Gaining health : analysis of policy development in European ...

the planning process will confront the difficult questions
of financing, partnerships and coordinating responsibilities,
including the harmonization of donor activities on the basis
of the national strategy.
2.3.1. Structure of the strategy
While planning the structure of the strategy, four vertical
and three horizontal approaches were taken into consideration.
Vertical approaches include:
• health in all policies: government policy supporting
health and intersectoral cooperation in health promotion
and disease prevention issues, including:
--
legislation;
--
coordination and management of the strategy; and
--
mechanisms of financing;
• healthy lifestyles and risk factor reduction: boosting personal
involvement of the population to support healthy
lifestyles, reduce risk factors and develop personal skills
for healthier choices, including:
--
development of individual/personal skills and abilities
to live a healthy lifestyle;
--
fighting harmful habits; and
--
creating the conditions that enable people to make
healthy choices in everyday life;
• partnerships: supporting health in everyday life at different
levels and settings of the community, including:
--
broadening health promotion activities in everyday
settings;
--
creating partnerships in support of health at all
levels; and
--
strengthening the strategic character of international
cooperation;
• health services: to strengthen the preventive work of
medical organizations and institutions, including:
--
strengthening and developing health promotion and
NCD prevention in public health institutions;
--
increasing the role of PHC in NCD prevention and
health promotion; and
--
developing cooperation with the clinical sector.
Horizontal approaches comprise:
• reducing inequities and having a positive effect on the
socioeconomic determinants of health:
--
a positive effect on socioeconomic determinants and
an improvement in the health of the overall population;
--
a reduction in health inequities as an integral part of
the planning, implementation and evaluation of any
action within the framework of the strategy; and
--
the development of special actions aimed at vulnerable
groups;
• health communication, targeting:
--
various groups of the population;
--
medical workers; and
--
other sectors and partners;
• monitoring, evaluation and effectiveness of ongoing
measures:
--
monitoring and evaluation of strategy implementation
as a whole, taking into consideration processes
and results, and
--
separate monitoring and evaluation of each step.
Concrete measures are integrated into this planning framework
and are essentially interrelated. The adoption of the
document in July 2007 at a national workshop also served
as a basis for elaborating the concrete steps in its implementation.
2.4. Key institutions in the field of public health and
health promotion
Kyrgyzstan faces the challenge of new ways of governance.
The whole public administration system is changing. Intersectoral
managerial structures for health promotion and
Chapter 4
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Case studies: policy development in countries for tackling noncommunicable diseases