Global Education Digest 2012 - International Reading Association

A N N E X
A4
DEFINITIONS
Adjusted net intake rate (ANIR). Total enrolment in primary education of pupils of official primary school
entrance age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the same age in a given school year. It is the
equivalent of the age-specific enrolment rate of the official primary entrance age. It measures the actual level of
access to primary education of the population of the official primary school entrance age.
Adjusted primary net enrolment rate (ANER). Total number of pupils or students of official primary school
age who are enrolled in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the corresponding
population. It measures actual school participation of the official primary school age population and assesses the
level of achievement of the universal primary education (UPE) goal.
Capping. Indicators that surpass a theoretical maximum value are adjusted using a capping factor. The
maximum value is determined using raw data from related indicators. Male, female and total values are
recalculated and lowered by the capping factor so that the gender parity index of the new set of values
remains the same as for the original values. For instance, net enrolment rates in primary education are capped
using a factor that takes into account the male and female primary school-age populations and enrolment
of primary school-age boys and girls in pre-primary, primary and secondary education. If the total enrolment
of primary school-age children (whether male or female) is higher than the corresponding population, all net
enrolment indicators (net enrolment rate, adjusted net enrolment rate, etc.) and their derivative indicators
(out-of-school rate, etc.) are capped based on the same capping factor. In this case, the capping factor is
calculated by taking the maximum of male and female enrolments and dividing by the primary school-age
population of the same sex.
Class. A class is made up of pupils or students who are following a common course of study. Pupils/students
are grouped together in a class based on the highest number of common courses, usually compulsory studies.
A class is the pedagogical structure in which each pupil/student is registered. Regardless of the level of study, a
pupil/student is registered in only one class. Pupils/students from different grades may be present in the same
class, as occurs in one-teacher or two-teacher schools. Conversely, a school may have a number of classes for
the same grade.
Class size. The number of enrolled students divided by the number of classes for the whole country. To ensure
comparability among countries, special needs programmes are excluded. Data include only regular programmes
at primary and lower secondary levels of education and exclude teaching in sub-groups outside the regular
classroom setting.
Compulsory education. The number of years or age span during which children are legally obliged to attend
school.
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