Distributed Renewable Energy Operating Impacts and Valuation Study

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Appendix E E.2 ET-1 Residential Load Profiles by Month ET1 Residential Load Profiles January 2007 6.0 5.0 Demand (kW) 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Time Minimum Day Maximum Day Average Day ET1 Residential Load Profiles February 2007 6.0 5.0 Demand (kW) 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Time Minimum Day Maximum Day Average Day E-6 | R. W. Beck, Inc. Arizona Public Service
Monthly Load Profiles by Selected APS Rate Group for 2007 ET1 Residential Load Profiles March 2007 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Demand (kW) Time Minimum Day Maximum Day Average Day ET1 Residential Load Profiles April 2007 6.0 5.0 Demand (kW) 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Time Minimum Day Maximum Day Average Day ET1 Residential Load Profiles May 2007 6.0 5.0 Demand (kW) 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Time Minimum Day Maximum Day Average Day Distributed Renewable Energy Operating Impacts & Valuation Study R. W. Beck, Inc. | E-7
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PREPARED FOR: ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVIC
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CONTENTS List of Tables............
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Contents 5. Technical Value - Power
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Contents TABLES 1-1 RES Eligible Te
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Contents FIGURES 1-1 RES Compliance
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5-6 Typical Output, Single-Axis Tra
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Abundant sunshine
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Executive Summary many uncertaintie
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Executive Summary In contrast to al
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Executive Summary Capital Reduction
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Executive Summary Annual Energy and
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Executive Summary commercial custom
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Executive Summary Creation of a suc
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SECTION 1 — STUDY BACKGROUND AND
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Study Background and Description 1.
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Study Background and Description in
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Study Background and Description Fi
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Study Background and Description SH
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Study Background and Description Ta
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Study Background and Description 1.
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Study Background and Description AP
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Study Background and Description cu
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Study Background and Description to
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Study Background and Description in
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Section 2 and commercial customers.
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Section 2 Figure 2-2: Photovoltaic
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Section 2 When weighted by capacity
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Section 2 PV Model Inputs Two basel
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Section 2 Figure 2-5: Phoenix Area
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Section 2 Figure 2-7: Typical Sprin
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Section 2 account shading at the ho
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Section 2 • Residential: • A so
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Section 2 • Thermosyphon systems
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Section 2 existing systems installe
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Section 2 Figure 2-12: Hourly SHW S
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Section 2 Figure 2-14: Active Dayli
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Section 2 Daylighting Costs Capital
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Section 2 • An interior diffusion
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Section 2 Key Findings of Commercia
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Section 2 2.5 Deployment Analysis 2
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Section 2 Table 2-11 Residential PV
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Section 2 Commercial PV PV systems
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Section 2 was conceived by Frank Ba
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Section 2 Kastovich. 36 The formula
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Section 2 Figure 2-20: PV Payback -
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Section 2 Figure 2-22: PV Payback -
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Section 2 Figure 2-24: Daylighting
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Section 2 • The forecast of the a
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Section 2 Results of Market Simulat
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SECTION 3 — TECHNICAL VALUE - DIS
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Technical Value - Distribution Syst
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Section 4 Both of these benefits ar
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Section 4 decrease both real and re
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Section 4 • A simplifying assumpt
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Section 4 Results The effects of as
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Section 4 may have excess schedulin
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Section 4 4.3.2 Local Reliability/R
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Section 4 Figure 4-3: $110 Million
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Section 4 Figure 4-4: Historical PV
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Section 4 Figure 4-6: Historical PV
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SECTION 5 — TECHNICAL VALUE - POW
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Technical Value - Power Supply Capa
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Section 6 Value is also viewed and
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Section 6 6.2.2 Approach to Identif
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Section 6 Table 6-1 Levelized Carry
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Section 6 6.4.2 Summary of Quantita
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Section 6 Table 6-4 Capital Cost Re
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Section 6 Table 6-6 Total Solar DE
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Section 6 savings for the High Pene
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Section 6 6.4.7 Fixed and Variable
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Section 6 current demand, but assum
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Section 6 legislation and regulatio
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Section 6 The expansion of “green
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Section 6 solar DE development over
Page 214 and 215: Section 6 • Provide financing - M
Page 216 and 217: Section 6 6.8 Conclusions The winni
Page 218 and 219: Appendix A solar incidence: solar t
Page 221 and 222: APPENDIX B — CALIFORNIA PV PROGRA
Page 223 and 224: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM Figure B-2. C
Page 225 and 226: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM largest avera
Page 227 and 228: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM The data show
Page 229 and 230: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM The following
Page 231: CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM Figure B-6. H
Page 234 and 235: Appendix C The price of an SREC is
Page 236 and 237: Appendix C Figure C-3. Average Cost
Page 238 and 239: Appendix C Figure C-6. Average Cost
Page 240 and 241: Appendix C C.2.5 Government Facilit
Page 242 and 243: Appendix C Figure C-14. Average Cap
Page 244 and 245: Appendix C Figure C-16. Total Numbe
Page 247 and 248: APPENDIX D — CUSTOMER USE CHARACT
Page 249 and 250: Customer Use Characteristics by Sel
Page 259 and 260: APPENDIX E — MONTHLY LOAD PROFILE
Page 261 and 262: Monthly Load Profiles by Selected A
Page 263: Monthly Load Profiles by Selected A
Page 289 and 290: APPENDIX F — PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
Page 291 and 292: Photovoltaic system modeling Figure
Page 293: Photovoltaic system modeling - One-
Page 296 and 297: Appendix G The SRCC provides estima
Page 298 and 299: Appendix H Equipment Qualifications
Page 300 and 301: Appendix I Table I-3 Residential Ch
Page 303: Appendix J APS Incentive Schedules
Page 306 and 307: DISTRIBUTED ENERGY ADMINISTRATION P
Page 308 and 309: DISTRIBUTED ENERGY ADMINISTRATION P
Page 311: Appendix K DSS Study - Distribution
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Overview • EPRI was contracted by
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Circuit Model © 2008 Electric Powe
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Modeling Assumptions • Distributi
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Procedures After Model Conversion
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Load Models • Individual customer
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Loss Impact Analysis © 2008 Electr
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Sample Residential Solar Curves 3.0
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Hourly Average Load and Solar Curve
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Base Case Results: No Solar 12000 T
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Case 1 Results: Business as Usual 1
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Loss Analysis Results Summary Base
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Reduction in 2007 Peak Load 2007 Pe
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Voltage Regulation © 2008 Electric
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ADEQ: Fixed Horizontal commercial P
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SOL_Desert: Fixed Latitude (residen
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Voltage Regulation Model • Same b
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Total PV Power Input Total PV Power
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Effect of PV Power on Phase Current
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Deviation between Voltage Profile 0
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Greenfield Results with Manually Ed
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Effect of Edited PV Profile on Tota
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Effect of Edited PV Profile on Volt
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APPENDIX L — MODEL RESULTS Figure
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Model Results Figure L-5. Residenti
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Model Results Figure L-9. Residenti
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Model Results Figure L-13. Resident
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Model Results Figure L-17. Resident
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Model Results Figure L-21. Commerci
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Model Results Figure L-25. Commerci
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Model Results Figure L-29. Large Co
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Model Results Figure L-33. Solar Ho
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Model Results Figure L-49. Cactus A
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Model Results Figure L-53. East Val
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Model Results Figure L-57. East Val
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Model Results Figure L-61. Galvin P
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Model Results Figure L-65. Javalina
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Model Results Figure L-69. Pioneer
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Model Results Figure L-73. Thompson
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Model Results Figure L-77. DE Impac
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Appendix M Figure M-2. Power Factor
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Appendix M Table M-1 Data Points fo
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Appendix M Figure M-6. Zoomed Plot
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Appendix M Figure M-10. Plot of Tra
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Appendix M • I harmonic number: 3
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Appendix M • File ending: Bad •
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Appendix M Table M-7 Limit Setups V
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Appendix N Evaluation of Economic V
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Appendix N N.3 Economic Value of Ca
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Distributed Renewable Energy Operat
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Calculation of APS Carrying Charges
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Calculation of APS Carrying Charges
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Distributed Renewable Energy Operating Impacts and Valuation Study

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