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Hanbando Eco-Peace Park
Strengthening the ecosystem integrity of Korean peninsular
and Encouraging the conservation and sustainable use of DMZ areas…
Dr. Hag Young Heo
IUCN Asia Regional Protected Area Programme / Korea National Park Service
1. Background
In 1945, the Korean peninsula was liberated from the Japanese colonial rule. In that
process, the military demarcation line on the 38th parallel divided the peninsula into two
Koreas. After Korean war, Korean peninsula has been separated over the past 50 years by
DMZ(De-Militarized Zone), which is the area covering 2km to the south and north from
the Military Demarcation Line(MDL), and the total area is about 907km2. And as a
southern neighborhood area, there is a Civilian Control Zone (CCZ) which is the area
within 10km to the south from the MDZ. These areas have been long known for its rich
biological diversity and tourism potential, as it is home to hundreds of species of plants
and animals, including some endangered.
The need to conserve these areas has been highlighted along with rising national interest
in protected areas, which has increased greatly due to a new awareness of the importance
of conserving ecosystems and biodiversity. In addition, the ROK government has stepped up
efforts to connect and conserve the DMZ, with initiatives to create an ecological park and
other types of protected areas. However, at the same time, there are various kinds of plans
to develop these areas and some development activities were conducted and caused
ecological degradation.
In order to strengthen the ecosystem integrity of Korean peninsular and to effective
conserve Korean peninsular’s biodiversity as a whole, we should promote connecting the
main ecological axewhich was divided by DMZ. To accomplish them, we need more
efforts to raise the understanding about biodiversity and protected area systems of both
Koreas and we also need to take appropriate actions to conserve neighboring areas of
DMZ. On this process, the suitable international co-operations including DPRK could be
contributed a lot for continuous and effective conservation and management of DMZ areas.
2. Biodiversity of the Korean peninsula
The Korean Peninsulais dominated by diverse forest types, wetlands, coastal areas and so
on. Korean peninsula has a geographical feature that highlands are located in the east and
50 ❙ DMZ 일원의 생태⋅평화⋅지역발전