treasure valley road dust study: final report - ResearchGate

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Figure 4-13. Johnston HSD mechanical sweeper. Once the sand had been swept from sections 1 and 2, the TRAKER vehicle resurveyed the test sections. TRAKER surveys were repeated at several intervals after the sand was applied to evaluate how emissions from these different treatments evolve over time. 4.4.1.2 Test Results Data were reduced by averaging the road dust PM 10 emissions potential b for each test section and pass. Data from multiple passes over a test section were averaged together if the passes were made within 10 minutes of one another. Figure 4-14 shows the results of the sanding/sweeper tests. Chinden Street (top panel) was on the TRAKER loop so data from this location was sampled on five different occasions prior to the experiment. The figures show that prior to the sanding sweeping test, the emissions potential for the three test sections from each road were similar. Emissions potential variation was less than 10% between the three test sections for both Chinden and Rose Hill/Franklin. Ten minutes after sand application, no significant change was detected in the emiss ions potential from the road surface with the exception of the vacuum swept portion of Chinden. The emissions potential from this section dropped from 0.47 to 0.27 (g/vkt)/(m/s). This initial drop in potential is probably due to moisture on the road; the sand applied had an approximate moisture content of 8% (see Appendix A); the first section on Chinden received the sand that had been sitting at the bottom of the truck bed and was probably more wetted than sand that was applied later in the test (i.e on sections 2 and 3). At 2.5 hours after sand application, the emissions potential had increased at all test sections with respect to the baseline value prior to sanding. At the Chinden test area, the vacuum swept section S1 emissions potential increased by 26%, the mechanically swept section S2 emissions potential increased by 42%, and the unswept section S3 emission potential increased by 46%. At the Rose Hill/Franklin test area; emissions potentials increased 69% on the vacuum swept section, 63% on the mechanically swept section, 61% on the unswept section. 4-24
0.8 0.7 S1 Sanded and Vacuum Swept S2 Sanded and Mechanical Swept S3 Sanded and Not Swept Emissions Potential b (g/vkt)/(m/s) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 Sanding and Sweeping 0.1 Chinden Test Section between 50th and 42nd 0 15 Days Prior 13 Days Prior 11 Days Prior 8 Days Prior 4 Days Prior 10 Minutes Prior 10 Minutes After 2.5 Hours After 9 Hours After 1 Day After 2 Days After Time Relative to Treatment 1.2 1 S1 Sanded and Vacuum Swept S2 Sanded and Mechanical Swept S3 Sanded and Not Swept Emissions Potential b (g/vkt)/(m/s) 0.8 0.6 0.4 Sanding and Sweeping 0.2 Rose Hill/Franklin Test Section between Owyhee and Orchard 0 1 Hour Prior 10 Minutes After 3 Hours After 8 Hours After 1 Day After 2 Days After Time Relative to Treatment Figure 4-14. Results of controlled road sanding and sweeping tests for Chinden Road (top panel) and Rose Hill/Franklin Road (bottom panel). 4-25
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TREASURE VALLEY ROAD DUST STUDY: FI
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Idaho Departm
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION..
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6.3 DISCUSSION ....................
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are strongly correlated and that on
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Figure 4-17. Map of street sweeper
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xvi
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Table 5-3. Speeds and VKT by county
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Table A-28. Laboratory Silt Analysi
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?? To assess the impact of winterti
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2. SILT MEASUREMENTS For this study
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vehicle tires. The lengths of the s
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Figure 2-1. Map of Sample Collectio
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Table 2-5 Silt Content and Silt Loa
Page 33: collectors. In contrast, summer sil
Page 36 and 37: 3.2 TRAKER Measurements For the TVR
Page 38 and 39: introduced by the carbon vanes insi
Page 40 and 41: 3.2.4.1 Data Acquisition The TRAKER
Page 42 and 43: Figure 3-6 shows the TRAKER coeffic
Page 44 and 45: 250 200 PM2.5 signal (mg/m 3 ) 150
Page 46 and 47: Line losses associated with the Dus
Page 48 and 49: 1.2 1 Left Diluted Right Diluted Pr
Page 50 and 51: Table 3-2. Regression exponents for
Page 52 and 53: 3.4.2 Flux Calculation from Meteoro
Page 54 and 55: 12.2 m 0.16 9.0 m 0.05 5.7 m 0.22 4
Page 56 and 57: 400 Ford Ranger on NS Road by DW1 4
Page 58 and 59: ceiling can be further stretched to
Page 60 and 61: 100 sL = 2.5717(T*) 0.4741 R 2 = 0.
Page 62 and 63: 4.1.1 Converting TRAKER Data Into E
Page 64 and 65: Table 4-1. (cont) GIS coverages use
Page 66 and 67: Table 4-1. (cont) GIS coverages use
Page 68 and 69: a. b. Figure 4-1. Map of TRAKER Str
Page 70 and 71: egressions, R 2 and P-values are al
Page 72 and 73: Summer - Ada - Rural Summer - Ada -
Page 74 and 75: The average emissions factor is 6.7
Page 76 and 77: Figure 4-5. TRAKER Loop 4.3.1 Tempo
Page 78 and 79: weeks prior to being swept. While t
Page 80 and 81: 4.3.2 Meteorological Effects on Unp
Page 82 and 83: Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Figur
Page 86 and 87: Approximately 8 hours after the ini
Page 88 and 89: One-second emissions potentials (i.
Page 91 and 92: 5. EMISSIONS INVENTORIES FOR THE TR
Page 93 and 94: where E i.10 is the emissions in gr
Page 95 and 96: County Setting Road Class Speed (m/
Page 97 and 98: January, February, and March were u
Page 99 and 100: 5.1.3.2a January 1 - 9, 2000, 2010,
Page 101 and 102: Table 5-9 Precipitation and snow co
Page 103 and 104: complete link-level emissions inven
Page 105 and 106: Table 5-14. Distributions of averag
Page 107: Taken on an average annual basis, T
Page 110 and 111: Z n , K zn , ? c/ ? z n Z 3 , K z3
Page 112 and 113: Table 6-1. Aerodynamic particle siz
Page 114 and 115: 14 m 0 s 15 s 30 s 60 s 120 s 240 s
Page 116 and 117: Furthermore, the vertical profile o
Page 118 and 119: ?? Sieving each sample to obtain a
Page 120 and 121: 7-4 Table 7-1. Source Profile Key M
Page 122 and 123: Table 6-1 (continued). Table of geo
Page 124 and 125: Treasure Valley Road Dust Winter Pa
Page 127 and 128: 7.3 Source Profile Summary This a p
Page 129 and 130: Table 7-4. Source profiles of Summe
Page 131: Table 7-6. Source profiles of Winte
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Bliss experiments were significant
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section was swept with a vacuum swe
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8.3 Differences Between Emissions M
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determine at this time what fractio
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sweepers to reduce PM 10 emissions
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McMahon T.A., and P.J. Denison (197
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Figure A-1. Map of Sample Collectio
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Table A-2. Summer 2001 Silt Samplin
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Table A-3. Laboratory Silt Analysis
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Figure A-3. Map of Silt Loading Loc
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Figure A-11. Sampling locations of
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APPENDIX B. BOISE PRECIPITATION AND
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Pecentile among days with precipita
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A.1 Wind speed The cumulative frequ
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APPENDIX C : EMISSIONS INVENTORIES:
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C.1.1.2a Field List for worksheets
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values specified by AP-42 and do no
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