Distributed Renewable Energy Operating Impacts and Valuation Study

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Appendix B has been extracted from the data sets for the ERP program and the data for the other systems has been extracted from the SGIP program. The following table presents the analysis of the cost trends for a 5 kWAC system. The data represents systems that have a stated capacity of 4.9 to 5.1 kWAC. The annual average installed system cost has varied between $7,235/kWAC to $9,892/kWAC and has averaged $8,748/kWAC across all years. Table B-2 Installed Costs of 5 kW Systems in ERP Program Number of Installed System Cost ($/kW AC ) Year Systems Average Maximum Minimum 1998 1 $7,235 $7,235 $7,235 1999 2 $8,070 $8,124 $8,016 2000 2 $9,013 $10,456 $7,569 2001 9 $8,716 $12,185 $5,420 2002 87 $9,893 $14,108 $7,605 2003 258 $9,199 $16,634 $5,647 2004 535 $8,563 $16,191 $3,800 2005 297 $8,482 $12,779 $3,200 2006 273 $8,857 $12,873 $5,748 2007 233 $9,454 $19,026 $2,600 The trend of the cost data is presented in the following figure. The trend shows that the average installed costs have remained fairly constant over the duration of the program. Figure B-3. Historical Installed Cost of 5 kWAC System in the ERP Program CA ERP Cost Trends System Size: 5 kW AC Installed Cost ($/kWAC) $20,000 $18,000 $16,000 $14,000 $12,000 $10,000 $8,000 $6,000 $4,000 $2,000 $0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year Average Maximum Minimum B-8 | R. W. Beck, Inc. Arizona Public Service
CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM The following table presents the summary of installed cost for 50 kW PV systems that have received an incentive through the SGIP program. The annual average installed system cost has varied between $6,740/kWAC to $9,710/kWAC and has averaged $8,581/kWAC across all years. Table B-3 Installed Costs of 50 kW AC Systems in SGIP Program Number of Installed System Cost ($/kW AC ) Year Systems Average Maximum Minimum 2002 1 $8,950 $8,950 $8,950 2003 7 $6,740 $8,981 $4,710 2004 11 $8,846 $9,740 $8,020 2005 9 $8,966 $10,188 $7,856 2006 13 $8,275 $15,037 $5,111 2007 9 $9,710 $14,006 $8,149 Figure B-4. Historical Installed Cost of 50 kWAC System in the SGIP Program CA SGIP Cost Trends System Size: 50 kW AC Installed Cost ($/kWAC) $16,000 $14,000 $12,000 $10,000 $8,000 $6,000 $4,000 $2,000 $0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year Average Maximum Minimum The following table presents the summary of installed cost for 100 kW PV systems that have received an incentive through the SGIP program. The annual average installed system cost has varied between $7,710/kWAC to $9,511/kWAC and has averaged $8,424/kWAC across all years. Distributed Renewable Energy Operating Impacts & Valuation Study R. W. Beck, Inc. | B-9
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PREPARED FOR: ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVIC
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CONTENTS List of Tables............
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Contents 5. Technical Value - Power
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Contents TABLES 1-1 RES Eligible Te
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Contents FIGURES 1-1 RES Compliance
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5-6 Typical Output, Single-Axis Tra
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Abundant sunshine
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Executive Summary many uncertaintie
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Executive Summary In contrast to al
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Executive Summary Capital Reduction
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Executive Summary Annual Energy and
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Executive Summary commercial custom
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Executive Summary Creation of a suc
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SECTION 1 — STUDY BACKGROUND AND
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Study Background and Description 1.
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Study Background and Description in
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Study Background and Description Fi
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Study Background and Description SH
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Study Background and Description Ta
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Study Background and Description 1.
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Study Background and Description AP
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Study Background and Description cu
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Study Background and Description to
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Study Background and Description in
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Section 2 and commercial customers.
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Section 2 Figure 2-2: Photovoltaic
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Section 2 When weighted by capacity
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Section 2 PV Model Inputs Two basel
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Section 2 Figure 2-5: Phoenix Area
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Section 2 Figure 2-7: Typical Sprin
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Section 2 account shading at the ho
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Section 2 • Residential: • A so
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Section 2 • Thermosyphon systems
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Section 2 existing systems installe
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Section 2 Figure 2-12: Hourly SHW S
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Section 2 Figure 2-14: Active Dayli
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Section 2 Daylighting Costs Capital
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Section 2 • An interior diffusion
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Section 2 Key Findings of Commercia
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Section 2 2.5 Deployment Analysis 2
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Section 2 Table 2-11 Residential PV
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Section 2 Commercial PV PV systems
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Section 2 was conceived by Frank Ba
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Section 2 Kastovich. 36 The formula
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Section 2 Figure 2-20: PV Payback -
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Section 2 Figure 2-22: PV Payback -
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Section 2 Figure 2-24: Daylighting
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Section 2 • The forecast of the a
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Section 2 Results of Market Simulat
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SECTION 3 — TECHNICAL VALUE - DIS
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Technical Value - Distribution Syst
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Section 4 Both of these benefits ar
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Section 4 decrease both real and re
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Section 4 • A simplifying assumpt
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Section 4 Results The effects of as
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Section 4 may have excess schedulin
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Section 4 4.3.2 Local Reliability/R
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Section 4 Figure 4-3: $110 Million
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Section 4 Figure 4-4: Historical PV
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Section 4 Figure 4-6: Historical PV
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SECTION 5 — TECHNICAL VALUE - POW
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Technical Value - Power Supply Capa
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Page 177 and 178: Technical Value - Power Supply Capa
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Page 190 and 191: Section 6 Value is also viewed and
Page 192 and 193: Section 6 6.2.2 Approach to Identif
Page 194 and 195: Section 6 Table 6-1 Levelized Carry
Page 196 and 197: Section 6 6.4.2 Summary of Quantita
Page 198 and 199: Section 6 Table 6-4 Capital Cost Re
Page 200 and 201: Section 6 Table 6-6 Total Solar DE
Page 202 and 203: Section 6 savings for the High Pene
Page 204 and 205: Section 6 6.4.7 Fixed and Variable
Page 206 and 207: Section 6 current demand, but assum
Page 208 and 209: Section 6 legislation and regulatio
Page 210 and 211: Section 6 The expansion of “green
Page 212 and 213: Section 6 solar DE development over
Page 214 and 215: Section 6 • Provide financing - M
Page 216 and 217: Section 6 6.8 Conclusions The winni
Page 218 and 219: Appendix A solar incidence: solar t
Page 221 and 222: APPENDIX B — CALIFORNIA PV PROGRA
Page 223 and 224: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM Figure B-2. C
Page 225 and 226: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM largest avera
Page 227: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM The data show
Page 231: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM Figure B-6. H
Page 234 and 235: Appendix C The price of an SREC is
Page 236 and 237: Appendix C Figure C-3. Average Cost
Page 238 and 239: Appendix C Figure C-6. Average Cost
Page 240 and 241: Appendix C C.2.5 Government Facilit
Page 242 and 243: Appendix C Figure C-14. Average Cap
Page 244 and 245: Appendix C Figure C-16. Total Numbe
Page 247 and 248: APPENDIX D — CUSTOMER USE CHARACT
Page 249 and 250: Customer Use Characteristics by Sel
Page 259 and 260: APPENDIX E — MONTHLY LOAD PROFILE
Page 261 and 262: Monthly Load Profiles by Selected A
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Monthly Load Profiles by Selected A
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APPENDIX F — PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
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Photovoltaic system modeling Figure
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Photovoltaic system modeling - One-
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Appendix G The SRCC provides estima
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Appendix H Equipment Qualifications
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Appendix I Table I-3 Residential Ch
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Appendix J APS Incentive Schedules
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DISTRIBUTED ENERGY ADMINISTRATION P
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DISTRIBUTED ENERGY ADMINISTRATION P
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Appendix K DSS Study - Distribution
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Overview • EPRI was contracted by
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Circuit Model © 2008 Electric Powe
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Modeling Assumptions • Distributi
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Procedures After Model Conversion
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Load Models • Individual customer
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Loss Impact Analysis © 2008 Electr
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Sample Residential Solar Curves 3.0
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Hourly Average Load and Solar Curve
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Base Case Results: No Solar 12000 T
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Case 1 Results: Business as Usual 1
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Loss Analysis Results Summary Base
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Reduction in 2007 Peak Load 2007 Pe
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Voltage Regulation © 2008 Electric
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ADEQ: Fixed Horizontal commercial P
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SOL_Desert: Fixed Latitude (residen
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Voltage Regulation Model • Same b
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Total PV Power Input Total PV Power
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Effect of PV Power on Phase Current
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Deviation between Voltage Profile 0
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Greenfield Results with Manually Ed
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Effect of Edited PV Profile on Tota
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Effect of Edited PV Profile on Volt
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APPENDIX L — MODEL RESULTS Figure
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Model Results Figure L-5. Residenti
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Model Results Figure L-9. Residenti
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Model Results Figure L-13. Resident
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Model Results Figure L-17. Resident
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Model Results Figure L-21. Commerci
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Model Results Figure L-25. Commerci
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Model Results Figure L-29. Large Co
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Model Results Figure L-33. Solar Ho
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Model Results Figure L-49. Cactus A
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Model Results Figure L-53. East Val
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Model Results Figure L-57. East Val
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Model Results Figure L-61. Galvin P
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Model Results Figure L-65. Javalina
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Model Results Figure L-69. Pioneer
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Model Results Figure L-73. Thompson
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Model Results Figure L-77. DE Impac
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Appendix M Figure M-2. Power Factor
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Appendix M Table M-1 Data Points fo
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Appendix M Figure M-6. Zoomed Plot
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Appendix M Figure M-10. Plot of Tra
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Appendix M • I harmonic number: 3
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Appendix M • File ending: Bad •
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Appendix M Table M-7 Limit Setups V
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Appendix N Evaluation of Economic V
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Appendix N N.3 Economic Value of Ca
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Distributed Renewable Energy Operat
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Calculation of APS Carrying Charges
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Calculation of APS Carrying Charges
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