Global Education Digest 2012 - International Reading Association

OPPORTUNITIES LOST: THE IMPACT OF GRADE REPETITION AND EARLY SCHOOL LEAVING
Gross outbound enrolment ratio. Total number of tertiary students from a given country studying abroad
expressed as a percentage of the population of tertiary age in that country.
Instruction time of teachers (teaching time). Statutory instruction time (sometimes also referred to as teaching
time) is defined as the total number of hours per year for which a full-time classroom teacher is responsible for
teaching a group or class of students, according to the formal policy in the specific country. Periods of time
formally allowed for breaks between lessons or groups of lessons may be excluded. Instruction/ teaching hours
per year are calculated on the basis of teaching hours per day multiplied by the number of teaching days per
year, or on the basis of teaching hours per week multiplied by the number of weeks per year that the school is
open for teaching. The number of hours per year that fall on days when the school is closed is excluded.
Intended instruction time for students. The number of hours per year that pupils are instructed according to
the compulsory and flexible part of the intended curriculum. The total number of intended instruction hours per
year is calculated by multiplying the total number of classroom sessions per year by the duration of one session.
The intended curriculum is the subject matter content, as defined by the government or the education system.
The intended curriculum comprises compulsory subjects, as well as the flexible part of the curriculum (subjects
of the intended curriculum).
International (or internationally mobile) students. Students who have crossed a national or territorial border
for the purpose of education and are now enrolled outside their country of origin.
International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED). A classification system that provides a
framework for the comprehensive statistical description of national educational systems and a methodology that
translates national educational programmes into internationally comparable levels of education. The basic unit
of classification in ISCED is the educational programme. ISCED also classifies programmes by field of study,
programme orientation and destination (see Annex B).
Literacy. The ability to read and write, with understanding, a simple statement related to one’s daily life. It
involves a continuum of reading and writing skills, and often includes basic arithmetic skills (numeracy).
Literacy rate. Total number of literate persons in a given age group, expressed as a percentage of the total
population in that age group. The adult literacy rate measures literacy among persons aged 15 years and older,
and the youth literacy rate measures literacy among persons aged 15 to 24 years.
Mobility ratios
Inbound mobility rate. Total number of students from abroad studying in a given country, expressed as a
percentage of total tertiary enrolment in that country.
Outbound mobility ratio. Total number of students from a given country studying abroad, expressed as a
percentage of total tertiary enrolment in that country.
Net enrolment rate (NER). Total number of pupils or students in the theoretical age group for a given level of
education enrolled in that level, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.
Net flow of mobile students. The number of tertiary students from abroad (inbound students) studying in a
given country minus the number of students at the same level from a given country studying abroad (outbound
students).
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