DMZ 일원 생태 í‰í™”ì  관리를 위한 êµ­ì œì»¨í¼ëŸ°ìŠ¤ - ìœ ë„¤ìŠ¤ì½”í•œêµ­ìœ„ì›íšŒ

DMZ 일원 생태ㆍ평화적 관리를 위한 국제컨퍼런스
forms of political cooperation, experiences and lessons from conflict-affected countries and
regions over the past two decades suggest that harnessing the peace building potential of
natural resources and the environment often moves along a pathway of cooperation
comprising four key steps. The first step along this pathway is dialogue over shared
resources or common environmental threats, which can bring divergent groups together,
break down stereotypes and humanise parties in dispute. The second step entails sharing
technical information on a specific natural resource or environmental threat, which may
allow parties to depoliticise the issue and agree on a set of core facts. The third step along
the pathway involves conducting joint field assessments, to help overcome differences. This
step often includes impartial third parties and independent experts by both sides to facilitate
the process and validate findings. The outcomes of joint assessments help to develop a
common understanding of the challenge and a shared vision towards sustainable use and/or
methods for addressing the environmental threat. The final step along the pathway is the
coordinated or joint management of shared natural resources or environmental threats.
Moving along this path, parties achieve higher levels of environmental cooperation,
commitment, confidence and trust building, and reconciliation.
❖ Case studies
Experiences from three conflict affected regions demonstrate the manner in which
protected areas have been used, to varying degrees, to help parties move along the various
steps of the pathway of cooperation. Specifically, using protected areas as a platform for
cooperation has helped parties resolve boundary disputes, as well as encouraged technical
cooperation and rural development in these conflict-affected zones.
1. The Peru-Ecuador Peace Park
The border between Peru and Ecuador, known as the Cordillera del Condor, was at the
centre of a dispute between the two countries for over 150 years. The last major conflict
between the two countries took place in 1942 and ended with the signing of the Rio de
Janeiro Protocol. However, the Protocol failed to clearly define the new frontier between
Peru and Ecuador, and resulted in continued uncertainty, renewed tensions and sporadic
violence. Following a series of prolonged discussions, the Acta Presidencial de Brasiliawas
signed in 1998, and called for Peru and Ecuador to establish adjacent zones of ecological
protection on both sides of the border in the Cordillera del Condor. In 1999, Ecuador
established the El Cóndor Park, while Peru created an Ecological Protection Zone and the
Santiago-Comaina Reserved Zone. The treaty has led to subsequent bi-national initiatives to
manage and conserve the parks such as the "Peace and Bi-national Conservation in the
Cordillera del Cóndor, Ecuador-Peru" project.
98 ❙ DMZ 일원의 생태⋅평화⋅지역발전