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Global Education Digest 2012 - International Reading Association

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OPPORTUNITIES LOST: THE IMPACT OF GRADE REPETITION AND EARLY SCHOOL LEAVING<br />

Survival<br />

rate to the<br />

last grade<br />

Primary education<br />

Gross intake ratio to<br />

the last grade<br />

Effective transition rate from<br />

primary to secondary<br />

(general programmes)<br />

Secondary education<br />

Gross enrolment ratio for<br />

secondary education<br />

(all programmes)<br />

Adult literacy rate s<br />

Public expenditure on<br />

education as a % of GDP<br />

2009 to<br />

1999 to 2004 to 2009 to<br />

2010 2000 2005 2010 2000 2005 2010 2000 2005 2010 1990 2000 2010 2000 2005 2010<br />

(15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30)<br />

100 -2 97 +1 99 96 * , -1 ... 100 100 * , -1 77 +1 82 83 ... ... … 4 +1 4 3.6<br />

98 -1 99 96 97 92 96 100 83 96 92 ... 91 93 4 2 2.6 -1<br />

... 88 * , -1 ... 110 * , +1 91 -1 ... 99 +1 77 * 80 * 82 * , +1 ... ... … ... ... ...<br />

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 100 ... ... ...<br />

91 -1 95 111 +1 105 -1 100 99 -1 96 -1 78 91 +1 86 -1 ... ... … 6 5 4.5 -1<br />

80 -2 93 +1 96 ** 105 -1 ... 79 ** 92 -1 53 ** 61 77 82 90 93 2 ** , +1 3 ** 3.0<br />

100 ... ... 102 ... ... ... 102 101 102 ... ... … 4 4 3.8<br />

... 99 117 112 -2 ... ... ... 64 88 86 -2 ... … … 11 ... ...<br />

67 -2 69 72 87 76 82 82 -2 35 45 47 ... 69 73 2 2 3.3<br />

98 -1 95 -1 99 ... 99 100 ** 100 -1 66 70 68 -1 83 89 93 6 5 +1 5.8 -1<br />

83 -1 93 -1 110 97 +1 ... ... 91 -1 68 -1 76 99 -1 ... ... … 15 ** 12 ** , -1 ...<br />

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 83 ... ... ... … 7 ** ... ...<br />

75 81 95 +1 104 68 74 ** , +1 77 40 47 54 ... 90 92 1 ... ...<br />

... 87 * , +1 ... ... ... ... ... 47 * 47 * 63 * , -2 ... ... … ... ... ...<br />

... ... ... ... ... ... ... 111 120 119 ... ... … 7 +1 6 7.2<br />

... 105 * , +1 115 * , -1 ... 91 -1 ... ... 97 ** 105 * ... ... ... … ... ... ...<br />

... 99 * 104 * , -1 ... ... ... ... 86 * 94 ** ... ... ... … 10 ** ... ...<br />

... 55 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 57 61 ... ... ...<br />

76 -1 101 +1 94 92 -1 97 -1 92 99 -1 75 +1 84 85 -1 94 93 95 3 2 2.7 -1<br />

99 104 99 101 100 99 100 -1 99 98 97 ... ... … 4 +1 4 5.0 -1<br />

... 94 100 ** , -1 101 93 * 97 ** , -1 100 78 84 ** 85 98 99 99 4 ... 5.3 -2<br />

99 -1 ... ... ... ... ... 91 -1 ... ... ... 89 93 96 3 ... 3.3<br />

... ... ... ... ... ... ... 21 31 ... ... 77 … 2 ** , -1 ... 6.1 -2<br />

... 88 ** , -1 ... ... ... ... ... 62 +1 71 79 +1 ... 93 94 5 4 3.8<br />

67 ... ... 65 ... ... 90 34 ** , +1 55 56 ... 38 58 ... ... 14.0<br />

... 108 * ... ... 92 +1 ... ... 92 * ... ... ... ... … ... ... ...<br />

... 107 +1 109 ... 99 +1 94 +1 ... 106 101 +1 ... ... 99 99 5 4 -1 ...<br />

... 110 ** 106 * ... 61 ** , +1 ... ... 80 * , +1 ... ... ... ... … ... ... ...<br />

71 -1 92 91 -1 83 53 ** 59 ** , -1 89 35 42 -1 55 68 78 83 7 ... 5.2 -1<br />

... 98 93 ... 93 ** 93 ** , +1 ... 64 77 77 88 90 93 ... ... 5.3 -2<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN<br />

... 92 ** 78 ** 79 ** , -2 100 ** 98 95 107 ** 87 ** ... ... ... … ... ... 3.5 -2<br />

... ... ... 100 ... ... 90 79 ... 105 ... 99 99 3 -1 ... 2.5 -1<br />

94 -1 99 98 106 -1 ... ... 99 -1 87 85 89 -1 96 97 98 5 ** 5 +1 6.0 -1<br />

91 -1 98 88 91 100 99 99 -1 97 95 90 ... 97 97 5 ... 5.9 -1<br />

89 82 -1 102 97 ... 98 ** 99 82 ** 90 96 ... ... … 3 ** ... ...<br />

... 99 91 101 * 99 99 99 * , -1 105 107 101 * ... ... … 6 7 6.7 -1<br />

90 94 94 105 94 98 96 65 75 -1 ... 70 ... … 5 5 -1 6.1 -1<br />

... 97 +1 95 100 ... 98 ... 79 +1 81 79 ... ... … ... 2 2.6<br />

84 -2 99 102 +1 99 -2 93 93 ** , -1 96 -2 80 ** 82 +1 80 -1 80 87 91 5 6 +1 ...<br />

... 108 106 ... 98 +1 96 ... 104 106 ... ... 89 90 4 5 5.7 -1<br />

... 108 ** 99 * 99 * 97 ** 94 86 98 ** 104 * 102 * ... ... … ... ... 4.3<br />

... 109 87 86 -2 99 * 99 97 -2 103 83 83 -2 ... ... 99 ... ... ...<br />

... 98 95 -1 ... 99 99 -1 93 ** , -2 83 91 88 -1 94 96 99 4 3 4.5 -1<br />

85 95 104 114 95 100 98 72 83 96 81 93 93 3 4 4.8<br />

89 87 94 96 85 97 92 61 81 100 ... 95 96 4 5 +1 6.3 -1<br />

95 +1 96 92 99 +1 97 99 99 +1 83 91 90 +1 ... 100 100 8 11 12.9<br />

88 119 ** 102 84 98 ** 99 98 105 108 98 ... ... … 5 ** , -1 ... 3.6<br />

... 78 84 +1 92 91 92 ** , -1 91 59 70 76 ... 87 90 2 ** ... ...<br />

... 99 106 ... 69 * 79 ** ... 57 64 75 ** , -2 88 91 92 1 ... ...<br />

86 83 ** 85 96 90 ** 96 ** 98 54 62 65 74 80 84 3 3 3.2<br />

... 71 ** 115 ** 112 ** ... ... 88 -1 ... 107 * 108 ... ... … ... ... ...<br />

65 -2 58 74 84 96 93 ** 93 -2 38 51 59 64 69 75 ... 3 +1 3.2 -2<br />

83 -1 103 105 83 69 ... 95 98 +1 94 91 ... ... … 8 ** 8 3.7<br />

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 59 49 ... ... ...<br />

76 -2 ... 82 99 ... 75 ... ... ... 73 ... 80 85 ... ... ...<br />

95 88 86 ** 73 98 +1 99 ** 99 87 93 93 ... 80 87 5 5 6.1<br />

94 99 100 105 91 +1 94 95 73 82 89 88 91 93 5 5 5.3 -1<br />

187

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