Abstracts available here - Society for Conservation Biology

More documents

Recommendations

Info

25th International Congress for Conservation Biology • Auckland, New Zealand • 5-9 December 2011 2011-12-09 15:15 Water Producer: Enhancing The Decision Public Policy Component Based On Strategy Measures In A Brazilian Water Fund DIEDERICHSEN, ANITA*, The Nature Conservancy; Veiga Neto, Fernando, The Nature Conservancy; Guimarães, João, The Nature Conservancy; Petry, Paulo, The Nature Conservancy; Padovezi, Aurélio, The Nature Conservancy; Araujo, Albano, The Nature Conservancy; Benini, Rubens, The Nature Conservancy; Klemz, Cláudio, The Nature Conservancy The Water Producer Strategy financially compensates landowners who carryout conservation and restoration activities in key areas of their properties such as along riparian areas, in headwater areas and on steep slopes, based on a payment for ecosystem service approach (PES). The Nature Conservancy’s long-term objective is to create a reliable water-services-based revenue stream that will ensure forest conservation and restoration in Atlantic Forest and Cerrado Brazilian hotspots on a scale that will be meaningful for nature and people. It is expected 500,000 hectares until 2015 in these biomes under this strategy. Since we started our work in 2006 we have been improving our strategy measures and also the implementation of a framework to monitor the conservation and ecosystem services results, using field information and also modeling. Our assessment of the strategy´s measures have been supporting our decision making, especially in guiding the amount of effort and investment necessary to generate the expected results in each of the implementation steps. Based on the assessment that the PES Public Program delivers large scale results (mobilizing U$9 million/year), we learned that the strategy needs dedication to generate not only on the ground demonstration results but also a strong amount of investment in building policy and increasing the state execution capacity and on the development of financial mechanisms behind the payment of the ecosystem service scheme. 2011-12-07 16:45 Exploring the impacts of social and biological indicators on beliefs about local effects of climate change Dietsch, AM*, Graduate Research Assistant, Colorado State University; Manfredo, MJ, Professor & Department Chair, Colorado State University; Teel, TL, Associate Professor, Colorado State University; President of Social Science Working Group, Society for Conservation Biology; Recent studies reveal a decline in people’s beliefs that climate change is real (e.g., Pew Research Center, 2009). Successful action to address climate change is linked to public acceptance, which raises questions about what factors affect people’s thoughts on the subject. Would evidence of real environment change have an impact? How much influence do ideological variables have? In response to these questions, our study in the Western U.S. explored the extent to which beliefs about local impacts of climate change can be explained by biological (e.g., temperature variation) and social indicators (e.g., values). Results show that residents’ beliefs about whether climate change is affecting their local environment were significantly related to their value orientations toward wildlife and nature and less related to recent precipitation and temperature differences from 30-year normals. For example, residents who characterized wildlife as capable of relationships of trust with humans and deserving of rights and caring were more likely than those with a utilitarian orientation toward wildlife to think that climate change is having local impacts. Findings suggest that understanding people’s more fundamental values is critical to communicating with diverse publics and gaining support for solutions aimed at solving complex conservation problems such as climate change. 2011-12-06 15:00 Listening and learning: kiwi conservation through calls Digby, AP*, Victoria University of Wellington; Bell, BD, Victoria University of Wellington; Teal, PD, Victoria University of Wellington; Acoustic methods enable the study and monitoring of threatened species that are cryptic, difficult to capture or sensitive to disturbance. One example is the famous New Zealand endemic, the kiwi. We are developing acoustic techniques for little spotted kiwi that can be applied to the conservation of all kiwi species. Calls can be used to vocally identify individuals, and assess phenotypic variation in small, isolated populations. Autonomous recorders enable passive monitoring of remote or sparse populations over long time frames, and have many other diverse applications, such as monitoring breeding behaviour and success. Microphone arrays permit spatial monitoring, allowing assessment of territory and habitat use, and the study of social interactions. We demonstrate the use of these techniques to further understanding of kiwi ecology, and to assist in the conservation of kiwi and other similarly vocal threatened species. 2011-12-07 18:00 Success of Traditional Pastoralists in Enumerating a Low Density, Highly Persecuted Population of African Lions (Panthera leo) Dolrenry, Stephanie*, University of Wisconsin, Madison and Living with Lions; Hazzah, Leela, University of Wisconsin Madison and Living with Lions; Frank, Laurence, University of California Berkeley and Living with Lions; African lion populations are in steep decline, due largely to retaliatory killing by pastoralists and other livestock producers in response to depredation on livestock. As the human population expands, maintaining carnivore populations outside large protected areas increasingly depends upon improved methods for mitigating human-carnivore conflict and improved methods for monitoring carnivore populations. At the same time, pastoralists who are bearing the cost of living with carnivores, need a direct stake in preserving wildlife. We report on the success of a program outside Amboseli National Park in Kenya that employs 25 Maasai warriors, most of them prior lion killers, in enumerating a low density lion population over a 3500 km2 study area. Through traditional and radio tracking, weekly spoor counts, and identification of individually known lions, trained Maasai warriors called Lion Guardians, in collaboration with biologists, have confidently identified the region’s population of lions. The warriors were 83% accurate in individual reports of lion numbers and gender, and approximately 90% correct in identifying individual lions. Since only a few unknown adult lions have been detected in the region since November 2009, we are confident that our count of 46 adults, 7 sub-adults, and 25 cubs represents virtually the entire lion population of the Amboseli ecosystem, a density of 1.5 adults and sub-adults per 100 km2. This study contributes to the growing adaptive management literature by demonstrating the efficacy and accuracy of traditional pastoralists in collecting key ecological data on a large carnivore population. 2011-12-06 12:45 Implementing the New Zealand Marine Protected Areas Policy – a case study from the South Island West Coast Don Neale*, Dept of Conservation; The West Coast Marine Protection Forum was established in 2005 to recommend marine areas for protection in the South Island West Coast inshore marine biogeographic region. The independent Forum comprised fourteen people who were representative of a range of stakeholders and users, including tangata whenua, commercial fishing, recreational fishing, environment and conservation, education, local community and local government. The Forum was advised and funded by New Zealand government agencies, the Department of Conservation and Ministry of Fisheries. The Forum was primarily guided by the New Zealand government’s Marine Protected Area Policy and Implementation Plan, and its associated ecosystem classification and protection standards. Multiple users and diverse interests are a feature of mainland coasts such as the West Coast. Accordingly, the Forum had a strong focus on ensuring public and stakeholder input, and the use of the best available information. In accordance with the MPA Policy, the forum sought to recommend representative coverage of marine habitats within MPAs, while minimising adverse impacts on existing users. The Forum succeeded in recommending marine protected areas at four “primary sites” (each with two or three options) and five smaller “educational showcase sites”. In September 2011, the Minister of Conservation directed the Department to proceed with applying for highly protected marine reserves at the five sites, including the four primary sites. The Ministry of Fisheries is to proceed with proposals to prohibit bottom-impacting fishing methods adjoining two of the primary sites. In total, these MPA proposals cover 27085 hectares or 2.1% of the marine environment of the biogeographic region. If approved, they will include three of the four largest marine reserves on the mainland New Zealand coast. It is expected that the necessary legal processes for these proposals under the Marine Reserves Act 1971 and Fisheries Act 1996 will proceed during 2012. 42
25th International Congress for Conservation Biology • Auckland, New Zealand • 5-9 December 2011 2011-12-07 11:45 Community involvement in the management of a threatened shorebird Dowding, JE*, DM Consultants; Bryant, S, Dept of Conservation; The Northern New Zealand dotterel (Charadrius obscurus aquilonius) is a threatened plover endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. The main threats to the taxon are predation by introduced mammals and disturbance during the breeding season caused by human recreational use of the coastline. Without management, the subspecies would decline. The Department of Conservation (DOC) has the statutory responsibility to protect and preserve the taxon, but does not have sufficient resources on its own to manage enough pairs to bring about population growth. Management of a significant portion of the population is now undertaken by individual volunteers, community groups, local government agencies, and a variety of partnerships. The most extensive of these programmes is on Coromandel Peninsula, where the activities of volunteers at 33 breeding sites are overseen by a single professional coordinator funded by a sponsorship agreement. A few sites are managed by DOC, and other sites are monitored. This joint programme currently monitors about 160 pairs of dotterels (about 20% of the estimated global population) at 48 sites. Management has been highly successful at increasing productivity to levels that result in local population growth. This model has obvious applicability in other areas and for other species. The advantages and disadvantages of this type of programme are outlined. 2011-12-07 14:00 Can biotic homogenization be stopped in low intensity agriculture on the large scale? Doxa, A.*, CEFE-CNRS; Paracchini, M-L., IES-JRC; Philippe Pointereau , SOLAGRO; Vincent Devictor, CNRS-UM2; Frédéric Jiguet, MNHN; Agriculture intensification is prone to drive biotic homogenization in agroecosystems but large scale spatial variations of the phenomenon are still unknown. Low intensity agriculture identified in Europe as High Nature Value farmlands are expected to support high levels of biological diversity and may be an interesting tool in preventing further farmland biodiversity loss. We examine how contemporary composition and dynamics of bird communities in France are related to past changes in HNV farmland within a 30-year period. We conducted a global analysis at the national level and separate analyses for 3 types of farmlands: (i) highly intensified agriculture areas, (ii) areas of relatively recent agriculture intensification and (iii) areas of low-intensity farming identified as HNV farmlands. We revealed that French farmland in its whole is currently subjected to biotic homogenisation processes. However, no such loss was observed in HNV farmland and we obtained indications that these areas are potentially not affected - or at least not at the same pace as elsewhere - by biotic homogenization. Time-lagged species responses to intensification may also explain present distributions in different farmland categories. We identify areas that should be given conservation priority as further biodiversity loss should be expected in some agro-ecosystems. 2011-12-07 18:15 Predicting introduced Pallas’s squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus) expansion in Southern France Dozieres, A.*, MNHN UPMC CNRS UMR 7204; Lorrilliere, R., MNHN UPMC CNRS UMR 7204; Robert, A., MNHN UPMC CNRS UMR 7204; Chapuis, J.L., MNHN UPMC CNRS UMR 7204; Pallas’s squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus, a native species from Southeastern Asia, has become invasive in most countries where it has been introduced. Few individuals have been released at Cap d’Antibes (Alpes-Maritimes, Southern France) in the late 1960’s and since then the population has grown, its range reaching about 1800 ha in 2010. The aim of this study is to compare different scenarios of expansion for this species, based on various scenarios of population management. For this purpose, we developed a spatially explicit individual-based model, which mimics dispersal at the landscape level. The model includes life-history parameters, habitat suitability and carrying capacity estimated in 2009 and 2010 from various methods, including trapping, transect count, and radio-tracking. Reliability of our model was evaluated against existing data on the colonization history of Pallas’ squirrels. Projections are accurate and warn against the risk of invasion of this species in Mediterranean landscapes. Our results highlight the importance of such modeling tools in understanding colonization processes of introduced species, and emphasize the need to gather data on life history traits to infer realistic trajectories. Finally, our scenarios will provide management recommendations. 2011-12-06 16:38 Sustainable Forest Management through Community Participation in Rajasthan. DR.PARUL GUPTA*, BBD Government College, Chimanpura, Shapura, Jaipur,Rajasthan,INDIA In present times the conservation of earth’s biodiversity has become more of a social challenge than a mere ecological science. Rajasthan in India is a state with people from different castes, classes and tribes at community level having varied nature and extent of dependence on forest. In the present study, survey was conducted to analyse the efficacy of the Joint Forest Management(JFM) systems in Rajasthan in which forest resources are being managed in collaborative ways. How well are the programs perceived by the local people and what challenges are being faced by such programs ? It was found that even this form of participatory forest management under JFM scheme suffers from some fundamental inadequacies. A range of social engineering tasks need to be undertaken to make such programs more participatory and successful. The same will be discussed in the paper. 2011-12-09 14:32 Approaches to Ungulate Control in New Zealand and United States National Parks Dratch, PA*, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service; Hanson, B, New Zeland Department of Conservation; Control of cervids, both native and exotic, has been a problem in national parks for decades. The effects of elk (wapiti) and other deer species on native vegetation have been demonstrated, but reducing cervid numbers while still protecting the solitude of natural parks has presented unique challenges. Ground shooting and the use of helicopters, a technical advance developed in the remote areas of New Zealand, have successfully reduced or eliminated non-native populations, such as recently implemented at Point Reyes National Seashore. In the last five years, new management strategies have been developed for Fiordland National Park and Theodore Roosevelt National Park that involve members of the public. The Fiordland Wapiti Trust, working directly with the New Zealand Department of Conservation, reduces the red deer and stoat populations to preserve a trophy wapiti hunt and improve conservation values. Over a three month period ending in January 2011, Theodore Roosevelt National Park, working with the North Dakota Game and Fish Department, utilized 181 volunteers to remove 406 elk. This review of deer introductions and population reductions in the national parks of New Zealand and the United States examines the management methods and public involvement that show the most promise for the future. 2011-12-08 18:30 They fought the law and the law won: Impact of legislation on the anthropogenic spread of rusty crayfish Dresser, CM*, Central Michigan University; Swanson, BJ, Central Michigan University; Legal policies are often enacted to prevent anthropogenic introductions of invasive species, but it is difficult to prevent natural range expansion following introduction. We evaluated the impact of legislation on the spread of invasive rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) in the United States. We found a significant relationship between the presence of regulations prohibiting the movement of aquatic invasives and the presence of rusty crayfish (X2=8.6, p
Page 1 and 2: ABSTRACTS 25th International Congre
Page 3 and 4: 25th International Congress for Con
Page 43: 25th International Congress for Con
Page 95 and 96:
25th International Congress for Con
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Index Benini, Rubens 42 Beniston, M
Page 191 and 192:
Index DeWan, Amielle 14 Dianne Brun
Page 193 and 194:
Index Hilborn, Ray 27 Hill, CM 176
Page 195 and 196:
Index Loutit, R. 116 Louwe Kooijman
Page 197 and 198:
Index Ottewell, K 81 Overton, J 61,
Page 199 and 200:
Index Sequeira, Ana 151 Serebryakov
Page 201 and 202:
Index Winandy, L 181 Winner, J. 112
show all

Abstracts available here - Society for Conservation Biology

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?