treasure valley road dust study: final report - ResearchGate

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Approximately 8 hours after the initial sanding and sweeping, the emissions potentials from all sections of both roads has returned to within 15% of their pretreated levels. DRI’s traffic counter data from Rose Hill on 03/16/01 indicated that 40% of the measured ADT or ~2000 cars traveling at 35 mph passed over the road in the first 8 hours. Similarly, on Chinden it is estimated that 2000 to 2500 cars traveling at 45 mph passed over each lane in the first 8 hours. Figure 4-15 shows a picture of the unswept (S3) portion of Rose Hill/Franklin one day after sand was applied. The travel lanes are clear of visible sand, however much of the material has migrated over to the untraveled portions of the road. Sand was not visible on the sections where the road had been swept using either a vacuum or mechanical sweeper. Sand on side of road Figure 4-15. Picture of Franklin Road facing east taken 1 day after sand application. Sand material has migrated away from the traffic lanes toward the curb. The results of the winter sanding and sweeping experiment indicate that the direct impacts of road sanding on PM 10 emissions are short lived lasting no more than 8 hours or 2500 vehicle passes. PM 10 emissions were observed to increase by 25% to 70% at 2.5 hours after the initial sanding and sweeping. By 8 hours after treatment, the emissions potential from the roads were indistinguishable from their pretreatment levels. Sweeping using a vacuum or me chanical system appears to provide no reduction of PM 10 emissions potential when compared with not sweeping the road. While the sweepers did an excellent job collecting the visible sand on the roads, the systems tested were ineffective at removing the source of the PM 10 road dust particles. 4.4.2 Summer Street-Sweeping Experiment During the summer months, the major activity of the ACHD is chip sealing existing roadways. This process involves several steps. First the roads are swept using vacuum sweepers to remove any debris, second gravel chips are spread over the roadway and smoothed with a roller, finally a fogger is used to adhere the chips to the underlying road. The ACHD’s chip sealing program provided an opportunity to test the effectiveness of street sweeping as a control to reduce road dust emissions. 4-26
Tests were conducted on 07/22/01 through 07/24/01. The TRAKER vehicle surveyed several roads before and after sweeping to evaluate the relative change in emissions potential attributable to street sweeping. Maps of the test areas are shown in Figure 4-16 and Figure 4-17. For each test section, at least three passes were made over each section immediately before and after the sweeper. The one exception is Quarter Horse that was pre-surveyed on 07/22/01 and swept and post-surveyed on 07/24/01. All streets tested were in residential neighborhoods. The sweeper used in these tests was the Elgin Whirlwind vacuum sweeper shown in Figure 4-12. Figure 4-16. Map of street sweeper test areas in urban Boise. The shaded ovals are the areas where the sweeper tests occurred. Figure 4-17. Map of street sweeper test area in rural Ada County. The shaded ovals are the areas where the sweeper tests occurred. 4-27
Page 1:
TREASURE VALLEY ROAD DUST STUDY: FI
Page 5 and 6:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Idaho Departm
Page 7 and 8:
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION..
Page 9:
6.3 DISCUSSION ....................
Page 12 and 13:
are strongly correlated and that on
Page 14 and 15:
Figure 4-17. Map of street sweeper
Page 16 and 17:
xvi
Page 18 and 19:
Table 5-3. Speeds and VKT by county
Page 20 and 21:
Table A-28. Laboratory Silt Analysi
Page 22 and 23:
?? To assess the impact of winterti
Page 25 and 26:
2. SILT MEASUREMENTS For this study
Page 27 and 28:
vehicle tires. The lengths of the s
Page 29 and 30:
Figure 2-1. Map of Sample Collectio
Page 31 and 32:
Table 2-5 Silt Content and Silt Loa
Page 33:
collectors. In contrast, summer sil
Page 36 and 37: 3.2 TRAKER Measurements For the TVR
Page 38 and 39: introduced by the carbon vanes insi
Page 40 and 41: 3.2.4.1 Data Acquisition The TRAKER
Page 42 and 43: Figure 3-6 shows the TRAKER coeffic
Page 44 and 45: 250 200 PM2.5 signal (mg/m 3 ) 150
Page 46 and 47: Line losses associated with the Dus
Page 48 and 49: 1.2 1 Left Diluted Right Diluted Pr
Page 50 and 51: Table 3-2. Regression exponents for
Page 52 and 53: 3.4.2 Flux Calculation from Meteoro
Page 54 and 55: 12.2 m 0.16 9.0 m 0.05 5.7 m 0.22 4
Page 56 and 57: 400 Ford Ranger on NS Road by DW1 4
Page 58 and 59: ceiling can be further stretched to
Page 60 and 61: 100 sL = 2.5717(T*) 0.4741 R 2 = 0.
Page 62 and 63: 4.1.1 Converting TRAKER Data Into E
Page 64 and 65: Table 4-1. (cont) GIS coverages use
Page 66 and 67: Table 4-1. (cont) GIS coverages use
Page 68 and 69: a. b. Figure 4-1. Map of TRAKER Str
Page 70 and 71: egressions, R 2 and P-values are al
Page 72 and 73: Summer - Ada - Rural Summer - Ada -
Page 74 and 75: The average emissions factor is 6.7
Page 76 and 77: Figure 4-5. TRAKER Loop 4.3.1 Tempo
Page 78 and 79: weeks prior to being swept. While t
Page 80 and 81: 4.3.2 Meteorological Effects on Unp
Page 82 and 83: Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Figur
Page 84 and 85: Figure 4-13. Johnston HSD mechanica
Page 88 and 89: One-second emissions potentials (i.
Page 91 and 92: 5. EMISSIONS INVENTORIES FOR THE TR
Page 93 and 94: where E i.10 is the emissions in gr
Page 95 and 96: County Setting Road Class Speed (m/
Page 97 and 98: January, February, and March were u
Page 99 and 100: 5.1.3.2a January 1 - 9, 2000, 2010,
Page 101 and 102: Table 5-9 Precipitation and snow co
Page 103 and 104: complete link-level emissions inven
Page 105 and 106: Table 5-14. Distributions of averag
Page 107: Taken on an average annual basis, T
Page 110 and 111: Z n , K zn , ? c/ ? z n Z 3 , K z3
Page 112 and 113: Table 6-1. Aerodynamic particle siz
Page 114 and 115: 14 m 0 s 15 s 30 s 60 s 120 s 240 s
Page 116 and 117: Furthermore, the vertical profile o
Page 118 and 119: ?? Sieving each sample to obtain a
Page 120 and 121: 7-4 Table 7-1. Source Profile Key M
Page 122 and 123: Table 6-1 (continued). Table of geo
Page 124 and 125: Treasure Valley Road Dust Winter Pa
Page 127 and 128: 7.3 Source Profile Summary This a p
Page 129 and 130: Table 7-4. Source profiles of Summe
Page 131: Table 7-6. Source profiles of Winte
Page 134 and 135: Bliss experiments were significant
Page 136 and 137:
section was swept with a vacuum swe
Page 138 and 139:
8.3 Differences Between Emissions M
Page 140 and 141:
determine at this time what fractio
Page 142 and 143:
sweepers to reduce PM 10 emissions
Page 144 and 145:
McMahon T.A., and P.J. Denison (197
Page 146 and 147:
Figure A-1. Map of Sample Collectio
Page 148 and 149:
Table A-2. Summer 2001 Silt Samplin
Page 150 and 151:
Table A-3. Laboratory Silt Analysis
Page 152 and 153:
Figure A-3. Map of Silt Loading Loc
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Figure A-11. Sampling locations of
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 189 and 190:
APPENDIX B. BOISE PRECIPITATION AND
Page 191 and 192:
Pecentile among days with precipita
Page 193 and 194:
A.1 Wind speed The cumulative frequ
Page 195 and 196:
APPENDIX C : EMISSIONS INVENTORIES:
Page 197 and 198:
C.1.1.2a Field List for worksheets
Page 199 and 200:
values specified by AP-42 and do no
show all

treasure valley road dust study: final report - ResearchGate

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?