page 58 and 59: HARVEST AREAS, DESTINATIONS, MARKET
Page 60 and 61: Major harvest areas in Lindi Region
Page 62 and 63: licences show how MI (Ltd.), the la
Page 64 and 65: Figure 26 Off-road logging truck ro
Page 66 and 67: Table 25 Total number of vehicles r
Page 68 and 69: Seasonal variations in timber trade
Page 70 and 71: Figure 35 Total timber shipments fr
Page 72 and 73: Figure 37 Volumes (m 3 ) of Pteroca
Page 74 and 75: Hymenaea verrucosa (Gum copal tree,
Page 76 and 77: Figure 43 Volumes (m 3 ) of Dalberg
Page 78 and 79: Charcoal shipments Official data on
Page 82 and 83: Table 32 Proportion of selected woo
Page 84 and 85: DISCUSSION Evidence of linkages bet
Page 86 and 87: fees, applying ‘minimum breath he
Page 88 and 89: saw millers and traders from Dar es
Page 90 and 91: are indicated on the licences. For
Page 92 and 93: RECOMMENDATIONS Costs of not taking
Page 94 and 95: Table 35. Monitoring indicators inc
Page 96 and 97: DESCRIPTION OF INDICATOR BASELINE D
Page 98 and 99: DESCRIPTION OF INDICATOR BASELINE D
Page 100 and 101: (Figure 51). Regulatory options to
Page 102 and 103: Alternative energy sources Accounti
Page 104 and 105: Anon. (1999g). Tanzania Country Str
Page 106 and 107: De Waal, D. (2001). Setting Precend
Page 108 and 109: Milliken, J. (1999). Youth migrants
Page 110 and 111: ANNEXES Annex 1 Tanzania industrial
Page 112 and 113: However, forests outside Forest Res
Page 114 and 115: arks at TZS 2000 (USD 1.95) per kg
Page 116 and 117: mm and relatively unreliable. The h
Page 118 and 119: Coast Region has a total forest are
Page 120 and 121: Table 43 Sectoral contribution to L
Page 122 and 123: Annex 5. Sample checkpoint form for
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