treasure valley road dust study: final report - ResearchGate

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 3-2. Regression exponents for differential TRAKER signal and vehicle speed from tests performed at Ft. Bliss and the Treasure Valley. Parameter Ft. Bliss Exponent Percent Variance Explained Treasure Valley Exponent Percent Variance Explained Dustraks PM 10 LR 2.75 92.3 2.96 97.2 Dustraks PM 2.5 LR 3.32 92.6 3.87 93.2 PSA_0.56 3.20 94.5 2.87 85.4 PSA_0.72 3.41 91.1 3.10 87.3 PSA_0.92 3.16 91.9 3.05 88.3 PSA_1.2 3.12 92.3 3.09 90.1 PSA_1.4 3.01 92.6 3.03 91.2 PSA_2 2.99 93.0 2.90 91.8 PSA_2.9 2.81 92.7 2.66 85.0 PSA_4 2.64 93.0 2.95 94.0 PSA_5.6 2.29 92.1 3.18 94.5 PSA_7.2 1.86 90.2 3.04 94.3 PSA_9.9 1.43 83.6 2.76 90.5 PSA_14 1.10 72.5 2.31 91.9 PSA_19.8 0.76 44.8 1.66 78.4 3.4 TRAKER Calibration: Flux Measurements at Ft. Bliss New Mexico From May 18 through May 24, 2001, unpaved road emissions flux experiments were conducted at the Ft. Bliss Military Base on the Texas/New Mexico Border. The flux measurement portion of the study was funded by the Department of Defense under a SERDP grant to investigate the impacts of military vehicle activities on regional haze. The tests were designed to achieve the following objectives: ?? Measure the rate at which fugitive dust emissions deposit to the desert surface after being emitted. ?? Determine the relationship between unpaved road dust emissions, vehicle speed, and vehicle weight. ?? Calibrate the differential TRAKER signal to measured emissions downwind of the roadway. The following sections describe the configuration of the experiment and the result of the tests. 3.4.1 Flux Measurement Configuration The tests described here took place at the M88 Driver Training Range on the Ft. Bliss military facility near El Paso, TX. Three towers were set up at the site, one upwind tower (9 m in high) and two downwind towers (one 9m high and the other 12.2 m high). Figure 3-16 shows a detailed map of the orientation of the flux towers. Historical meteorological data indicated that seasonal winds were predominantly from the west. The towers were aligned so that the upwind tower was 30 m west of the unpaved road and the downwind towers were positioned at 9 m and 50 m downwind of the road. For most days of sampling, wind was from the west to northwest. On May 24, 2001, winds originated from the north. On that day, vehicles were driven on the East-West Test Section so that emissions from the road would pass by the two downwind flux towers. In this configuration the both downwind towers were approximately 30 m from the East- West Test Section. 3-16
Each tower was instrumented with four TSI model 8520 DustTraks to measure vertical profiles of particulate matter concentration. The DustTraks were outfitted with a 10 ?m aerodynamic size cut inlet and measured PM 10 at 1 second intervals throughout the day. Data on the DustTrak monitors were logged on an internal data logger and downloaded to a portable computer at the end of the sampling day. Grimm model 1.108 particlesize analyzers (PSA) were mounted at various positions on the towers to measure changes in the particle size distribution both vertically and with downwind transport. For the majority of the sampling period, one PSA was mounted at 1.25 m AGL on each of the three towers. A fourth PSA was moved to different positions on the towers to measure changes in the particle size distribution at different points in the plume. Data from the PSAs were reported in 6-second intervals and logged onto laptop computers located at the base of each tower. Five anemometers, one wind vane, and one temperature probe were mounted on the upwind tower to characterize the local meteorological conditions. The meteorological data were recorded on a Campbell 21X data logger and downloaded to a laptop computer at the end of each day. Meteorological data were averaged and stored at 5-minute intervals. Figure 3-16. Map of upwind-downwind flux measurement towers at Ft. Bliss. The black dots indicate the position of the upwind and downwind towers. The open dots are the GPS points denoting the path of the TRAKER vehicle through the test sections. 3-17
Page 1: TREASURE VALLEY ROAD DUST STUDY: FI
Page 5 and 6: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Idaho Departm
Page 7 and 8: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION..
Page 9: 6.3 DISCUSSION ....................
Page 12 and 13: are strongly correlated and that on
Page 14 and 15: Figure 4-17. Map of street sweeper
Page 16 and 17: xvi
Page 18 and 19: Table 5-3. Speeds and VKT by county
Page 20 and 21: Table A-28. Laboratory Silt Analysi
Page 22 and 23: ?? To assess the impact of winterti
Page 25 and 26: 2. SILT MEASUREMENTS For this study
Page 27 and 28: vehicle tires. The lengths of the s
Page 29 and 30: Figure 2-1. Map of Sample Collectio
Page 31 and 32: Table 2-5 Silt Content and Silt Loa
Page 33: collectors. In contrast, summer sil
Page 36 and 37: 3.2 TRAKER Measurements For the TVR
Page 38 and 39: introduced by the carbon vanes insi
Page 40 and 41: 3.2.4.1 Data Acquisition The TRAKER
Page 42 and 43: Figure 3-6 shows the TRAKER coeffic
Page 44 and 45: 250 200 PM2.5 signal (mg/m 3 ) 150
Page 46 and 47: Line losses associated with the Dus
Page 48 and 49: 1.2 1 Left Diluted Right Diluted Pr
Page 52 and 53: 3.4.2 Flux Calculation from Meteoro
Page 54 and 55: 12.2 m 0.16 9.0 m 0.05 5.7 m 0.22 4
Page 56 and 57: 400 Ford Ranger on NS Road by DW1 4
Page 58 and 59: ceiling can be further stretched to
Page 60 and 61: 100 sL = 2.5717(T*) 0.4741 R 2 = 0.
Page 62 and 63: 4.1.1 Converting TRAKER Data Into E
Page 64 and 65: Table 4-1. (cont) GIS coverages use
Page 66 and 67: Table 4-1. (cont) GIS coverages use
Page 68 and 69: a. b. Figure 4-1. Map of TRAKER Str
Page 70 and 71: egressions, R 2 and P-values are al
Page 72 and 73: Summer - Ada - Rural Summer - Ada -
Page 74 and 75: The average emissions factor is 6.7
Page 76 and 77: Figure 4-5. TRAKER Loop 4.3.1 Tempo
Page 78 and 79: weeks prior to being swept. While t
Page 80 and 81: 4.3.2 Meteorological Effects on Unp
Page 82 and 83: Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Figur
Page 84 and 85: Figure 4-13. Johnston HSD mechanica
Page 86 and 87: Approximately 8 hours after the ini
Page 88 and 89: One-second emissions potentials (i.
Page 91 and 92: 5. EMISSIONS INVENTORIES FOR THE TR
Page 93 and 94: where E i.10 is the emissions in gr
Page 95 and 96: County Setting Road Class Speed (m/
Page 97 and 98: January, February, and March were u
Page 99 and 100: 5.1.3.2a January 1 - 9, 2000, 2010,
Page 101 and 102:
Table 5-9 Precipitation and snow co
Page 103 and 104:
complete link-level emissions inven
Page 105 and 106:
Table 5-14. Distributions of averag
Page 107:
Taken on an average annual basis, T
Page 110 and 111:
Z n , K zn , ? c/ ? z n Z 3 , K z3
Page 112 and 113:
Table 6-1. Aerodynamic particle siz
Page 114 and 115:
14 m 0 s 15 s 30 s 60 s 120 s 240 s
Page 116 and 117:
Furthermore, the vertical profile o
Page 118 and 119:
?? Sieving each sample to obtain a
Page 120 and 121:
7-4 Table 7-1. Source Profile Key M
Page 122 and 123:
Table 6-1 (continued). Table of geo
Page 124 and 125:
Treasure Valley Road Dust Winter Pa
Page 127 and 128:
7.3 Source Profile Summary This a p
Page 129 and 130:
Table 7-4. Source profiles of Summe
Page 131:
Table 7-6. Source profiles of Winte
Page 134 and 135:
Bliss experiments were significant
Page 136 and 137:
section was swept with a vacuum swe
Page 138 and 139:
8.3 Differences Between Emissions M
Page 140 and 141:
determine at this time what fractio
Page 142 and 143:
sweepers to reduce PM 10 emissions
Page 144 and 145:
McMahon T.A., and P.J. Denison (197
Page 146 and 147:
Figure A-1. Map of Sample Collectio
Page 148 and 149:
Table A-2. Summer 2001 Silt Samplin
Page 150 and 151:
Table A-3. Laboratory Silt Analysis
Page 152 and 153:
Figure A-3. Map of Silt Loading Loc
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Table A-10. Laboratory Silt Analysi
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Figure A-11. Sampling locations of
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 189 and 190:
APPENDIX B. BOISE PRECIPITATION AND
Page 191 and 192:
Pecentile among days with precipita
Page 193 and 194:
A.1 Wind speed The cumulative frequ
Page 195 and 196:
APPENDIX C : EMISSIONS INVENTORIES:
Page 197 and 198:
C.1.1.2a Field List for worksheets
Page 199 and 200:
values specified by AP-42 and do no
show all

treasure valley road dust study: final report - ResearchGate

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?