Distributed Renewable Energy Operating Impacts and Valuation Study

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Appendix I Table I-3 Residential Charges by Tariff Summer Charges Winter Charges Tariff 1st 400 kWh 2nd 400 kWh Additional kWh Onpeak kWh Offpeak kWh On-peak Demand All kWh E10 0.0874 0.1243 0.1474 0.0850 E12 0.0857 0.1218 0.1443 0.0833 Onpeak kWh Off-peak kWh ET-1 0.1581 0.0511 0.1285 0.0493 ET-2 0.2160 0.0541 0.1752 0.0541 On-peak Demand ECT-1 0.0659 0.0369 11.86 0.0498 0.0353 8.15 ECT-2 0.0783 0.0386 11.87 0.0515 0.0378 8.15 Table I-4 Commercial Customer Counts, and Energy and Demand Use % of Total Commercial Demand % of Total Commercial Energy Customer % of Tariff Count Customers E32 xsmall 90,811 77.52% 20.1% 15.3% E32 small 20,496 17.50% 26.7% 25.4% E32 medium 4,535 3.87% 26.4% 27.2% E32 large 893 0.76% 16.1% 20.1% E32 xlarge 196 0.17% 7.3% 9.5% E32 TOU xsmall 52 0.04% 0.0% 0.0% E32 TOU small 91 0.08% 0.1% 0.1% E32 TOU medium 47 0.04% 0.2% 0.3% E32 TOU large 20 0.02% 0.4% 0.6% E32 TOU xlarge 8 0.01% 2.6% 1.5% I-2 | R. W. Beck, Inc. Arizona Public Service
Summary Use Characteristics and Tariffs by Selected APS Rate Group Table I-5 Commercial Energy Use by Tariff xsmall Small medium large Xlarge winter peak 5 28 140 485 1,018 summer peak 7 43 193 614 1,231 summer on-peak kWh 7,124 49,165 225,633 804,103 1,619,787 summer off-peak kWh 7,862 62,941 300,563 1,144,344 2,401,893 winter on-peak kWh 4,789 32,441 147,537 544,047 1,041,858 winter off-peak kWh 6,397 45,612 205,617 812,164 1,598,870 Table I-6 Commercial Charges by Tariff Summer Charges Winter Charges Tariff 1st 5000 kWh Additional kWh 1st 200 kWh Additional kWh 1st 100 kW Rest of kW 1st 5000 kWh Additional kWh E32 xsmall 0.1116 0.0598 0.0965 0.0447 1st 200 kWh Additional kWh E32 small 0.0912 0.0533 7.8650 4.509 0.0761 0.0383 E32 medium 0.0912 0.0533 7.8650 4.509 0.0761 0.0383 E32 large 0.0912 0.0533 7.8650 4.509 0.0761 0.0383 E32 xlarge 0.0912 0.0533 7.8650 4.509 0.0761 0.0383 Distributed Renewable Energy Operating Impacts & Valuation Study R. W. Beck, Inc. | I-3
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PREPARED FOR: ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVIC
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CONTENTS List of Tables............
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Contents 5. Technical Value - Power
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Contents TABLES 1-1 RES Eligible Te
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Contents FIGURES 1-1 RES Compliance
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5-6 Typical Output, Single-Axis Tra
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Abundant sunshine
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Executive Summary many uncertaintie
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Executive Summary In contrast to al
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Executive Summary Capital Reduction
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Executive Summary Annual Energy and
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Executive Summary commercial custom
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Executive Summary Creation of a suc
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SECTION 1 — STUDY BACKGROUND AND
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Study Background and Description 1.
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Study Background and Description in
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Study Background and Description Fi
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Study Background and Description SH
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Study Background and Description Ta
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Study Background and Description 1.
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Study Background and Description AP
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Study Background and Description cu
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Study Background and Description to
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Study Background and Description in
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Section 2 and commercial customers.
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Section 2 Figure 2-2: Photovoltaic
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Section 2 When weighted by capacity
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Section 2 PV Model Inputs Two basel
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Section 2 Figure 2-5: Phoenix Area
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Section 2 Figure 2-7: Typical Sprin
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Section 2 account shading at the ho
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Section 2 • Residential: • A so
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Section 2 • Thermosyphon systems
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Section 2 existing systems installe
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Section 2 Figure 2-12: Hourly SHW S
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Section 2 Figure 2-14: Active Dayli
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Section 2 Daylighting Costs Capital
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Section 2 • An interior diffusion
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Section 2 Key Findings of Commercia
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Section 2 2.5 Deployment Analysis 2
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Section 2 Table 2-11 Residential PV
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Section 2 Commercial PV PV systems
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Section 2 was conceived by Frank Ba
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Section 2 Kastovich. 36 The formula
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Section 2 Figure 2-20: PV Payback -
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Section 2 Figure 2-22: PV Payback -
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Section 2 Figure 2-24: Daylighting
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Section 2 • The forecast of the a
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Section 2 Results of Market Simulat
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SECTION 3 — TECHNICAL VALUE - DIS
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Technical Value - Distribution Syst
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Section 4 Both of these benefits ar
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Section 4 decrease both real and re
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Section 4 • A simplifying assumpt
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Section 4 Results The effects of as
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Section 4 may have excess schedulin
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Section 4 4.3.2 Local Reliability/R
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Section 4 Figure 4-3: $110 Million
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Section 4 Figure 4-4: Historical PV
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Section 4 Figure 4-6: Historical PV
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SECTION 5 — TECHNICAL VALUE - POW
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Technical Value - Power Supply Capa
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Section 6 Value is also viewed and
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Section 6 6.2.2 Approach to Identif
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Section 6 Table 6-1 Levelized Carry
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Section 6 6.4.2 Summary of Quantita
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Section 6 Table 6-4 Capital Cost Re
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Section 6 Table 6-6 Total Solar DE
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Section 6 savings for the High Pene
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Section 6 6.4.7 Fixed and Variable
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Section 6 current demand, but assum
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Section 6 legislation and regulatio
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Section 6 The expansion of “green
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Section 6 solar DE development over
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Section 6 • Provide financing - M
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Section 6 6.8 Conclusions The winni
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Appendix A solar incidence: solar t
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APPENDIX B — CALIFORNIA PV PROGRA
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CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM Figure B-2. C
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CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM largest avera
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CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM The data show
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CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM The following
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CALIFORNIA PV PROGRAM Figure B-6. H
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Appendix C The price of an SREC is
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Appendix C Figure C-3. Average Cost
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Appendix C Figure C-6. Average Cost
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Appendix C C.2.5 Government Facilit
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Appendix C Figure C-14. Average Cap
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Appendix C Figure C-16. Total Numbe
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APPENDIX D — CUSTOMER USE CHARACT
Page 249 and 250: Customer Use Characteristics by Sel
Page 259 and 260: APPENDIX E — MONTHLY LOAD PROFILE
Page 261 and 262: Monthly Load Profiles by Selected A
Page 289 and 290: APPENDIX F — PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
Page 291 and 292: Photovoltaic system modeling Figure
Page 293: Photovoltaic system modeling - One-
Page 296 and 297: Appendix G The SRCC provides estima
Page 298 and 299: Appendix H Equipment Qualifications
Page 303: Appendix J APS Incentive Schedules
Page 306 and 307: DISTRIBUTED ENERGY ADMINISTRATION P
Page 308 and 309: DISTRIBUTED ENERGY ADMINISTRATION P
Page 311: Appendix K DSS Study - Distribution
Page 314 and 315: Overview • EPRI was contracted by
Page 316 and 317: Circuit Model © 2008 Electric Powe
Page 318 and 319: Modeling Assumptions • Distributi
Page 320 and 321: Procedures After Model Conversion
Page 322 and 323: Load Models • Individual customer
Page 324 and 325: Loss Impact Analysis © 2008 Electr
Page 326 and 327: Sample Residential Solar Curves 3.0
Page 328 and 329: Hourly Average Load and Solar Curve
Page 330 and 331: Base Case Results: No Solar 12000 T
Page 332 and 333: Case 1 Results: Business as Usual 1
Page 334 and 335: Loss Analysis Results Summary Base
Page 336 and 337: Reduction in 2007 Peak Load 2007 Pe
Page 338 and 339: Voltage Regulation © 2008 Electric
Page 340 and 341: ADEQ: Fixed Horizontal commercial P
Page 342 and 343: SOL_Desert: Fixed Latitude (residen
Page 344 and 345: Voltage Regulation Model • Same b
Page 346 and 347: Total PV Power Input Total PV Power
Page 348 and 349: Effect of PV Power on Phase Current
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Deviation between Voltage Profile 0
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Greenfield Results with Manually Ed
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Effect of Edited PV Profile on Tota
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Effect of Edited PV Profile on Volt
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APPENDIX L — MODEL RESULTS Figure
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Model Results Figure L-5. Residenti
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Model Results Figure L-9. Residenti
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Model Results Figure L-13. Resident
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Model Results Figure L-17. Resident
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Model Results Figure L-21. Commerci
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Model Results Figure L-25. Commerci
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Model Results Figure L-29. Large Co
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Model Results Figure L-33. Solar Ho
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Model Results Figure L-49. Cactus A
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Model Results Figure L-53. East Val
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Model Results Figure L-57. East Val
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Model Results Figure L-61. Galvin P
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Model Results Figure L-65. Javalina
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Model Results Figure L-69. Pioneer
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Model Results Figure L-73. Thompson
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Model Results Figure L-77. DE Impac
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Appendix M Figure M-2. Power Factor
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Appendix M Table M-1 Data Points fo
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Appendix M Figure M-6. Zoomed Plot
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Appendix M Figure M-10. Plot of Tra
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Appendix M • I harmonic number: 3
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Appendix M • File ending: Bad •
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Appendix M Table M-7 Limit Setups V
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Appendix N Evaluation of Economic V
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Appendix N N.3 Economic Value of Ca
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Distributed Renewable Energy Operat
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Calculation of APS Carrying Charges
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Calculation of APS Carrying Charges
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Distributed Renewable Energy Operating Impacts and Valuation Study

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